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investigate browser incidents.",{},1786447063207,1786447063195,[],{"breakpoints":433,"kind":20,"hasErrors":6,"lastPreviewUrl":21,"hasAutosaves":6},{"xsmall":18,"small":17,"medium":16},"9ct4hl8sl5c","https://cdn.builder.io/api/v1/image/assets%2Ff3a1111ff5be48cdbb123cd9f5795a05%2Fdf7cb125fc114ac5bc3c4ea4edfdf157","Account takeover looks like a normal login. Push monitors authentication inside the browser to detect credential abuse, session hijacking, and ghost logins in real time.","Stop Account Takeover","Achieve Security Outcomes / Stop Account Takeover",[440,463,473,486,495,523,529,537],{"@type":44,"@version":45,"id":441,"component":442,"responsiveStyles":461},"builder-5bfd2b742f4a4ddba11b6c784661734d",{"name":443,"tag":443,"options":444,"isRSC":59},"SolutionHero",{"headingLevel":445,"showTrustedBy":19,"title":446,"headingSize":447,"bodyText":448,"bullets":449,"cta":456,"graphic":459,"graphicAltText":460},"h1","\u003Cp>Stop account takeover\u003C/p>","2xl","\u003Cp>Account takeover usually looks like a normal login. Push monitors authentication directly in the browser, exposing the access paths attackers rely on, from ghost logins to credential stuffing, before damage is done.\u003C/p>",[450,452,454],{"text":451},"Identify credential-based ATO as it unfolds",{"text":453},"Surface hijacked sessions and token misuse",{"text":455},"Strengthen authentication security where your IdP can’t",{"label":457,"url":458},"Book a demo","/demo","https://cdn.builder.io/api/v1/image/assets%2Ff3a1111ff5be48cdbb123cd9f5795a05%2Fe0bd4b4dcde4412b950b77ce0664ec25","Geometry graphic",{"large":462},{"display":62,"flexDirection":63,"position":64,"flexShrink":65,"boxSizing":66},{"@type":44,"@version":45,"id":464,"component":465,"responsiveStyles":471},"builder-a4c7d322c52f40dc8b360f5359ad06d9",{"name":466,"tag":466,"options":467,"isRSC":59},"CurvedDiagonalUp",{"colourAbove":468,"colourBelow":469,"showAccentLine":19,"spacingBottom":470},"transparent","white","medium",{"large":472},{"display":62,"flexDirection":63,"position":64,"flexShrink":65,"boxSizing":66},{"@type":44,"@version":45,"id":474,"component":475,"responsiveStyles":484},"builder-5393bbc887d6426bbd37c6c69cdbe9d5",{"name":476,"tag":476,"options":477,"isRSC":59},"FlexiContentBlock",{"headingLevel":478,"spacingBottom":479,"title":480,"headingSize":481,"content":482,"backgroundColour":469,"textColour":483},"h2","small","\u003Ch2>Assume less. See more.\u003C/h2>\n","xl","\u003Cp>Identity providers enforce policies, but they don’t show how users actually access applications across the web. Many SaaS apps still allow local credentials even when SSO is configured. Users reuse passwords across work accounts. Old login methods remain active long after policies change. Push shows you how authentication really happens in the browser so security teams can see where risk still exists and remove access paths that attackers can exploit.\u003C/p>","black",{"large":485},{"display":62,"flexDirection":63,"position":64,"flexShrink":65,"boxSizing":66},{"@type":44,"@version":45,"id":487,"component":488,"responsiveStyles":493},"builder-b96da38e49004bbdbee62985a6a0e791",{"name":489,"tag":489,"options":490,"isRSC":59},"FlexiImage",{"backgroundColour":469,"spacingBottom":91,"image":491,"imageAlt":492,"caption":21,"roundedCorners":447,"shadow":481},"https://cdn.builder.io/api/v1/image/assets%2Ff3a1111ff5be48cdbb123cd9f5795a05%2Ff47e563cfebe43f6a88aebebf359dfc3","Product screenshot displaying detections",{"large":494},{"display":62,"flexDirection":63,"position":64,"flexShrink":65,"boxSizing":66},{"@type":44,"@version":45,"id":496,"component":497,"responsiveStyles":521},"builder-92d11bc52a3a458cb54252cb9f8dead5",{"name":498,"tag":498,"options":499,"isRSC":59},"AlternatingRows",{"headingLevel":478,"backgroundColour":500,"defaultTextColour":501,"mobileStart":502,"desktopStart":503,"desktopBreakpoint":504,"spacingBottom":91,"headingSize":481,"rows":505,"imageFrame":519},"#ffffff","#000000","text","image","md",[506,511,515],{"title":507,"content":508,"image":509,"imageAltText":510},"\u003Ch2>Catch stolen credential use in real time\u003C/h2>\n\n","\u003Cp>Push monitors authentication activity as it happens in the browser and detects the patterns associated with \u003Ca href=\"/blog/scattered-spider-ttp-evolution-in-2025\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">credential-based attacks\u003C/a>. When leaked passwords are used, when login flows behave unexpectedly, or when attackers attempt to test credentials across applications, Push detects the activity immediately. Security teams can respond before the attacker gains meaningful access.\u003C/p>","https://cdn.builder.io/api/v1/image/assets%2Ff3a1111ff5be48cdbb123cd9f5795a05%2Fe1c3fed2006345648cf0b2a74512762a?format=webp","Product image - catch credential based attacks",{"title":512,"content":513,"image":514,"imageAltText":510},"\u003Ch2>Detect session hijacks and stealth access\u003C/h2>","\u003Cp>A growing number of attacks avoid the login process entirely. Instead of stealing passwords, \u003Ca href=\"/blog/browser-sync-attacks-where-personal-account-hacks-lead-to-corporate-breaches\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">attackers reuse session tokens\u003C/a> that have already passed authentication. This allows them to access accounts without triggering traditional login protections. Push detects when active sessions are reused in ways that don’t match the user’s browser activity, exposing hijacked sessions and unauthorized access that would otherwise blend in with normal usage.\u003C/p>","https://cdn.builder.io/api/v1/image/assets%2Ff3a1111ff5be48cdbb123cd9f5795a05%2F0762a56f5fef427680e8482ded7efc67?format=webp",{"title":516,"content":517,"image":518,"imageAltText":510},"\u003Cp>Harden accounts before they’re compromised\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Push helps teams reduce the conditions that make account takeover possible. It identifies applications that still accept local logins outside of SSO, highlights \u003Ca href=\"/blog/enforce-mfa-on-third-party-apps/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">accounts missing MFA\u003C/a>, and surfaces credentials that are weak or already exposed in breach data. 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AI: how to discover, govern, and secure AI apps",{"items":938},[939],{"fullName":940,"firstName":941,"jobTitle":942,"socialLinks":59,"profilePicture":943},"Kelly Davenport","Kelly","Product Team",{"url":944},"https://images.ctfassets.net/y1cdw1ablpvd/1hi8bEuVfn5sF57LivAq6d/9a3b82426c697d765e2e450e33a18424/kelly_profile_pic.jpeg",{"json":946,"links":1800},{"nodeType":947,"data":948,"content":949},"document",{},[950,958,965,1016,1023,1030,1085,1094,1098,1107,1114,1126,1132,1144,1150,1162,1168,1171,1179,1186,1205,1216,1223,1230,1233,1241,1248,1273,1279,1286,1302,1318,1324,1340,1356,1363,1370,1377,1383,1386,1394,1401,1409,1416,1432,1439,1464,1470,1477,1483,1495,1502,1508,1514,1517,1525,1532,1551,1558,1566,1573,1585,1601,1607,1619,1653,1660,1676,1682,1698,1705,1712,1715,1723,1730,1737,1744,1751,1758,1765,1768,1775,1782],{"nodeType":951,"data":952,"content":953},"paragraph",{},[954],{"nodeType":502,"value":955,"marks":956,"data":957},"Every security team that's blocked an AI tool at the network level has had the same experience three months later: The tool they blocked isn't in use, but a dozen they've never heard of are.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":959,"content":960},{},[961],{"nodeType":502,"value":962,"marks":963,"data":964},"The block didn't stop employees from using AI. It just prevented the security team from seeing what’s actually happening.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":966,"content":967},{},[968,972,981,985,991,995,1000,1004,1012],{"nodeType":502,"value":969,"marks":970,"data":971},"The data backs up this pattern. ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":974,"content":976},"hyperlink",{"uri":975},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/what-push-data-reveals-about-the-state-of-shadow-ai/",[977],{"nodeType":502,"value":978,"marks":979,"data":980},"Push telemetry",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":982,"marks":983,"data":984}," shows that the average organization has ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":986,"marks":987,"data":990},"16 AI apps, 17 AI browser extensions,",[988],{"type":989},"bold",{},{"nodeType":502,"value":992,"marks":993,"data":994}," and ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":996,"marks":997,"data":999},"17 AI OAuth integrations",[998],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1001,"marks":1002,"data":1003}," in active use during a typical week — most unapproved. Meanwhile, ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":1005,"content":1007},{"uri":1006},"https://www.okta.com/newsroom/articles/ai-agents-at-work-2026-agentic-enterprise-security/",[1008],{"nodeType":502,"value":1009,"marks":1010,"data":1011},"Okta found",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1013,"marks":1014,"data":1015}," that 80% of employees who use unapproved AI tools do so because it's easier to use their own accounts, and 57% because the approval process is too slow.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1017,"content":1018},{},[1019],{"nodeType":502,"value":1020,"marks":1021,"data":1022},"The organizations getting this right have stopped treating AI governance as an access-control problem — which tools to allow, which to block — and started treating it as an invitation to build out an infrastructure to enable appropriate use. Employees are going to use the tools they need to get their work done. The question is whether they'll use them on a path you built and instrumented, or on one they carved themselves.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1024,"content":1025},{},[1026],{"nodeType":502,"value":1027,"marks":1028,"data":1029},"This guide walks through how to build that paved path. Using Push, you can:",[],{},{"nodeType":1031,"data":1032,"content":1033},"unordered-list",{},[1034,1045,1055,1065,1075],{"nodeType":1035,"data":1036,"content":1037},"list-item",{},[1038],{"nodeType":951,"data":1039,"content":1040},{},[1041],{"nodeType":502,"value":1042,"marks":1043,"data":1044},"Identify shadow AI, including personal accounts on approved corporate apps, AI browser extensions, OAuth integrations into sensitive systems, and AI browser usage.",[],{},{"nodeType":1035,"data":1046,"content":1047},{},[1048],{"nodeType":951,"data":1049,"content":1050},{},[1051],{"nodeType":502,"value":1052,"marks":1053,"data":1054},"Enforce policies on data flows into and out of AI apps, including blocking unapproved file uploads, downloads, and clipboard pastes; and monitoring AI chat transcripts.",[],{},{"nodeType":1035,"data":1056,"content":1057},{},[1058],{"nodeType":951,"data":1059,"content":1060},{},[1061],{"nodeType":502,"value":1062,"marks":1063,"data":1064},"Use just-in-time guardrails to intercept users accessing unapproved AI tools and point them at approved alternatives.",[],{},{"nodeType":1035,"data":1066,"content":1067},{},[1068],{"nodeType":951,"data":1069,"content":1070},{},[1071],{"nodeType":502,"value":1072,"marks":1073,"data":1074},"Prevent unwanted MCP connections with app-agnostic controls.",[],{},{"nodeType":1035,"data":1076,"content":1077},{},[1078],{"nodeType":951,"data":1079,"content":1080},{},[1081],{"nodeType":502,"value":1082,"marks":1083,"data":1084},"Automate a lot of the work so you don’t burn out your team as the AI landscape continues to shift.",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":1087,"content":1093},"embedded-entry-block",{"target":1088},{"sys":1089},{"id":1090,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"29N8YH9As3GHypOve3br80","Link","Entry",[],{"nodeType":1095,"data":1096,"content":1097},"hr",{},[],{"nodeType":1099,"data":1100,"content":1101},"heading-1",{},[1102],{"nodeType":502,"value":1103,"marks":1104,"data":1106},"What is shadow AI, and why can't you manage it like shadow IT?",[1105],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1108,"content":1109},{},[1110],{"nodeType":502,"value":1111,"marks":1112,"data":1113},"Shadow AI is any use of AI tools, services, or integrations that happens outside an organization's security governance and visibility. Security teams have been managing shadow SaaS for years, but shadow AI can't be addressed with the same playbook — for three reasons.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1115,"content":1116},{},[1117,1122],{"nodeType":502,"value":1118,"marks":1119,"data":1121},"First",[1120],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1123,"marks":1124,"data":1125},", it spans multiple categories that each need different controls: unapproved AI apps, personal accounts on approved corporate AI tools, AI browser extensions, and OAuth integrations into corporate systems. Blocking unapproved apps doesn't address personal accounts on approved ones, and neither solves the extension or OAuth problem. ",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":1127,"content":1131},{"target":1128},{"sys":1129},{"id":1130,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"2hsKQ9DEspflhmtR0bE7QY",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":1133,"content":1134},{},[1135,1140],{"nodeType":502,"value":1136,"marks":1137,"data":1139},"Second",[1138],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1141,"marks":1142,"data":1143},", the tools most organizations rely on to manage shadow SaaS — SWGs, CASBs, EDR, IdP logs — are structurally blind to shadow AI. An SWG sees that someone visited an AI domain but can't tell you whether they logged in, pasted source code into a prompt, or granted OAuth access to your Google Workspace tenant. EDR doesn't see browser-layer activity at all. IdP logs capture OAuth grants routed through the identity provider but miss tools accessed via direct signup or personal accounts. Instead, the activity security teams need to see happens primarily inside the browser.",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":1145,"content":1149},{"target":1146},{"sys":1147},{"id":1148,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"1vE0dyAKdnTSjyAJ4Xoadd",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":1151,"content":1152},{},[1153,1158],{"nodeType":502,"value":1154,"marks":1155,"data":1157},"Third",[1156],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1159,"marks":1160,"data":1161},", the risk profile is different. Shadow AI tools increasingly function as hubs — connected via OAuth integrations and MCP to email, cloud storage, code repositories, and other high-value systems. They leak sensitive data outward (employees paste source code, credentials, and internal documents into prompts daily) while simultaneously expanding the attack surface inward (compromise a single AI app and an attacker inherits whatever access the employee granted it, turning one ungoverned tool into a pivot point across the SaaS estate). ",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":1163,"content":1167},{"target":1164},{"sys":1165},{"id":1166,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"3ldZ23OORTu7INBfSnE7R7",[],{"nodeType":1095,"data":1169,"content":1170},{},[],{"nodeType":1099,"data":1172,"content":1173},{},[1174],{"nodeType":502,"value":1175,"marks":1176,"data":1178},"Why blocking AI usage fails",[1177],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1180,"content":1181},{},[1182],{"nodeType":502,"value":1183,"marks":1184,"data":1185},"The instinct to block AI tools makes sense. Executives are asking about AI risk to the business, a new tool appears every week, and blocking unapproved apps feels like a quick way to stop the bleeding.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1187,"content":1188},{},[1189,1193,1201],{"nodeType":502,"value":1190,"marks":1191,"data":1192},"Unfortunately, blocking doesn't work for long. The latest security frameworks — including the ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":1194,"content":1196},{"uri":1195},"https://www.sans.org/mlp/2026-ai-security-maturity-model-ebook",[1197],{"nodeType":502,"value":1198,"marks":1199,"data":1200},"SANS AI Security Maturity Model",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1202,"marks":1203,"data":1204}," — all agree: Block-based AI policies drive usage underground rather than preventing it. ",[],{},{"nodeType":1206,"data":1207,"content":1208},"blockquote",{},[1209],{"nodeType":951,"data":1210,"content":1211},{},[1212],{"nodeType":502,"value":1213,"marks":1214,"data":1215},"A block-based AI policy may feel like risk management, but practitioner experience shows that it typically drives AI usage underground rather than preventing it. The goal is not to eliminate AI use; it is to bring it into visibility where it can be governed.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1217,"content":1218},{},[1219],{"nodeType":502,"value":1220,"marks":1221,"data":1222},"These kinds of barricades also fail for a structural reason: They're built on the network perimeter, and AI usage doesn't cross the perimeter in ways network tools can inspect.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1224,"content":1225},{},[1226],{"nodeType":502,"value":1227,"marks":1228,"data":1229},"The most damaging consequence of blocking isn't the workarounds themselves — it's the loss of visibility. To begin building a better path for employees, you have to start with seeing what's actually happening.",[],{},{"nodeType":1095,"data":1231,"content":1232},{},[],{"nodeType":1099,"data":1234,"content":1235},{},[1236],{"nodeType":502,"value":1237,"marks":1238,"data":1240},"Using Push to discover, govern, and control shadow AI",[1239],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1242,"content":1243},{},[1244],{"nodeType":502,"value":1245,"marks":1246,"data":1247},"Push Security is a browser security platform that gets you the vantage point you need to start addressing shadow AI. Push deploys as a lightweight extension to employees' existing browsers rather than requiring a full browser migration, giving security teams visibility into browser-layer activity that network and endpoint tools structurally lack.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1249,"content":1250},{},[1251,1255,1260,1264,1269],{"nodeType":502,"value":1252,"marks":1253,"data":1254},"Push discovers AI tools through ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1256,"marks":1257,"data":1259},"automatic",[1258],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1261,"marks":1262,"data":1263}," ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1265,"marks":1266,"data":1268},"app discovery",[1267],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1270,"marks":1271,"data":1272},", allowing you to identify applications from actual browser login events rather than network traffic logs. ",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":1274,"content":1278},{"target":1275},{"sys":1276},{"id":1277,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"4eTkgU2dxhMueHPiwuCWDl",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":1280,"content":1281},{},[1282],{"nodeType":502,"value":1283,"marks":1284,"data":1285},"When an employee signs into a new AI service, Push registers the authentication event, identifies the application, and logs how the employee authenticated — corporate SSO, OIDC, a standalone password, or a personal account. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1287,"content":1288},{},[1289,1293,1298],{"nodeType":502,"value":1290,"marks":1291,"data":1292},"Push then applies ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1294,"marks":1295,"data":1297},"app categories ",[1296],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1299,"marks":1300,"data":1301},"automatically, classifying the discovered application by type without requiring security teams to build or maintain manual lists.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1303,"content":1304},{},[1305,1309,1314],{"nodeType":502,"value":1306,"marks":1307,"data":1308},"Push extends the same discovery across the other three shadow AI dimensions. The platform’s ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1310,"marks":1311,"data":1313},"browser extension discovery ",[1312],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1315,"marks":1316,"data":1317},"capability catalogs every AI-related extension installed across the workforce, including the specific permissions each extension has requested (access to page content, browsing history, clipboard data), allowing you to review whether those permission combinations could enable data exfiltration or account takeover. ",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":1319,"content":1323},{"target":1320},{"sys":1321},{"id":1322,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"1z56sTWWN9E35dE3HhbRNY",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":1325,"content":1326},{},[1327,1331,1336],{"nodeType":502,"value":1328,"marks":1329,"data":1330},"Push’s ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1332,"marks":1333,"data":1335},"OAuth integration discovery",[1334],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1337,"marks":1338,"data":1339}," identifies OAuth connections between AI tools and corporate systems — the grants that create persistent API-level access to platforms like Google Workspace.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1341,"content":1342},{},[1343,1347,1352],{"nodeType":502,"value":1344,"marks":1345,"data":1346},"For each discovered tool, Push also captures authentication context that points to ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1348,"marks":1349,"data":1351},"where hidden security risks lie",[1350],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1353,"marks":1354,"data":1355},": SSO vs. password vs. personal account, MFA status, and password strength. An AI tool accessed via corporate SSO with MFA is a different risk than the same tool accessed through a personal Gmail account with a reused password. Similarly, employees using only a password to access AI tools that they’ve integrated with other sensitive corporate systems introduces another level of downstream risk. That context is what makes the inventory actionable.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1357,"content":1358},{},[1359],{"nodeType":502,"value":1360,"marks":1361,"data":1362},"Push also detects when employees are adopting agentic browsers — autonomous AI-powered browsers like Comet, Atlas, and Dia that browse the web and interact with applications on behalf of users or automated workflows. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1364,"content":1365},{},[1366],{"nodeType":502,"value":1367,"marks":1368,"data":1369},"These represent an emerging category of non-human AI identity. They authenticate to SaaS applications, access corporate data, and make API calls, but they aren't managed through traditional identity infrastructure. Push helps you identify these agentic browsers as they appear in the environment, before they become a blind spot.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1371,"content":1372},{},[1373],{"nodeType":502,"value":1374,"marks":1375,"data":1376},"Returning to the paved path metaphor, this step is about surveying the site before you figure out where to put in the path. You need to understand who’s already doing what, where, so you can find the risks you need to address.",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":1378,"content":1382},{"target":1379},{"sys":1380},{"id":1381,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"5iXyJbxwWiUt7WoP7FF0Y2",[],{"nodeType":1095,"data":1384,"content":1385},{},[],{"nodeType":1099,"data":1387,"content":1388},{},[1389],{"nodeType":502,"value":1390,"marks":1391,"data":1393},"Step-by-step guide to enforcing AI governance without blocking everything",[1392],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1395,"content":1396},{},[1397],{"nodeType":502,"value":1398,"marks":1399,"data":1400},"The barricade approach favored by existing solutions like network proxies gives you two options: Allow or block. Enforcing AI policy effectively requires a third approach with a bit more nuance: Guide the user to do the right thing. ",[],{},{"nodeType":1402,"data":1403,"content":1404},"heading-2",{},[1405],{"nodeType":502,"value":1406,"marks":1407,"data":1408},"Building the \"paved path\" with Push",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1410,"content":1411},{},[1412],{"nodeType":502,"value":1413,"marks":1414,"data":1415},"Push provides all three options as configurable enforcement modes for a variety of readymade controls. Progressing between them is how organizations can move from \"we don't know what people are doing with AI\" to evidence-based governance.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1417,"content":1418},{},[1419,1423,1428],{"nodeType":502,"value":1420,"marks":1421,"data":1422},"Push can be deployed silently and begin observing AI usage with no employee-facing intervention. This is effectively Push in ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1424,"marks":1425,"data":1427},"Monitor",[1426],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1429,"marks":1430,"data":1431}," mode.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1433,"content":1434},{},[1435],{"nodeType":502,"value":1436,"marks":1437,"data":1438},"The platform records which tools are in use, how employees authenticated, and what usage patterns are emerging. Most organizations should start here to generate a baseline. Telemetry can be streamed to your SIEM or other downstream system to get alerted to newly adopted apps and extensions, and to surface security risks like insecure accounts.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1440,"content":1441},{},[1442,1446,1451,1455,1460],{"nodeType":502,"value":1443,"marks":1444,"data":1445},"Next, most organizations will transition to ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1447,"marks":1448,"data":1450},"Acknowledge",[1449],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1452,"marks":1453,"data":1454}," mode for controls like in-browser ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1456,"marks":1457,"data":1459},"App banners",[1458],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1461,"marks":1462,"data":1463},". With this control, you can warn employees when they attempt to use an unapproved AI tool and point them to approved alternatives.",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":1465,"content":1469},{"target":1466},{"sys":1467},{"id":1468,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"17nT8JDTyHLExwhb2upb6T",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":1471,"content":1472},{},[1473],{"nodeType":502,"value":1474,"marks":1475,"data":1476},"The employee isn't blocked — they're guided toward the governed path at the moment they're about to step off it. This is more effective than a policy document because it arrives right when they need the reminder. ",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":1478,"content":1482},{"target":1479},{"sys":1480},{"id":1481,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"2lDFCuc48jcGODcwD6nYhK",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":1484,"content":1485},{},[1486,1491],{"nodeType":502,"value":1487,"marks":1488,"data":1490},"Block",[1489],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1492,"marks":1493,"data":1494}," mode prevents access entirely — Push presents a blocking banner to users who attempt to log in to unapproved apps. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1496,"content":1497},{},[1498],{"nodeType":502,"value":1499,"marks":1500,"data":1501},"Push makes the Monitor → Acknowledge → Block progression practical through automatic app categorization. This means that new AI tools inherit whatever governance mode the team has set for that category, without manual blocklist updates. All controls are configurable per user group — the data science team can use AI coding assistants while uploads from finance are restricted — because different teams have different risk profiles.",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":1503,"content":1507},{"target":1504},{"sys":1505},{"id":1506,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"5EBOHy6X6iJfmzJ65txGOv",[],{"nodeType":1086,"data":1509,"content":1513},{"target":1510},{"sys":1511},{"id":1512,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"31JnX2KNCAnlaVS9Qqqh8W",[],{"nodeType":1095,"data":1515,"content":1516},{},[],{"nodeType":1099,"data":1518,"content":1519},{},[1520],{"nodeType":502,"value":1521,"marks":1522,"data":1524},"Guardrails: how to prevent data loss to AI tools",[1523],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1526,"content":1527},{},[1528],{"nodeType":502,"value":1529,"marks":1530,"data":1531},"Even on the paved path, you need guardrails because preventing data loss to AI tools is a separate problem from controlling which tools employees use. An employee on an approved AI tool can still paste an AWS access key into a prompt, upload a customer spreadsheet, or share confidential documents in a conversation.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1533,"content":1534},{},[1535,1538,1547],{"nodeType":502,"value":21,"marks":1536,"data":1537},[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":1539,"content":1540},{"uri":1006},[1541],{"nodeType":502,"value":1542,"marks":1543,"data":1546},"Okta's data",[1544],{"type":1545},"underline",{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1548,"marks":1549,"data":1550}," on what employees actually share shows what’s at stake: 54% share internal messages and emails with AI tools, 39% share confidential company documents, and 28% share banking and payment information.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1552,"content":1553},{},[1554],{"nodeType":502,"value":1555,"marks":1556,"data":1557},"Blocking is too much of a blunt instrument here, as obviously, you want employees to be able to use approved tools. The answer is controlling what data enters them.",[],{},{"nodeType":1402,"data":1559,"content":1560},{},[1561],{"nodeType":502,"value":1562,"marks":1563,"data":1565},"Browser-layer controls for AI data leakage",[1564],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1567,"content":1568},{},[1569],{"nodeType":502,"value":1570,"marks":1571,"data":1572},"Push addresses this problem with four browser-layer data controls, each targeting a distinct exfiltration path and supporting the same Monitor → Warn → Block enforcement modes:",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1574,"content":1575},{},[1576,1581],{"nodeType":502,"value":1577,"marks":1578,"data":1580},"Clipboard blocking",[1579],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1582,"marks":1583,"data":1584}," addresses the most common path for sensitive data into AI tools: copy-paste. Push matches clipboard content against preconfigured patterns for AWS access keys, GitHub tokens, API keys, credit card numbers, and personal identifiers, plus custom content rules for organization-specific data like internal project codes. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1586,"content":1587},{},[1588,1592,1597],{"nodeType":502,"value":1589,"marks":1590,"data":1591},"In ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1593,"marks":1594,"data":1596},"Warn",[1595],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1598,"marks":1599,"data":1600}," mode, Push offers a redacted version of the sensitive data so the employee can continue their work — getting help with their code, for instance — without exposing the actual credential.",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":1602,"content":1606},{"target":1603},{"sys":1604},{"id":1605,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"1JarUdbe8AkJlgB0LjchNR",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":1608,"content":1609},{},[1610,1615],{"nodeType":502,"value":1611,"marks":1612,"data":1614},"File upload blocking",[1613],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1616,"marks":1617,"data":1618}," prevents files from being uploaded to specific AI apps, configurable by app, user group, and file type (Push provides a list for fast configuration).",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1620,"content":1621},{},[1622,1627,1631,1640,1644,1649],{"nodeType":502,"value":1623,"marks":1624,"data":1626},"File download blocking",[1625],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1628,"marks":1629,"data":1630}," addresses a different common risk: Employees downloading desktop versions of AI tools, which moves usage outside the browser where Push has visibility. Download blocking also covers files generated inside web applications, such as an AI tool that produces a downloadable asset. (Push’s detection and response capabilities also protect against scenarios in which attackers present users with ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":1632,"content":1634},{"uri":1633},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/llmshare-malvertising-campaign",[1635],{"nodeType":502,"value":1636,"marks":1637,"data":1639},"faked AI tool download pages",[1638],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1641,"marks":1642,"data":1643}," as part of phishing campaigns, a technique we dubbed ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1645,"marks":1646,"data":1648},"LLMShare",[1647],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1650,"marks":1651,"data":1652},".)",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1654,"content":1655},{},[1656],{"nodeType":502,"value":1657,"marks":1658,"data":1659},"Push also provides telemetry streams on all file upload and download events in your environment, so you can get a baseline pattern of life and identify anomalies that could indicate insider risk. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1661,"content":1662},{},[1663,1667,1672],{"nodeType":502,"value":1664,"marks":1665,"data":1666},"The Push platform also provides the capability to write your own ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1668,"marks":1669,"data":1671},"custom detections",[1670],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1673,"marks":1674,"data":1675},", which you can use for other organization-specific use cases, or even to extend your control over GenAI tool usage, such as by blocking unapproved MCP server connections.",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":1677,"content":1681},{"target":1678},{"sys":1679},{"id":1680,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"5XYVgJjgUPUfY1W1Zcgrvm",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":1683,"content":1684},{},[1685,1689,1694],{"nodeType":502,"value":1686,"marks":1687,"data":1688},"Finally, ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1690,"marks":1691,"data":1693},"AI conversation visibility",[1692],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":1695,"marks":1696,"data":1697}," gives you a window into what is being shared in AI chats, consumable as a stream of events to your SIEM or SOAR. Over time, you can build up a picture of what’s normal or what violates company policy, and create a queryable history to identify potential data loss during an incident response process.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1699,"content":1700},{},[1701],{"nodeType":502,"value":1702,"marks":1703,"data":1704},"Traditional DLP at the endpoint or network layer misses these paths. Network DLP and SWGs can't inspect clipboard pastes into AI prompts — there's no network event to intercept. Endpoint DLP sees file-system operations but not in-browser activity. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1706,"content":1707},{},[1708],{"nodeType":502,"value":1709,"marks":1710,"data":1711},"Push's controls operate where the data is flowing — inside the browser session.",[],{},{"nodeType":1095,"data":1713,"content":1714},{},[],{"nodeType":1402,"data":1716,"content":1717},{},[1718],{"nodeType":502,"value":1719,"marks":1720,"data":1722},"How to keep up with AI tool sprawl",[1721],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1724,"content":1725},{},[1726],{"nodeType":502,"value":1727,"marks":1728,"data":1729},"Pragmatically, the hardest part of generative AI security isn't the initial steps you take — it's keeping up with the sprawl. Point-in-time audits quickly become outdated when the landscape changes so quickly.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1731,"content":1732},{},[1733],{"nodeType":502,"value":1734,"marks":1735,"data":1736},"Push addresses this with continuous discovery, telemetry streams for the most important points of user interaction with AI apps, and controls that allow you to adapt quickly with simple configuration changes.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1738,"content":1739},{},[1740],{"nodeType":502,"value":1741,"marks":1742,"data":1743},"With automatic app categorization, if an employee starts using a new AI code assistant that didn't exist last quarter, Push discovers it, classifies it, and applies your governance rules — no manual intervention required.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1745,"content":1746},{},[1747],{"nodeType":502,"value":1748,"marks":1749,"data":1750},"All AI-related telemetry — app logins, file uploads and downloads, clipboard events, browser extensions, AI chat transcripts — can be sent as structured data to your SIEM.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1752,"content":1753},{},[1754],{"nodeType":502,"value":1755,"marks":1756,"data":1757},"This gives you all the information you need to track your progress, check your compliance status, and identify trends in AI usage and risk across your business as you make progress toward your goal, armed with the right data you didn't have before.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1759,"content":1760},{},[1761],{"nodeType":502,"value":1762,"marks":1763,"data":1764},"The goal isn't perfect control over every AI interaction. It's having enough visibility to make informed decisions and enough control to enforce them, without intensifying the shadow AI usage problem you set out to solve. Push can help you get there.",[],{},{"nodeType":1095,"data":1766,"content":1767},{},[],{"nodeType":951,"data":1769,"content":1770},{},[1771],{"nodeType":502,"value":1772,"marks":1773,"data":1774},"Push Security is the most powerful AI-native security tool in the browser. Think EDR, but for the browser — high-fidelity telemetry and real-time control across every session, on every device, with no browser migration required.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1776,"content":1777},{},[1778],{"nodeType":502,"value":1779,"marks":1780,"data":1781},"Security teams use Push to detect and stop advanced browser-based attacks like AiTM phishing, ClickFix, and session hijacking; gain visibility and control over AI tool usage across their workforce; harden identities by surfacing credential reuse, SSO gaps, and shadow IT; and support data loss and insider investigations with browser-layer telemetry that other tools can't see.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1783,"content":1784},{},[1785,1788,1797],{"nodeType":502,"value":21,"marks":1786,"data":1787},[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":1789,"content":1791},{"uri":1790},"https://pushsecurity.com/demo",[1792],{"nodeType":502,"value":1793,"marks":1794,"data":1796},"Book a live demo to learn more.",[1795],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":21,"marks":1798,"data":1799},[],{},{"entries":1801},{"hyperlink":1802,"inline":1803,"block":1804},[],[],[1805,1812,1821,1828,1866,1873,1880,1886,1893,1920,1928,1942,1948],{"sys":1806,"__typename":1807,"type":1808,"ctaText":1809,"buttonLabel":1810,"buttonColour":1811,"buttonUrl":58},{"id":1090},"CtaWidget","Custom","Don't miss our upcoming webinar on Shadow AI and how to manage it in your organization.","Register Now","sunny orange",{"sys":1813,"__typename":1814,"title":1815,"caption":1816,"layoutMode":59,"file":1817},{"id":1130},"Image","ai-sprawl-infographic","AI sprawl is worse than most organizations realize. ",{"url":1818,"width":1819,"height":1820},"https://images.ctfassets.net/y1cdw1ablpvd/7vCbQdyRkjLs5EmsjBBAQp/3bfb13e7ec19be76325cdc69297c48c3/ai-sprawl-infographic_2x__3_.png",1800,1192,{"sys":1822,"__typename":1814,"title":1823,"caption":1823,"layoutMode":59,"file":1824},{"id":1148},"Shadow AI visibility gaps using traditional tools",{"url":1825,"width":1826,"height":1827},"https://images.ctfassets.net/y1cdw1ablpvd/7HQl2qfsTiCwa2pRzCVqDE/d87180dd96358326097565d8a60e8591/image9.png",1999,1125,{"sys":1829,"__typename":1830,"content":1831,"name":1865,"title":59},{"id":1166},"InsightTextBlockComponent",{"json":1832},{"data":1833,"content":1834,"nodeType":947},{},[1835],{"data":1836,"content":1837,"nodeType":951},{},[1838,1842,1849,1853,1861],{"data":1839,"marks":1840,"value":1841,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Attackers are already exploiting this interconnectivity — from ",{"data":1843,"content":1844,"nodeType":973},{"uri":1633},[1845],{"data":1846,"marks":1847,"value":1848,"nodeType":502},{},[],"malvertising campaigns that impersonate AI tools",{"data":1850,"marks":1851,"value":1852,"nodeType":502},{},[]," to steal credentials, to ",{"data":1854,"content":1856,"nodeType":973},{"uri":1855},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/analyzing-the-instructure-breach",[1857],{"data":1858,"marks":1859,"value":1860,"nodeType":502},{},[],"leveraging OAuth consent grants in supply chain attacks",{"data":1862,"marks":1863,"value":1864,"nodeType":502},{},[],". ","Shadow AI guide IB3",{"sys":1867,"__typename":1814,"title":1868,"caption":1868,"layoutMode":59,"file":1869},{"id":1277},"Push automatically discovers and inventories AI apps from browser login events.",{"url":1870,"width":1871,"height":1872},"https://images.ctfassets.net/y1cdw1ablpvd/5krEecjMxIJgVCa74A79xa/3bb94ca3b496e9486f94526d708e34d5/image8.png",1469,850,{"sys":1874,"__typename":1814,"title":1875,"caption":1875,"layoutMode":59,"file":1876},{"id":1322},"Push discovers AI browser extensions used by your users, across every browser.",{"url":1877,"width":1878,"height":1879},"https://images.ctfassets.net/y1cdw1ablpvd/14lMFifCBB9RwQpt101tNd/dabe2713e58e787175701ec0d35076ca/image2.png",1470,851,{"sys":1881,"__typename":1814,"title":1882,"caption":1882,"layoutMode":59,"file":1883},{"id":1381},"Push's four-step path to secure AI adoption",{"url":1884,"width":1826,"height":1885},"https://images.ctfassets.net/y1cdw1ablpvd/E1wuJW4EzmjeLTpnHHM9f/895569f4b215b1b7b82e697c40462cbc/image3.png",1013,{"sys":1887,"__typename":1814,"title":1888,"caption":1888,"layoutMode":59,"file":1889},{"id":1468},"Push in-browser warning screen guiding the user toward the preferred AI app",{"url":1890,"width":1891,"height":1892},"https://images.ctfassets.net/y1cdw1ablpvd/3ouLBkKhiEcBmY8V2XAaUz/71a3cb221adba7d2744ff8b02bab3891/image4.png",1435,738,{"sys":1894,"__typename":1830,"content":1895,"name":1919,"title":59},{"id":1481},{"json":1896},{"data":1897,"content":1898,"nodeType":947},{},[1899],{"data":1900,"content":1901,"nodeType":951},{},[1902,1906,1915],{"data":1903,"marks":1904,"value":1905,"nodeType":502},{},[],"“A published policy is not the same thing as people actually doing that,” explains Push customer Stephen Shkardoon, cybersecurity manager at Te Herenga Waka — Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand, on one of the drivers for their ",{"data":1907,"content":1909,"nodeType":973},{"uri":1908},"https://pushsecurity.com/customer-stories/te-herenga-waka-victoria-university-of-wellington",[1910],{"data":1911,"marks":1912,"value":1914,"nodeType":502},{},[1913],{"type":1545},"selection of Push Security",{"data":1916,"marks":1917,"value":1918,"nodeType":502},{},[]," to get control of AI usage at their organization.","Shadow AI guide IB1",{"sys":1921,"__typename":1814,"title":1922,"caption":1923,"layoutMode":59,"file":1924},{"id":1506},"Rules for AI app controls can be configured on a variety of conditions, including user groups, app attributes, and what mode of enforcement you wish to use.","Rules for AI app controls can be configured on a variety of conditions, including user groups, app attributes, and the mode of enforcement.",{"url":1925,"width":1926,"height":1927},"https://images.ctfassets.net/y1cdw1ablpvd/7czh28QGwm0ZStUmeWXBaq/667ee2441911fa4006a2ec75ebf727ea/image6.png",692,830,{"sys":1929,"__typename":1830,"content":1930,"name":1941,"title":59},{"id":1512},{"json":1931},{"data":1932,"content":1933,"nodeType":947},{},[1934],{"data":1935,"content":1936,"nodeType":951},{},[1937],{"data":1938,"marks":1939,"value":1940,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push customers love the flexibility of this control compared to an SWG or CASB, which often rely on binary enforcement at the domain level only. ","Shadow AI guide IB2",{"sys":1943,"__typename":1814,"title":1944,"caption":1944,"layoutMode":59,"file":1945},{"id":1605},"Push blocks clipboard copy events that violate your policy.",{"url":1946,"width":1826,"height":1947},"https://images.ctfassets.net/y1cdw1ablpvd/jjUt4bChHcCWQJXqNzyQ8/c16974d72ef2bbc65689bf46bcb59e6f/image5.png",1295,{"sys":1949,"__typename":1814,"title":1950,"caption":1950,"layoutMode":59,"file":1951},{"id":1680},"Push can block unapproved MCP connection requests in real time.",{"url":1952,"width":1826,"height":1953},"https://images.ctfassets.net/y1cdw1ablpvd/wTAwk90bIA1B3XSkRf4M4/e4d3630af83501e6b4b05217fdf2e600/image1.png",1203,"json",{"items":1956},[1957,1970,1983,2003,2023,2043,2063,2083,2103,2123],{"answer":1958,"question":1969},{"json":1959},{"nodeType":947,"data":1960,"content":1961},{},[1962],{"nodeType":951,"data":1963,"content":1964},{},[1965],{"nodeType":502,"value":1966,"marks":1967,"data":1968},"Network monitoring tools see domain-level traffic but can't tell you what's actually happening inside an AI session — whether an employee is browsing a tool's marketing page or pasting source code into a prompt. IdP logs capture OAuth grants routed through the identity provider but miss AI tools accessed via direct signup or personal accounts. Browser-based security tools like Push Security monitor AI activity where it actually happens: inside the browser session. Push captures login events, clipboard pastes, file uploads, extension installations, and OAuth grants, providing structured telemetry on what data is moving into which AI tools, through which accounts, and whether those accounts are corporate or personal.",[],{},"How do you monitor what employees are doing with AI tools?",{"answer":1971,"question":1982},{"json":1972},{"nodeType":947,"data":1973,"content":1974},{},[1975],{"nodeType":951,"data":1976,"content":1977},{},[1978],{"nodeType":502,"value":1979,"marks":1980,"data":1981},"Binary allow/block decisions — whether enforced through a SWG, CASB, or enterprise browser — treat every AI interaction as equivalent, which pushes employees toward tools you can't see at all. Graduated enforcement offers a middle path. Push Security lets teams start with monitoring to build an accurate picture of AI usage, then introduce in-browser prompts that explain why a tool hasn't been approved and direct employees toward sanctioned alternatives, before applying hard blocks only where the data sensitivity or tool risk justifies it. Controls are configurable per user group, and new AI tools automatically inherit governance rules through automatic categorization — so enforcement keeps pace with the landscape without manual blocklist updates.",[],{},"How do you restrict AI usage without blocking everything?",{"answer":1984,"question":2002},{"json":1985},{"nodeType":947,"data":1986,"content":1987},{},[1988,1995],{"nodeType":951,"data":1989,"content":1990},{},[1991],{"nodeType":502,"value":1992,"marks":1993,"data":1994},"Network monitoring tools, IdP logs, and endpoint agents each catch a slice of shadow AI but miss entire categories. SWGs see domain traffic but can't confirm whether someone authenticated or what they did after login. IdPs capture OAuth grants routed through the identity provider but miss AI tools accessed via direct signup or personal accounts. EDR is blind to browser-layer activity entirely. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":1996,"content":1997},{},[1998],{"nodeType":502,"value":1999,"marks":2000,"data":2001},"Browser-based security tools like Push Security identify AI tools from actual login events, catching the four categories other tools miss: unapproved AI apps, personal accounts on approved tools, AI browser extensions with broad permissions, and OAuth integrations granting persistent API access to corporate systems. Each discovered app is automatically categorized and enriched with authentication context — SSO vs. password, MFA status, corporate vs. personal account — so security teams can assess actual risk rather than treating every AI tool as equivalent.",[],{},"How do you discover what AI tools employees are using?",{"answer":2004,"question":2022},{"json":2005},{"nodeType":947,"data":2006,"content":2007},{},[2008,2015],{"nodeType":951,"data":2009,"content":2010},{},[2011],{"nodeType":502,"value":2012,"marks":2013,"data":2014},"This is a gap that traditional DLP architectures weren't designed for. Network DLP and SWGs can't intercept clipboard pastes into AI prompts because there's no network event to inspect — the data moves from the clipboard to the browser DOM without crossing the wire. Endpoint DLP sees file-system operations but not in-browser activity. Browser-based controls operate where the paste actually happens. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":2016,"content":2017},{},[2018],{"nodeType":502,"value":2019,"marks":2020,"data":2021},"Push Security matches clipboard content against patterns for credentials, API keys, credit card numbers, and custom content rules, then offers the employee a redacted version so they can continue working without exposing the actual sensitive data. The same approach extends to file uploads and downloads, covering the exfiltration paths that network and endpoint DLP leave open.",[],{},"How do you prevent sensitive data from being pasted into AI tools?",{"answer":2024,"question":2042},{"json":2025},{"nodeType":947,"data":2026,"content":2027},{},[2028,2035],{"nodeType":951,"data":2029,"content":2030},{},[2031],{"nodeType":502,"value":2032,"marks":2033,"data":2034},"Policy documents distributed during onboarding don't change behavior at the moment someone reaches for an unapproved AI tool. SWGs can block a domain, but they can't explain why or point to an approved alternative — the employee sees an error page. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":2036,"content":2037},{},[2038],{"nodeType":502,"value":2039,"marks":2040,"data":2041},"Enterprise browsers like Push Security can deliver policy enforcement at the point of decision: when an employee navigates to an unsanctioned AI tool, an in-browser message explains why the tool hasn't been approved and directs them to approved alternatives. Controls are configurable per user group — and new AI tools automatically inherit governance rules through automatic categorization, without manual blocklist updates.",[],{},"How do you enforce an AI acceptable use policy in real time?",{"answer":2044,"question":2062},{"json":2045},{"nodeType":947,"data":2046,"content":2047},{},[2048,2055],{"nodeType":951,"data":2049,"content":2050},{},[2051],{"nodeType":502,"value":2052,"marks":2053,"data":2054},"No single traditional tool covers all aspects of shadow AI (apps, tenants, integrations, extensions) and the user interaction with those categories of tool. SWGs and CASBs see domain-level traffic but can't identify personal account usage, extension activity, or clipboard pastes into AI prompts. IdPs capture federated logins but miss direct signups and personal accounts entirely. EDR doesn't see browser-layer activity. DSPM monitors data at rest in cloud storage but not data in motion through browser sessions. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":2056,"content":2057},{},[2058],{"nodeType":502,"value":2059,"marks":2060,"data":2061},"Most organizations will need browser-layer visibility alongside their existing stack — not as a replacement, but to close the gaps those tools weren't designed to address. Tools like Push Security operate at the layer where AI activity actually happens, covering all shadow AI categories with graduated enforcement (monitor, warn, block), per-user-group policies, and telemetry on authentication methods, clipboard events, file uploads, and OAuth grants. ",[],{},"What tools do you need to manage shadow AI?",{"answer":2064,"question":2082},{"json":2065},{"nodeType":947,"data":2066,"content":2067},{},[2068,2075],{"nodeType":951,"data":2069,"content":2070},{},[2071],{"nodeType":502,"value":2072,"marks":2073,"data":2074},"AI browser extensions are a blind spot for most security stacks. Endpoint management tools may detect that an extension is installed but typically can't evaluate what permissions it has requested or whether those permissions create data exfiltration risk. SWGs and CASBs don't see extension activity at all — extensions operate within the browser, not over the network. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":2076,"content":2077},{},[2078],{"nodeType":502,"value":2079,"marks":2080,"data":2081},"Push Security inventories every AI-related extension installed across the workforce, surfaces the specific permissions each extension has requested (access to page content, browsing history, clipboard data), and identifies permission combinations that could enable account takeover or data exfiltration. Security teams can then apply monitor, warn, or block enforcement to extension categories — and new extensions automatically inherit governance rules without maintaining manual allowlists that go stale as new AI extensions appear daily.",[],{},"How do I stop employees installing AI browser extensions?",{"answer":2084,"question":2102},{"json":2085},{"nodeType":947,"data":2086,"content":2087},{},[2088,2095],{"nodeType":951,"data":2089,"content":2090},{},[2091],{"nodeType":502,"value":2092,"marks":2093,"data":2094},"Point-in-time audits — whether run through an IdP, a CASB, or manual surveys — tell you what was true when you ran them. AI tool adoption changes weekly; Gartner projects 150,000 AI agents per Fortune 500 enterprise by 2028. SWGs can log new domains but can't classify them or apply governance rules automatically. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":2096,"content":2097},{},[2098],{"nodeType":502,"value":2099,"marks":2100,"data":2101},"Push Security discovers new AI tools as employees start using them: when someone logs in to a new AI app, Push identifies it from the login event, automatically categorizes it, and applies the organization's existing governance rules without manual intervention. All AI-related telemetry — app access, file uploads, clipboard events, extension activity — streams as structured data to the customer's SIEM, providing the material for governance dashboards and compliance reporting that stays current as the landscape shifts.",[],{},"How do you get visibility into AI tool sprawl?",{"answer":2104,"question":2122},{"json":2105},{"nodeType":947,"data":2106,"content":2107},{},[2108,2115],{"nodeType":951,"data":2109,"content":2110},{},[2111],{"nodeType":502,"value":2112,"marks":2113,"data":2114},"AI visibility means knowing which AI tools employees are using, how they're accessing them, and what data flows into those tools. AI control is the ability to enforce rules on that usage — blocking unapproved tools, restricting data flows, requiring approved accounts. AI governance is the broader program that encompasses both: defining acceptable use policies, establishing risk frameworks for evaluating new tools, and building the organizational processes that turn visibility and control into sustained security outcomes. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":2116,"content":2117},{},[2118],{"nodeType":502,"value":2119,"marks":2120,"data":2121},"Most organizations that struggle with AI governance have a visibility problem first — they're trying to write policies for tools they don't know their employees are using. But visibility without control is just watching the problem happen. Push Security provides both: discovery and monitoring across all four categories of shadow AI, plus graduated enforcement controls that let you apply different responses based on the risk profile of each tool, account, and data flow, at the point of interaction in the browser for real-time enforcement.",[],{},"What is the difference between AI governance, AI visibility, and AI control?",{"answer":2124,"question":2142},{"json":2125},{"nodeType":947,"data":2126,"content":2127},{},[2128,2135],{"nodeType":951,"data":2129,"content":2130},{},[2131],{"nodeType":502,"value":2132,"marks":2133,"data":2134},"Data Security Posture Management (DSPM) tools monitor data at rest in cloud storage and SaaS applications, identifying misconfigurations, overly permissive access, and sensitive data exposure. They don't monitor data in motion through browser sessions — which is the primary path for shadow AI risk. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":2136,"content":2137},{},[2138],{"nodeType":502,"value":2139,"marks":2140,"data":2141},"When an employee pastes source code into an AI prompt or uploads a customer spreadsheet to an unapproved AI tool, that data movement happens entirely inside the browser and never touches the cloud storage layer that DSPM tools monitor. DSPM and browser security are complementary: DSPM secures data where it is stored, while browser-layer tools like Push Security secure data where it moves.",[],{},"Does Data Security Posture Management (DSPM) prevent shadow AI?","Shadow AI discovery and governance: Frequently asked questions",{},"How to discover AI, enforce policies, and prevent data loss","2026-08-13T00:00:00.000Z",{"items":2148},[2149,2834,3719],{"__typename":2150,"sys":2151,"content":2153,"title":2812,"synopsis":2813,"hashTags":59,"publishedDate":2814,"slug":2815,"tagsCollection":2816,"authorsCollection":2826},"BlogPosts",{"id":2152},"4NY2NbkAPucFOJY45yrrrE",{"json":2154},{"data":2155,"content":2156,"nodeType":947},{},[2157,2164,2171,2178,2184,2187,2195,2202,2235,2242,2267,2273,2276,2284,2291,2299,2343,2349,2356,2361,2364,2372,2379,2387,2394,2401,2417,2425,2450,2457,2463,2470,2478,2493,2521,2527,2545,2551,2559,2566,2591,2598,2605,2612,2618,2621,2629,2636,2643,2662,2670,2677,2685,2708,2720,2726,2729,2737,2744,2751,2758,2778,2781,2787,2793],{"data":2158,"content":2159,"nodeType":951},{},[2160],{"data":2161,"marks":2162,"value":2163,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Employees have been self-adopting apps, creating unmanaged accounts, and introducing third-party software dependencies into their organizations for years, and the core problem hasn't changed: unmanaged software expanding your attack surface without your knowledge.",{"data":2165,"content":2166,"nodeType":951},{},[2167],{"data":2168,"marks":2169,"value":2170,"nodeType":502},{},[],"But the rate at which employees are signing up for AI tools is unprecedented, and the depth of interconnectivity those tools demand is fundamentally different from traditional shadow SaaS. ",{"data":2172,"content":2173,"nodeType":951},{},[2174],{"data":2175,"marks":2176,"value":2177,"nodeType":502},{},[],"AI tools aren't just standalone apps that employees sign into — they're increasingly used as agents that drive other applications, pulling data from one platform, acting on another — they are becoming a core that other apps are integrating to, and that users are integrating with their wider SaaS stack. It’s becoming a focal integration point for app access and functionality in a way that's more comparable to an enterprise cloud platform than a typical SaaS tool. ",{"data":2179,"content":2183,"nodeType":1086},{"target":2180},{"sys":2181},{"id":2182,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"2Vxb48M5JN9Jdy8BG6nbUJ",[],{"data":2185,"content":2186,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":2188,"content":2189,"nodeType":1099},{},[2190],{"data":2191,"marks":2192,"value":2194,"nodeType":502},{},[2193],{"type":989},"What is shadow AI? A quick 101",{"data":2196,"content":2197,"nodeType":951},{},[2198],{"data":2199,"marks":2200,"value":2201,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Shadow AI is any use of AI tools, services, or integrations that happens outside an organization's security governance and visibility. Shadow AI risks cut in two directions:",{"data":2203,"content":2204,"nodeType":1031},{},[2205,2220],{"data":2206,"content":2207,"nodeType":1035},{},[2208],{"data":2209,"content":2210,"nodeType":951},{},[2211,2216],{"data":2212,"marks":2213,"value":2215,"nodeType":502},{},[2214],{"type":989},"Data exposure:",{"data":2217,"marks":2218,"value":2219,"nodeType":502},{},[]," source code, credentials, internal documents, and customer data routinely get pasted into AI prompts or uploaded as context, and once shared, that data is outside the organization's control. ",{"data":2221,"content":2222,"nodeType":1035},{},[2223],{"data":2224,"content":2225,"nodeType":951},{},[2226,2231],{"data":2227,"marks":2228,"value":2230,"nodeType":502},{},[2229],{"type":989},"Attack surface:",{"data":2232,"marks":2233,"value":2234,"nodeType":502},{},[]," Every shadow AI app is an unmanaged identity with credentials that can be phished or stuffed, OAuth grants that give persistent API access to corporate systems, and browser extensions that can be compromised in supply chain attacks. ",{"data":2236,"content":2237,"nodeType":951},{},[2238],{"data":2239,"marks":2240,"value":2241,"nodeType":502},{},[],"AI tools increasingly function as hubs, connected via OAuth and MCP to email, cloud storage, code repositories, and other high-value systems. Every app connection an employee grants turns that AI tool into a node in a web of interconnected services, which means the more you hook in, the larger the attack surface across all the connected apps — and the greater the blast radius if the account used to access the AI tool is compromised.",{"data":2243,"content":2244,"nodeType":951},{},[2245,2249,2255,2258,2264],{"data":2246,"marks":2247,"value":2248,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Each integration creates a persistent trust relationship that survives password resets and MFA changes. Compromise a single AI app and an attacker inherits whatever access the employee granted it, turning one ungoverned tool into a pivot point across the SaaS estate. Attackers are already exploiting this interconnectivity — from ",{"data":2250,"content":2251,"nodeType":973},{"uri":1633},[2252],{"data":2253,"marks":2254,"value":1848,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":2256,"marks":2257,"value":1852,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":2259,"content":2260,"nodeType":973},{"uri":1855},[2261],{"data":2262,"marks":2263,"value":1860,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":2265,"marks":2266,"value":1864,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":2268,"content":2272,"nodeType":1086},{"target":2269},{"sys":2270},{"id":2271,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"1BWCa7AHCMlYw7XgPLx3h7",[],{"data":2274,"content":2275,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":2277,"content":2278,"nodeType":1099},{},[2279],{"data":2280,"marks":2281,"value":2283,"nodeType":502},{},[2282],{"type":989},"The state of shadow AI, using Push data",{"data":2285,"content":2286,"nodeType":951},{},[2287],{"data":2288,"marks":2289,"value":2290,"nodeType":502},{},[],"We analyzed a snapshot of AI activity across Push customers during an average week in April 2026. We wanted to make sure it captured actual activity, not just historical data on apps that were added once and no longer used.",{"data":2292,"content":2293,"nodeType":951},{},[2294],{"data":2295,"marks":2296,"value":2298,"nodeType":502},{},[2297],{"type":989},"The numbers paint a picture that most security teams will find uncomfortable.",{"data":2300,"content":2301,"nodeType":951},{},[2302,2306,2311,2315,2320,2324,2329,2333,2339],{"data":2303,"marks":2304,"value":2305,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The average organization has ",{"data":2307,"marks":2308,"value":2310,"nodeType":502},{},[2309],{"type":989},"16 unique AI apps",{"data":2312,"marks":2313,"value":2314,"nodeType":502},{},[]," in active use, ",{"data":2316,"marks":2317,"value":2319,"nodeType":502},{},[2318],{"type":989},"17 unique AI browser extensions",{"data":2321,"marks":2322,"value":2323,"nodeType":502},{},[],", and ",{"data":2325,"marks":2326,"value":2328,"nodeType":502},{},[2327],{"type":989},"17 unique AI OAuth integrations",{"data":2330,"marks":2331,"value":2332,"nodeType":502},{},[]," connected into just Google Workspace and Microsoft 365 — with some organizations reaching as high as 40 unique AI apps, 163 AI extensions, and 55 OAuth connections to AI apps respectively. At the other end, the smallest organization with the ",{"data":2334,"marks":2335,"value":2338,"nodeType":502},{},[2336],{"type":2337},"italic","lowest",{"data":2340,"marks":2341,"value":2342,"nodeType":502},{},[]," adoption level is actively using two. ",{"data":2344,"content":2348,"nodeType":1086},{"target":2345},{"sys":2346},{"id":2347,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"2AfeiHub5kyZN8wuf6CJch",[],{"data":2350,"content":2351,"nodeType":951},{},[2352],{"data":2353,"marks":2354,"value":2355,"nodeType":502},{},[],"If most organizations have sanctioned one or two core AI assistants/platforms for business use, the gap between what's approved and what's actually happening is significant.",{"data":2357,"content":2360,"nodeType":1086},{"target":2358},{"sys":2359},{"id":1130,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},[],{"data":2362,"content":2363,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":2365,"content":2366,"nodeType":1099},{},[2367],{"data":2368,"marks":2369,"value":2371,"nodeType":502},{},[2370],{"type":989},"Understanding the four categories of shadow AI",{"data":2373,"content":2374,"nodeType":951},{},[2375],{"data":2376,"marks":2377,"value":2378,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Shadow SaaS has always been a problem, but in the context of AI apps there are four categories of shadow IT that security teams need to understand, because each one introduces a different kind of risk and requires a different approach to tackling it.",{"data":2380,"content":2381,"nodeType":1402},{},[2382],{"data":2383,"marks":2384,"value":2386,"nodeType":502},{},[2385],{"type":989},"Shadow AI apps",{"data":2388,"content":2389,"nodeType":951},{},[2390],{"data":2391,"marks":2392,"value":2393,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Shadow apps are AI tools that employees have signed up to and are using for business purposes without approval. This is the most visible dimension of the problem, and the one most people think of when they hear \"shadow AI\" — an employee pastes sensitive internal documents into ChatGPT, uploads confidential files to an AI assistant, or uses an unapproved coding tool to generate production code.",{"data":2395,"content":2396,"nodeType":951},{},[2397],{"data":2398,"marks":2399,"value":2400,"nodeType":502},{},[],"All of that is sensitive data leaving the organization through channels the security team can't see - and often accessible using personal accounts that can be compromised on personal devices or workstations. ",{"data":2402,"content":2403,"nodeType":951},{},[2404,2408,2413],{"data":2405,"marks":2406,"value":2407,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The 2026 DBIR's data loss prevention analysis underscores the scale — shadow AI is now the ",{"data":2409,"marks":2410,"value":2412,"nodeType":502},{},[2411],{"type":989},"third most common non-malicious insider action",{"data":2414,"marks":2415,"value":2416,"nodeType":502},{},[]," in DLP data, a 4x increase year-over-year. Across 858,000+ DLP events targeting GenAI tools, the most common data types being submitted were source code (28%), images (16%), structured data (14%), documents (13%), and PDFs (10%). That's not employees asking ChatGPT to fix their grammar — it's core intellectual property, production code, and internal documentation flowing into platforms the security team has no visibility into. But shadow apps themselves are only the most obvious part of the problem.",{"data":2418,"content":2419,"nodeType":1402},{},[2420],{"data":2421,"marks":2422,"value":2424,"nodeType":502},{},[2423],{"type":989},"Shadow tenants",{"data":2426,"content":2427,"nodeType":951},{},[2428,2432,2437,2441,2446],{"data":2429,"marks":2430,"value":2431,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Even when an organization has approved an AI tool — say, an enterprise ChatGPT deployment — employees frequently access the same app with personal accounts, creating shadow tenants that sit entirely outside organizational control. The DBIR found that ",{"data":2433,"marks":2434,"value":2436,"nodeType":502},{},[2435],{"type":989},"67% of GenAI users on corporate devices are using non-corporate accounts",{"data":2438,"marks":2439,"value":2440,"nodeType":502},{},[],", and our own data shows that ",{"data":2442,"marks":2443,"value":2445,"nodeType":502},{},[2444],{"type":989},"38% of file uploads to AI tools are made from shadow accounts",{"data":2447,"marks":2448,"value":2449,"nodeType":502},{},[]," rather than approved organizational ones.",{"data":2451,"content":2452,"nodeType":951},{},[2453],{"data":2454,"marks":2455,"value":2456,"nodeType":502},{},[],"When an organization approves Claude, ChatGPT, or another core AI platform, you typically also approve the OAuth integration and browser extension for core apps (e.g. M365, Google Workspace, and so on). When that integration is approved, it is approved for all tenants — not just your corporate tenant. ",{"data":2458,"content":2462,"nodeType":1086},{"target":2459},{"sys":2460},{"id":2461,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"3Rvw0n28AYIM3FQXtHyafD",[],{"data":2464,"content":2465,"nodeType":951},{},[2466],{"data":2467,"marks":2468,"value":2469,"nodeType":502},{},[],"This means that even if you've deployed enterprise controls around your sanctioned AI tools — DLP policies, retention settings, admin oversight — more than a third of the file uploads hitting AI tools are bypassing those controls entirely because they're happening through personal accounts on corporate devices.",{"data":2471,"content":2472,"nodeType":1402},{},[2473],{"data":2474,"marks":2475,"value":2477,"nodeType":502},{},[2476],{"type":989},"Shadow extensions",{"data":2479,"content":2480,"nodeType":951},{},[2481,2485,2489],{"data":2482,"marks":2483,"value":2484,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Many AI tools come with a browser extension counterpart, and there's a large ecosystem of third-party AI extensions that offer everything from writing assistance to automated data extraction. The average organization in our dataset has ",{"data":2486,"marks":2487,"value":2319,"nodeType":502},{},[2488],{"type":989},{"data":2490,"marks":2491,"value":2492,"nodeType":502},{},[]," deployed across its workforce, with the highest we observed reaching 163 — and since each of those average 17 different extensions may be installed by multiple employees, the actual number of individual extension installs across the organization is much higher still.",{"data":2494,"content":2495,"nodeType":951},{},[2496,2500,2508,2512,2517],{"data":2497,"marks":2498,"value":2499,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The extension dimension is particularly concerning because most extensions operate with significant privilege inside the browser — they can read and modify page content, access cookies and session tokens, and interact with virtually every web application an employee uses. As we detailed in our recent analysis of ",{"data":2501,"content":2503,"nodeType":973},{"uri":2502},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/why-browser-extension-risk-scoring-wont-predict-your-next-breach/",[2504],{"data":2505,"marks":2506,"value":2507,"nodeType":502},{},[],"browser extension risk scoring",{"data":2509,"marks":2510,"value":2511,"nodeType":502},{},[],", at least ",{"data":2513,"marks":2514,"value":2516,"nodeType":502},{},[2515],{"type":989},"46.76% of all extensions across Push customers have the permission combinations needed to perform account takeover with no user interaction",{"data":2518,"marks":2519,"value":2520,"nodeType":502},{},[],", and the extensions involved in every major supply chain breach of the past 18 months scored as normal or low-risk beforehand.",{"data":2522,"content":2526,"nodeType":1086},{"target":2523},{"sys":2524},{"id":2525,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"3z4JOMALI52xoOXZkzPHLD",[],{"data":2528,"content":2529,"nodeType":951},{},[2530,2534,2541],{"data":2531,"marks":2532,"value":2533,"nodeType":502},{},[],"AI extensions add a specific wrinkle to this problem: many are branded to look like official companions to well-known AI tools but are actually third-party creations with no affiliation to the original vendor. They're not necessarily malicious at the point of installation, but they're exactly the kind of extension that's likely to be ",{"data":2535,"content":2536,"nodeType":973},{"uri":2502},[2537],{"data":2538,"marks":2539,"value":2540,"nodeType":502},{},[],"acquired and weaponized",{"data":2542,"marks":2543,"value":2544,"nodeType":502},{},[]," down the line — and in the meantime, they're collecting data that their permissions entitle them to (which, in most cases, means everything the user can see in their browser).",{"data":2546,"content":2550,"nodeType":1086},{"target":2547},{"sys":2548},{"id":2549,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"6K3z67rohss6H3lCsSn12B",[],{"data":2552,"content":2553,"nodeType":1402},{},[2554],{"data":2555,"marks":2556,"value":2558,"nodeType":502},{},[2557],{"type":989},"Shadow integrations",{"data":2560,"content":2561,"nodeType":951},{},[2562],{"data":2563,"marks":2564,"value":2565,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The fourth dimension — and arguably the most dangerous — is shadow integrations: OAuth connections between AI tools and core enterprise apps that aren't known or approved by the security team. Even if an organization has approved an AI tool for standalone use, plugging that tool directly into Google Workspace, Microsoft 365, Salesforce, or any other one of the dozen or so SaaS apps in a typical user’s work stack is a fundamentally different risk decision, because it creates a persistent, programmatic bridge between your environment and a third party.",{"data":2567,"content":2568,"nodeType":951},{},[2569,2573,2578,2582,2587],{"data":2570,"marks":2571,"value":2572,"nodeType":502},{},[],"On average, we see ",{"data":2574,"marks":2575,"value":2577,"nodeType":502},{},[2576],{"type":989},"17 unique AI app OAuth integrations per organization",{"data":2579,"marks":2580,"value":2581,"nodeType":502},{},[]," in ",{"data":2583,"marks":2584,"value":2586,"nodeType":502},{},[2585],{"type":2337},"just",{"data":2588,"marks":2589,"value":2590,"nodeType":502},{},[]," Google Workspace and Microsoft 365 (to be clear: this number excludes the dozens of downstream apps the AI assistants are integrated with as well), with the highest reaching 55. Each of those represents a unique AI product that has been granted OAuth access — the total number of individual consent grants across users is larger, because popular integrations get authorized by multiple employees independently.",{"data":2592,"content":2593,"nodeType":951},{},[2594],{"data":2595,"marks":2596,"value":2597,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The actual number of AI-related OAuth connections across the full SaaS estate is considerably higher again, because AI tools that automate workflows need to be connected to be useful — pulling data from one app, analyzing it in another, presenting results in a third.",{"data":2599,"content":2600,"nodeType":951},{},[2601],{"data":2602,"marks":2603,"value":2604,"nodeType":502},{},[],"MCP connections use OAuth to achieve this interconnectivity in the same way, and AI coding agents create a particularly concentrated version of the risk: a single agent configuration can hold OAuth tokens for Jira, Confluence, Salesforce, GitHub, and more, meaning that compromising one agent — whether through prompt injection, a malicious repository config, or a supply chain attack on an MCP server — yields persistent, broadly scoped tokens for every service it was connected to, tokens that survive session restarts and generate audit log entries indistinguishable from legitimate user activity.",{"data":2606,"content":2607,"nodeType":951},{},[2608],{"data":2609,"marks":2610,"value":2611,"nodeType":502},{},[],"It's also worth noting that OAuth blast radius is almost always larger than organizations expect. A single well-permissioned user can expose secrets, dashboards, and internal tooling without tenant-wide admin access. And every new AI tool an employee connects makes the web of abusable permissions a little wider.",{"data":2613,"content":2617,"nodeType":1086},{"target":2614},{"sys":2615},{"id":2616,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"4SnzJ9T93gHzFIUASx7Yb3",[],{"data":2619,"content":2620,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":2622,"content":2623,"nodeType":1099},{},[2624],{"data":2625,"marks":2626,"value":2628,"nodeType":502},{},[2627],{"type":989},"Why shadow AI needs a different solution to shadow SaaS",{"data":2630,"content":2631,"nodeType":951},{},[2632],{"data":2633,"marks":2634,"value":2635,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The reason it's worth distinguishing between these four dimensions isn't academic. Each one requires a different control, and addressing one doesn't solve the others.",{"data":2637,"content":2638,"nodeType":951},{},[2639],{"data":2640,"marks":2641,"value":2642,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Blocking unsanctioned AI apps does nothing for the personal accounts accessing approved ones, and neither addresses the average 17 different AI extensions running with broad browser permissions, let alone the dozens of OAuth integrations that have already been granted persistent access to core enterprise apps — and even auditing OAuth in Google Workspace and Microsoft 365, where the controls are relatively mature, leaves the broader SaaS estate unaddressed, where admin tooling is inconsistent and visibility is limited.",{"data":2644,"content":2645,"nodeType":951},{},[2646,2650,2658],{"data":2647,"marks":2648,"value":2649,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The tooling gap compounds the policy gap. ",{"data":2651,"content":2653,"nodeType":973},{"uri":2652},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/7-things-omdias-latest-report-tells-us-about-the-secure-enterprise-browser-market/",[2654],{"data":2655,"marks":2656,"value":2657,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Omdia found",{"data":2659,"marks":2660,"value":2661,"nodeType":502},{},[]," that 58% of organizations rely on secure web gateways to secure GenAI usage — but an SWG can tell you that a user visited ChatGPT, not whether they pasted your source code into the prompt. That link between knowing where data went and knowing what the user actually did is the fundamental visibility gap that makes GenAI policies unenforceable without browser-layer tooling.",{"data":2663,"content":2664,"nodeType":1402},{},[2665],{"data":2666,"marks":2667,"value":2669,"nodeType":502},{},[2668],{"type":989},"Advice for security teams",{"data":2671,"content":2672,"nodeType":951},{},[2673],{"data":2674,"marks":2675,"value":2676,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The principles behind managing shadow AI are the same ones that have governed shadow SaaS and software supply chain management for years: default-deny where feasible, comprehensive inventory where it isn't, and continuous monitoring for changes that signal increased risk. But it's vital that teams act fast to stop the snowball.",{"data":2678,"content":2679,"nodeType":951},{},[2680],{"data":2681,"marks":2682,"value":2684,"nodeType":502},{},[2683],{"type":989},"That starts with visibility into which AI tools employees are actually using and which accounts they're using to access them — without that baseline, every other control is built on assumptions.",{"data":2686,"content":2687,"nodeType":951},{},[2688,2693,2697,2704],{"data":2689,"marks":2690,"value":2692,"nodeType":502},{},[2691],{"type":989},"Extensions",{"data":2694,"marks":2695,"value":2696,"nodeType":502},{},[]," need the same ",{"data":2698,"content":2699,"nodeType":973},{"uri":2502},[2700],{"data":2701,"marks":2702,"value":2703,"nodeType":502},{},[],"default-deny allowlisting approach",{"data":2705,"marks":2706,"value":2707,"nodeType":502},{},[]," that has been best practice for software management elsewhere: build a complete inventory, allowlist what's vetted, block everything else, and monitor the approved set for changes that precede weaponization.",{"data":2709,"content":2710,"nodeType":951},{},[2711,2716],{"data":2712,"marks":2713,"value":2715,"nodeType":502},{},[2714],{"type":989},"OAuth",{"data":2717,"marks":2718,"value":2719,"nodeType":502},{},[]," demands the most urgency, because each unmanaged integration is a persistent trust relationship that survives password resets and MFA changes — adopt default-deny for consent grants in your primary enterprise apps, routinely audit what's already connected, and critically extend that visibility beyond Google and Microsoft to the broader SaaS estate where the controls are weaker and the sprawl is harder to track.",{"data":2721,"content":2725,"nodeType":1086},{"target":2722},{"sys":2723},{"id":2724,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"3RFLFtJtDXvhTz1mVztfV9",[],{"data":2727,"content":2728,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":2730,"content":2731,"nodeType":1099},{},[2732],{"data":2733,"marks":2734,"value":2736,"nodeType":502},{},[2735],{"type":989},"Browser visibility and control is key to de-risking AI adoption",{"data":2738,"content":2739,"nodeType":951},{},[2740],{"data":2741,"marks":2742,"value":2743,"nodeType":502},{},[],"AI usage is fundamentally browser-based activity — every LLM interaction, every prompt containing sensitive data, every AI agent authorization, every OAuth consent grant happens inside a browser session — which makes the browser the natural control point for AI governance across the workforce. ",{"data":2745,"content":2746,"nodeType":951},{},[2747],{"data":2748,"marks":2749,"value":2750,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push tracks AI app usage and login security across the workforce, inventories and controls AI browser extensions, monitors and blocks OAuth consent flows across any app (not just the primary enterprise platforms), and gives security teams a single view of the full shadow AI picture across all four dimensions.",{"data":2752,"content":2753,"nodeType":951},{},[2754],{"data":2755,"marks":2756,"value":2757,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Shadow AI isn't a problem that will age well if ignored. Every week that passes without visibility adds more apps, more extensions, more integrations, and more potential breach paths into the environment — and as the Vercel breach demonstrated, it only takes one forgotten OAuth grant to turn an employee's idle curiosity into an organization-wide incident.",{"data":2759,"content":2760,"nodeType":951},{},[2761,2765,2774],{"data":2762,"marks":2763,"value":2764,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Learn more about how you can tackle ",{"data":2766,"content":2768,"nodeType":973},{"uri":2767},"https://pushsecurity.com/uc/shadow-ai",[2769],{"data":2770,"marks":2771,"value":2773,"nodeType":502},{},[2772],{"type":1545},"Shadow AI",{"data":2775,"marks":2776,"value":2777,"nodeType":502},{},[]," with Push. ",{"data":2779,"content":2780,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":2782,"content":2783,"nodeType":951},{},[2784],{"data":2785,"marks":2786,"value":1772,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":2788,"content":2789,"nodeType":951},{},[2790],{"data":2791,"marks":2792,"value":1779,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":2794,"content":2795,"nodeType":951},{},[2796,2800,2808],{"data":2797,"marks":2798,"value":2799,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Book a ",{"data":2801,"content":2802,"nodeType":973},{"uri":1790},[2803],{"data":2804,"marks":2805,"value":2807,"nodeType":502},{},[2806],{"type":1545},"live demo",{"data":2809,"marks":2810,"value":2811,"nodeType":502},{},[]," to learn more.","Shadow AI: what Push data reveals about the scale of the problem","Push telemetry shows the average organization has 16 AI apps, 17 AI browser extensions, and 17 AI OAuth integrations in use. Here's what it means for security.","2026-05-28T00:00:00.000Z","what-push-data-reveals-about-the-state-of-shadow-ai",{"items":2817},[2818,2822],{"sys":2819,"name":2821},{"id":2820},"1gZi8NrRy2v9OqPV7C4dwD","Risk management",{"sys":2823,"name":2825},{"id":2824},"3pjES4THCIfSAwhGdNwBcy","Browser security",{"items":2827},[2828],{"fullName":2829,"firstName":2830,"jobTitle":2831,"profilePicture":2832},"Dan Green","Dan","Threat Research",{"url":2833},"https://images.ctfassets.net/y1cdw1ablpvd/7jik1VhFgA3kgzXBXTm2Vw/fcd8c171da644903d0827eafcfbcaad0/Dan_Headshot_2025.png",{"__typename":2150,"sys":2835,"content":2837,"title":3701,"synopsis":3702,"hashTags":59,"publishedDate":3703,"slug":3704,"tagsCollection":3705,"authorsCollection":3711},{"id":2836},"6Xn377JQfbDz49Np74cbGl",{"json":2838},{"data":2839,"content":2840,"nodeType":947},{},[2841,2848,2879,2897,2902,2909,2925,2928,2936,2954,3018,3025,3031,3038,3121,3128,3135,3151,3154,3162,3169,3176,3184,3191,3203,3209,3216,3223,3230,3233,3241,3257,3273,3280,3287,3294,3315,3401,3408,3415,3418,3426,3442,3449,3456,3464,3467,3475,3493,3500,3507,3540,3547,3554,3557,3565,3572,3584,3590,3602,3614,3620,3632,3654,3661,3664,3672,3679,3685],{"data":2842,"content":2843,"nodeType":951},{},[2844],{"data":2845,"marks":2846,"value":2847,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Most security leaders I talk to know they have an AI problem. They've seen the board questions, read the reports, maybe even drafted a policy. But when they start measuring where they stand — not plans or roadmaps, but actual current state — the gap between awareness and operational capability comes into focus.",{"data":2849,"content":2850,"nodeType":951},{},[2851,2855,2863,2867,2875],{"data":2852,"marks":2853,"value":2854,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The ",{"data":2856,"content":2858,"nodeType":973},{"uri":2857},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/verizon-dbir-2026-review",[2859],{"data":2860,"marks":2861,"value":2862,"nodeType":502},{},[],"2026 Verizon DBIR",{"data":2864,"marks":2865,"value":2866,"nodeType":502},{},[]," quantifies the scale: 45% of employees are now regular AI users on corporate devices (up from 15% the prior year), with 67% using personal accounts. ",{"data":2868,"content":2870,"nodeType":973},{"uri":2869},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/what-push-data-reveals-about-the-state-of-shadow-ai",[2871],{"data":2872,"marks":2873,"value":2874,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push data",{"data":2876,"marks":2877,"value":2878,"nodeType":502},{},[]," further shows that 38% of file uploads to AI tools come from those shadow accounts rather than approved organizational ones — and the DBIR shows what's going into them: of 858,000+ DLP events targeting GenAI applications, the most common data types were source code (28%), structured data (14%), and documents and PDFs (23% combined).",{"data":2880,"content":2881,"nodeType":951},{},[2882,2886,2893],{"data":2883,"marks":2884,"value":2885,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The average organization now has ",{"data":2887,"content":2888,"nodeType":973},{"uri":2869},[2889],{"data":2890,"marks":2891,"value":2892,"nodeType":502},{},[],"16 unique AI apps, 17 AI browser extensions, and 17 AI OAuth integrations",{"data":2894,"marks":2895,"value":2896,"nodeType":502},{},[]," in active use, most unapproved. Shadow AI was the third most common non-malicious insider action in the DBIR, up 4x year over year.",{"data":2898,"content":2901,"nodeType":1086},{"target":2899},{"sys":2900},{"id":1130,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},[],{"data":2903,"content":2904,"nodeType":951},{},[2905],{"data":2906,"marks":2907,"value":2908,"nodeType":502},{},[],"These statistics expose an attack surface and unmanaged risks at a high level. But the real problem is that most organizations can't produce a basic inventory of which AI tools are in use, let alone demonstrate controls around any of them. ",{"data":2910,"content":2911,"nodeType":951},{},[2912,2916,2921],{"data":2913,"marks":2914,"value":2915,"nodeType":502},{},[],"That gap between awareness and capability is where most organizations are stuck. And understanding ",{"data":2917,"marks":2918,"value":2920,"nodeType":502},{},[2919],{"type":2337},"why",{"data":2922,"marks":2923,"value":2924,"nodeType":502},{},[]," they're stuck requires a framework for what progress actually looks like.",{"data":2926,"content":2927,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":2929,"content":2930,"nodeType":1099},{},[2931],{"data":2932,"marks":2933,"value":2935,"nodeType":502},{},[2934],{"type":989},"A model for measuring what most organizations already feel",{"data":2937,"content":2938,"nodeType":951},{},[2939,2943,2950],{"data":2940,"marks":2941,"value":2942,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Chris Cochran's ",{"data":2944,"content":2946,"nodeType":973},{"uri":2945},"https://sansorg.egnyte.com/dl/XtgqfjkjBjp8",[2947],{"data":2948,"marks":2949,"value":1198,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":2951,"marks":2952,"value":2953,"nodeType":502},{},[],", published earlier this year, provides a framework for addressing this gap. It defines five stages of AI security maturity across three pillars:",{"data":2955,"content":2956,"nodeType":1031},{},[2957,2973,2989],{"data":2958,"content":2959,"nodeType":1035},{},[2960],{"data":2961,"content":2962,"nodeType":951},{},[2963,2969],{"data":2964,"marks":2965,"value":2968,"nodeType":502},{},[2966,2967],{"type":989},{"type":1545},"Protect AI:",{"data":2970,"marks":2971,"value":2972,"nodeType":502},{},[]," Defending against AI-enabled threats like adversarial attacks, prompt injection, compromised browser extensions, and AI agents operating with unchecked permissions.",{"data":2974,"content":2975,"nodeType":1035},{},[2976],{"data":2977,"content":2978,"nodeType":951},{},[2979,2985],{"data":2980,"marks":2981,"value":2984,"nodeType":502},{},[2982,2983],{"type":989},{"type":1545},"Utilize AI:",{"data":2986,"marks":2987,"value":2988,"nodeType":502},{},[]," Using AI to strengthen security operations by using AI-powered detection and triage, behavioral analytics, and automated response playbooks.",{"data":2990,"content":2991,"nodeType":1035},{},[2992],{"data":2993,"content":2994,"nodeType":951},{},[2995,3001,3005,3014],{"data":2996,"marks":2997,"value":3000,"nodeType":502},{},[2998,2999],{"type":989},{"type":1545},"Govern AI:",{"data":3002,"marks":3003,"value":3004,"nodeType":502},{},[]," Managing how the organization adopts and uses AI tools. Things like acceptable use policies, shadow AI discovery, data classification, access controls, and risk assessment. This is the pillar that gets the most attention in boardroom conversations today, driven in part by ",{"data":3006,"content":3008,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3007},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/browser-visibility-and-control-can-achieve-ai-compliance",[3009],{"data":3010,"marks":3011,"value":3013,"nodeType":502},{},[3012],{"type":1545},"regulatory pressure",{"data":3015,"marks":3016,"value":3017,"nodeType":502},{},[],".",{"data":3019,"content":3020,"nodeType":951},{},[3021],{"data":3022,"marks":3023,"value":3024,"nodeType":502},{},[],"How an organization invests across these three pillars, and whether it invests across all of them, determines whether it advances toward maturity in this area or stalls out at the early steps.",{"data":3026,"content":3030,"nodeType":1086},{"target":3027},{"sys":3028},{"id":3029,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"1JV3KG97JQNFKwODnMCMq2",[],{"data":3032,"content":3033,"nodeType":951},{},[3034],{"data":3035,"marks":3036,"value":3037,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The SANS AI maturity model outlines 5 stages that organizations must progress through in order to reach an optimal security posture:",{"data":3039,"content":3040,"nodeType":1031},{},[3041,3057,3073,3089,3105],{"data":3042,"content":3043,"nodeType":1035},{},[3044],{"data":3045,"content":3046,"nodeType":951},{},[3047,3053],{"data":3048,"marks":3049,"value":3052,"nodeType":502},{},[3050,3051],{"type":989},{"type":1545},"Stage 1 (Unaware / Ad Hoc)",{"data":3054,"marks":3055,"value":3056,"nodeType":502},{},[]," is where employees are freely using AI tools with no oversight, no inventory exists, and leadership may not even know how much AI is in use. There's no policy to violate, so technically it's not even shadow AI yet; it's just unmanaged adoption.",{"data":3058,"content":3059,"nodeType":1035},{},[3060],{"data":3061,"content":3062,"nodeType":951},{},[3063,3069],{"data":3064,"marks":3065,"value":3068,"nodeType":502},{},[3066,3067],{"type":989},{"type":1545},"Stage 2 (Reactive / Policy-Emerging)",{"data":3070,"marks":3071,"value":3072,"nodeType":502},{},[]," means a policy exists, but it's course-grained: \"Don't use AI\" or \"use with caution.\" Known AI tools may be blocked at the network level. Security teams are learning about AI-specific threats but don't have dedicated expertise or tooling.",{"data":3074,"content":3075,"nodeType":1035},{},[3076],{"data":3077,"content":3078,"nodeType":951},{},[3079,3085],{"data":3080,"marks":3081,"value":3084,"nodeType":502},{},[3082,3083],{"type":989},{"type":1545},"Stage 3 (Defined / Risk-Informed)",{"data":3086,"marks":3087,"value":3088,"nodeType":502},{},[]," is where things get intentional. AI usage is governed through enterprise tools rather than outright bans. AI systems are included in security assessments. The organization can demonstrate mature governance to regulators and partners. For many organizations, this is a strong and defensible operating position.",{"data":3090,"content":3091,"nodeType":1035},{},[3092],{"data":3093,"content":3094,"nodeType":951},{},[3095,3101],{"data":3096,"marks":3097,"value":3100,"nodeType":502},{},[3098,3099],{"type":989},{"type":1545},"Stage 4 (Managed / Integrated)",{"data":3102,"marks":3103,"value":3104,"nodeType":502},{},[]," means AI is deeply embedded in security operations with measurable outcomes. AI systems are secured by design. Risk is quantified, not estimated. Decisions are data-driven. This is where organizations can handle AI-specific threats and operate at the tempo that AI-augmented adversaries demand.",{"data":3106,"content":3107,"nodeType":1035},{},[3108],{"data":3109,"content":3110,"nodeType":951},{},[3111,3117],{"data":3112,"marks":3113,"value":3116,"nodeType":502},{},[3114,3115],{"type":989},{"type":1545},"Stage 5 (Optimizing / Adaptive)",{"data":3118,"marks":3119,"value":3120,"nodeType":502},{},[]," is the frontier of AI-native security with self-improving defenses. Elements of this stage exist primarily in large technology companies, defense contractors, and AI-native firms. For most organizations, this is a multi-year journey.",{"data":3122,"content":3123,"nodeType":951},{},[3124],{"data":3125,"marks":3126,"value":3127,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Most of the security leaders I talk to land between Stage 1 and Stage 2. They have awareness, maybe a policy, but not the tooling or telemetry to demonstrate much beyond that. ",{"data":3129,"content":3130,"nodeType":951},{},[3131],{"data":3132,"marks":3133,"value":3134,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The model is pragmatic about these challenges. It doesn't expect every organization to reach Stage 5, and it adjusts maturity targets by sector. ",{"data":3136,"content":3137,"nodeType":951},{},[3138,3142,3147],{"data":3139,"marks":3140,"value":3141,"nodeType":502},{},[],"But it ",{"data":3143,"marks":3144,"value":3146,"nodeType":502},{},[3145],{"type":2337},"does",{"data":3148,"marks":3149,"value":3150,"nodeType":502},{},[]," require evidence of progress, not just intent. And for the majority sitting at Stage 2, the hard part is identifying the right steps to move from being merely reactive to a posture of operational readiness. That’s the chasm to cross.",{"data":3152,"content":3153,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":3155,"content":3156,"nodeType":1099},{},[3157],{"data":3158,"marks":3159,"value":3161,"nodeType":502},{},[3160],{"type":989},"The chasm",{"data":3163,"content":3164,"nodeType":951},{},[3165],{"data":3166,"marks":3167,"value":3168,"nodeType":502},{},[],"For the organizations sitting at Stage 2, current state often looks like this: They've written an AI acceptable use policy, and maybe they've blocked known AI apps at the network level. They've trained employees on what's allowed and what isn't. ",{"data":3170,"content":3171,"nodeType":951},{},[3172],{"data":3173,"marks":3174,"value":3175,"nodeType":502},{},[],"To be sure, blocking is the fastest lever a security team can pull, and it represents visible progress to the business. The problem is that it rarely stays effective. ",{"data":3177,"content":3178,"nodeType":951},{},[3179],{"data":3180,"marks":3181,"value":3183,"nodeType":502},{},[3182],{"type":989},"SANS calls the pattern that traps most organizations at Stage 2 the \"Framework of No.\" ",{"data":3185,"content":3186,"nodeType":951},{},[3187],{"data":3188,"marks":3189,"value":3190,"nodeType":502},{},[],"\"A block-based AI policy may feel like risk management, but practitioner experience shows it typically drives AI usage underground rather than preventing it,” the report notes. “This is the pattern SANS has documented as the 'Framework of No,' and it is why the Stage 2 to Stage 3 transition is so critical.\"",{"data":3192,"content":3193,"nodeType":951},{},[3194,3199],{"data":3195,"marks":3196,"value":3198,"nodeType":502},{},[3197],{"type":2337},"This",{"data":3200,"marks":3201,"value":3202,"nodeType":502},{},[]," is the chasm. On one side: awareness and policy. On the other: operational capability - the tooling, telemetry, and controls that let a security team see what's happening and respond to it. Most organizations are standing on the awareness side, looking across, not sure how to get over.",{"data":3204,"content":3208,"nodeType":1086},{"target":3205},{"sys":3206},{"id":3207,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"187mKPZV8tVbsw17L2cWIU",[],{"data":3210,"content":3211,"nodeType":951},{},[3212],{"data":3213,"marks":3214,"value":3215,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The model is specific about what crossing requires. The steps from Stage 2 to Stage 3 include technical BYOAI discovery (not a survey, but automated discovery), AI-specific data classification, AI-aware controls, and a cross-functional governance body. Data classification is a critical prerequisite: \"You cannot write an effective AI policy without knowing where sensitive data lives,\" the report emphasizes.",{"data":3217,"content":3218,"nodeType":951},{},[3219],{"data":3220,"marks":3221,"value":3222,"nodeType":502},{},[],"These are visibility and measurement problems before they're policy problems. You can't govern what you can't see. You can't classify risk you can't measure. And a blocklist that pushes usage underground doesn't give you either: it just makes the gap between your policy and your reality harder to detect.",{"data":3224,"content":3225,"nodeType":951},{},[3226],{"data":3227,"marks":3228,"value":3229,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Getting this visibility right is necessary for crossing the chasm. But it’s not the only step organizations must undertake if they want to address their AI risk.",{"data":3231,"content":3232,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":3234,"content":3235,"nodeType":1099},{},[3236],{"data":3237,"marks":3238,"value":3240,"nodeType":502},{},[3239],{"type":989},"Governance is key, but don't forget about protection",{"data":3242,"content":3243,"nodeType":951},{},[3244,3248,3253],{"data":3245,"marks":3246,"value":3247,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Most AI security conversations today - the vendor pitches, board decks, and compliance checklists - are about the ",{"data":3249,"marks":3250,"value":3252,"nodeType":502},{},[3251],{"type":989},"Govern",{"data":3254,"marks":3255,"value":3256,"nodeType":502},{},[]," pillar. Shadow AI discovery. Usage policies. Data classification. Controls around what employees paste into AI prompts or upload to AI tools. It's important work.",{"data":3258,"content":3259,"nodeType":951},{},[3260,3264,3269],{"data":3261,"marks":3262,"value":3263,"nodeType":502},{},[],"But the SANS model gives roughly equal weight to a second pillar that gets almost no attention: ",{"data":3265,"marks":3266,"value":3268,"nodeType":502},{},[3267],{"type":989},"Protect",{"data":3270,"marks":3271,"value":3272,"nodeType":502},{},[]," - defending against AI-enabled attacks.",{"data":3274,"content":3275,"nodeType":951},{},[3276],{"data":3277,"marks":3278,"value":3279,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The Protect pillar starts from a stark baseline. At Stage 1, most organizations have no visibility into which AI agents or browser extensions have access to their corporate environment, let alone a framework for understanding how those could be attacked. ",{"data":3281,"content":3282,"nodeType":951},{},[3283],{"data":3284,"marks":3285,"value":3286,"nodeType":502},{},[],"By Stage 3, the model expects runtime validation of AI tools and plugins, detection capabilities mapped to AI-specific attack frameworks, and controls that cover the growing surface area of agentic AI. ",{"data":3288,"content":3289,"nodeType":951},{},[3290],{"data":3291,"marks":3292,"value":3293,"nodeType":502},{},[],"By Stage 4, organizations need real-time monitoring of AI agent behavior and defenses against attacks that exploit trust relationships between AI systems — capabilities most security teams haven't started scoping, much less building or procuring.",{"data":3295,"content":3296,"nodeType":951},{},[3297,3301,3311],{"data":3298,"marks":3299,"value":3300,"nodeType":502},{},[],"These are detection and response capabilities, not governance exercises — and the attacks they address are already well underway. ",{"data":3302,"content":3304,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3303},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/the-cisos-data-problem-and-how-browser-telemetry-can-help/",[3305],{"data":3306,"marks":3307,"value":3310,"nodeType":502},{},[3308,3309],{"type":1545},{"type":989},"One in three phishing payloads",{"data":3312,"marks":3313,"value":3314,"nodeType":502},{},[]," intercepted by Push arrive outside of email, through channels where most security controls don't exist. Evidence of the growth of browser-based attack methods enabled by AI tooling abounds:",{"data":3316,"content":3317,"nodeType":1031},{},[3318,3340,3362],{"data":3319,"content":3320,"nodeType":1035},{},[3321],{"data":3322,"content":3323,"nodeType":951},{},[3324,3328,3336],{"data":3325,"marks":3326,"value":3327,"nodeType":502},{},[],"CrowdStrike's 2026 Global Threat Report documented a ",{"data":3329,"content":3331,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3330},"https://www.crowdstrike.com/explore/2026-global-threat-report",[3332],{"data":3333,"marks":3334,"value":3335,"nodeType":502},{},[],"563% increase in ClickFix lures",{"data":3337,"marks":3338,"value":3339,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — fake CAPTCHA pages that trick users into executing malicious commands on their own machines.",{"data":3341,"content":3342,"nodeType":1035},{},[3343],{"data":3344,"content":3345,"nodeType":951},{},[3346,3350,3358],{"data":3347,"marks":3348,"value":3349,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push has tracked a ",{"data":3351,"content":3353,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3352},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/device-code-phishing/",[3354],{"data":3355,"marks":3356,"value":3357,"nodeType":502},{},[],"37x increase in device code phishing",{"data":3359,"marks":3360,"value":3361,"nodeType":502},{},[]," since the start of 2026, with 18+ distinct kits now offering the technique.",{"data":3363,"content":3364,"nodeType":1035},{},[3365],{"data":3366,"content":3367,"nodeType":951},{},[3368,3371,3380,3384,3389,3393,3398],{"data":3369,"marks":3370,"value":21,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":3372,"content":3374,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3373},"https://www.anthropic.com/news/AI-enabled-cyber-threats-mitre-attack",[3375],{"data":3376,"marks":3377,"value":3379,"nodeType":502},{},[3378],{"type":1545},"Anthropic",{"data":3381,"marks":3382,"value":3383,"nodeType":502},{},[]," identified ",{"data":3385,"marks":3386,"value":3388,"nodeType":502},{},[3387],{"type":989},"793 threat actors using AI",{"data":3390,"marks":3391,"value":3392,"nodeType":502},{},[]," for malicious cybersecurity purposes between March 2025 and February 2026, with the 2026 Verizon DBIR finding that ",{"data":3394,"marks":3395,"value":3397,"nodeType":502},{},[3396],{"type":989},"44% of AI-assisted initial access was phishing-related",{"data":3399,"marks":3400,"value":3017,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":3402,"content":3403,"nodeType":951},{},[3404],{"data":3405,"marks":3406,"value":3407,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Attackers are already vibecoding phishing kits, rotating infrastructure daily, and exploiting identity flows that traditional endpoint and network tools can't see.",{"data":3409,"content":3410,"nodeType":951},{},[3411],{"data":3412,"marks":3413,"value":3414,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The SANS model makes the speed argument a central focus at Stage 4: Detection built for human-pace adversaries is increasingly insufficient when threats operate at machine speed. For organizations investing exclusively in AI governance, AI-enabled threats represent an entire category of risk that is not being addressed.",{"data":3416,"content":3417,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":3419,"content":3420,"nodeType":1402},{},[3421],{"data":3422,"marks":3423,"value":3425,"nodeType":502},{},[3424],{"type":989},"Why governance alone can't close the gap",{"data":3427,"content":3428,"nodeType":951},{},[3429,3433,3438],{"data":3430,"marks":3431,"value":3432,"nodeType":502},{},[],"An organization can have an AI policy, shadow AI discovery, data classification, and usage controls, and ",{"data":3434,"marks":3435,"value":3437,"nodeType":502},{},[3436],{"type":2337},"still",{"data":3439,"marks":3440,"value":3441,"nodeType":502},{},[]," be exposed. When an employee hits a device code phishing page or a ClickFix lure, the governance program documented the risk perfectly. It just couldn't stop the attack. The policy existed but the detection (and ideally, mitigation) didn't.",{"data":3443,"content":3444,"nodeType":951},{},[3445],{"data":3446,"marks":3447,"value":3448,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The reverse is equally true, and it's why the SANS model treats the pillars as interdependent rather than sequential. Detection capabilities that fire into a void with no policy to act on findings, no classification to assess exposure, and no governance body to shape proactive policy just create alerts, not security. ",{"data":3450,"content":3451,"nodeType":951},{},[3452],{"data":3453,"marks":3454,"value":3455,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Yet most organizations are only investing heavily in one side of the solution, which is almost always Govern. The maturity model is explicit about the risks of this approach: Governance with no attack detection leaves a critical gap. ",{"data":3457,"content":3458,"nodeType":951},{},[3459],{"data":3460,"marks":3461,"value":3463,"nodeType":502},{},[3462],{"type":989},"Closing the gap requires a control point where both problems are visible and addressable.",{"data":3465,"content":3466,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":3468,"content":3469,"nodeType":1099},{},[3470],{"data":3471,"marks":3472,"value":3474,"nodeType":502},{},[3473],{"type":989},"Crossing the chasm requires addressing both pillars at once",{"data":3476,"content":3477,"nodeType":951},{},[3478,3482,3489],{"data":3479,"marks":3480,"value":3481,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The bottleneck for most security programs ",{"data":3483,"content":3484,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3303},[3485],{"data":3486,"marks":3487,"value":3488,"nodeType":502},{},[],"isn't frameworks or strategy — it's data quality",{"data":3490,"marks":3491,"value":3492,"nodeType":502},{},[],". For teams taking on the dual problems of shadow AI and AI-enabled attacks, browser telemetry is the foundation to any meaningful solution. That’s because both problems converge in the same place.",{"data":3494,"content":3495,"nodeType":951},{},[3496],{"data":3497,"marks":3498,"value":3499,"nodeType":502},{},[],"AI-enabled phishing attacks, credential theft, malicious browser extensions, and OAuth exploitation happen in the browser. So do shadow AI adoption, sensitive data pasted into AI prompts, file uploads to unapproved tools, and unauthorized integrations. The browser is where external attacks and internal misuse are both visible and stoppable.",{"data":3501,"content":3502,"nodeType":951},{},[3503],{"data":3504,"marks":3505,"value":3506,"nodeType":502},{},[],"For the security team trying to advance past the Framework of No, browser telemetry replaces the blunt instrument of network-level blocking with actual visibility:",{"data":3508,"content":3509,"nodeType":1031},{},[3510,3520,3530],{"data":3511,"content":3512,"nodeType":1035},{},[3513],{"data":3514,"content":3515,"nodeType":951},{},[3516],{"data":3517,"marks":3518,"value":3519,"nodeType":502},{},[],"which AI apps are in use (including personal account usage)",{"data":3521,"content":3522,"nodeType":1035},{},[3523],{"data":3524,"content":3525,"nodeType":951},{},[3526],{"data":3527,"marks":3528,"value":3529,"nodeType":502},{},[],"what data is moving into them (file uploads, clipboard activity)",{"data":3531,"content":3532,"nodeType":1035},{},[3533],{"data":3534,"content":3535,"nodeType":951},{},[3536],{"data":3537,"marks":3538,"value":3539,"nodeType":502},{},[],"graduated controls - per-app, per-user group, per-content pattern - that can monitor, warn, or block based on context rather than allow/deny",{"data":3541,"content":3542,"nodeType":951},{},[3543],{"data":3544,"marks":3545,"value":3546,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The same browser-layer instrumentation can also provide real-time detection of credential phishing, ClickFix, adversary-in-the-middle attacks, and device code phishing. And it can detect and disable malicious browser extensions based on confirmed threat intelligence, monitor OAuth integrations, and generate the identity attack surface data (login behaviors, MFA gaps, SSO coverage) that the Protect pillar requires at Stage 3 maturity and beyond.",{"data":3548,"content":3549,"nodeType":951},{},[3550],{"data":3551,"marks":3552,"value":3553,"nodeType":502},{},[],"We built Push around this insight: that the browser is where both problems converge, and a single deployment can advance AI security maturity in both areas simultaneously. The SANS model makes the same argument.",{"data":3555,"content":3556,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":3558,"content":3559,"nodeType":1099},{},[3560],{"data":3561,"marks":3562,"value":3564,"nodeType":502},{},[3563],{"type":989},"Where to start: 5 steps to maturity with Push",{"data":3566,"content":3567,"nodeType":951},{},[3568],{"data":3569,"marks":3570,"value":3571,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The chasm closes when organizations make meaningful strides forward in both AI governance and proactive defense against AI-enabled attacks. Here's the starting plan that I'd recommend, and Push can provide the tooling to automate these steps:",{"data":3573,"content":3574,"nodeType":951},{},[3575,3580],{"data":3576,"marks":3577,"value":3579,"nodeType":502},{},[3578],{"type":989},"1. Build an AI inventory automatically.",{"data":3581,"marks":3582,"value":3583,"nodeType":502},{},[]," Every stage transition in the SANS model starts with knowing what's in your environment. A manual survey won't cut it; employees won't self-report the tools they're not sure they're allowed to use, and may overlook apps where AI is a feature but not the core function (AI-enabled apps). Instead, organizations should deploy automated discovery for AI apps, browser extensions, and OAuth integrations across the workforce - including the ones using personal accounts. Until this inventory exists, every policy decision is based on incomplete information.",{"data":3585,"content":3589,"nodeType":1086},{"target":3586},{"sys":3587},{"id":3588,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"2t3u0NydllImv6NzvAY058",[],{"data":3591,"content":3592,"nodeType":951},{},[3593,3598],{"data":3594,"marks":3595,"value":3597,"nodeType":502},{},[3596],{"type":989},"2. Classify what you find.",{"data":3599,"marks":3600,"value":3601,"nodeType":502},{},[]," Not all AI usage carries the same risk. A developer pasting code into ChatGPT and a salesperson using an AI notetaker are different problems. Once you can see the tools, categorize them by data sensitivity, authorization status, and access scope. The SANS model calls out data classification as a critical prerequisite; you can't write an effective AI policy without knowing where sensitive data lives.",{"data":3603,"content":3604,"nodeType":951},{},[3605,3610],{"data":3606,"marks":3607,"value":3609,"nodeType":502},{},[3608],{"type":989},"3. Turn on browser-layer detection.",{"data":3611,"marks":3612,"value":3613,"nodeType":502},{},[]," This is the step most organizations skip, and it's why addressing only the Protect pillar will keep you at Stage 1. AI-enabled phishing, ClickFix attacks, device code phishing, malicious extension updates, and OAuth exploitation all execute in the browser. Without detection in that layer, there's no visibility into the fastest-growing attack category, and no path to advancing beyond basic AI usage awareness.",{"data":3615,"content":3619,"nodeType":1086},{"target":3616},{"sys":3617},{"id":3618,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"1fzuGjA6VSbVl1p7vM1mt7",[],{"data":3621,"content":3622,"nodeType":951},{},[3623,3628],{"data":3624,"marks":3625,"value":3627,"nodeType":502},{},[3626],{"type":989},"4. Move from blocking to graduated controls.",{"data":3629,"marks":3630,"value":3631,"nodeType":502},{},[]," The Framework of No fails because it's binary: allow or deny, with nothing in between. Organizations that cross the chasm adopt monitor, warn, and block modes — per app, per user group, per content pattern. Monitor first to see what's happening, warn to change behavior without disrupting workflows, and block only where the risk justifies it. This is the operational difference between Stage 2 and Stage 3.",{"data":3633,"content":3634,"nodeType":951},{},[3635,3640,3644,3650],{"data":3636,"marks":3637,"value":3639,"nodeType":502},{},[3638],{"type":989},"5. Assess yourself honestly against evidence, not aspiration.",{"data":3641,"marks":3642,"value":3643,"nodeType":502},{},[]," The ",{"data":3645,"content":3646,"nodeType":973},{"uri":2945},[3647],{"data":3648,"marks":3649,"value":1198,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":3651,"marks":3652,"value":3653,"nodeType":502},{},[]," includes a self-assessment and industry-specific weighting profiles. The value isn't in the score, but in identifying which pillar is keeping you from advancing.",{"data":3655,"content":3656,"nodeType":951},{},[3657],{"data":3658,"marks":3659,"value":3660,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The organizations that cross the AI security chasm will be the ones that recognize early that AI security isn't one problem with one solution. It's two problems that happen to share a control point. The most efficient path forward is a platform that addresses both.",{"data":3662,"content":3663,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":3665,"content":3666,"nodeType":1099},{},[3667],{"data":3668,"marks":3669,"value":3671,"nodeType":502},{},[3670],{"type":989},"Learn more about Push",{"data":3673,"content":3674,"nodeType":951},{},[3675],{"data":3676,"marks":3677,"value":3678,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push Security is the most powerful AI-native security tool in the browser. Think EDR, but for the browser - high-fidelity telemetry and real-time control across every session, on every device, with no browser migration required.",{"data":3680,"content":3681,"nodeType":951},{},[3682],{"data":3683,"marks":3684,"value":1779,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":3686,"content":3687,"nodeType":951},{},[3688,3691,3698],{"data":3689,"marks":3690,"value":2799,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":3692,"content":3693,"nodeType":973},{"uri":1790},[3694],{"data":3695,"marks":3696,"value":2807,"nodeType":502},{},[3697],{"type":1545},{"data":3699,"marks":3700,"value":2811,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Crossing the AI security chasm with the SANS AI security maturity model","Most organizations know they have an AI security problem. A new SANS framework shows why so few are making progress - and what it actually takes to get unstuck.","2026-06-24T00:00:00.000Z","crossing-the-ai-security-chasm-sans-security-maturity-model",{"items":3706},[3707,3709],{"sys":3708,"name":2825},{"id":2824},{"sys":3710,"name":2821},{"id":2820},{"items":3712},[3713],{"fullName":3714,"firstName":3715,"jobTitle":3716,"profilePicture":3717},"Mark Orlando","Mark","Field CTO",{"url":3718},"https://images.ctfassets.net/y1cdw1ablpvd/592PMwIQQFaa24k5SKBEKF/a33090d0ad95d1e3081f5d16a46ba826/image__68_.png",{"__typename":2150,"sys":3720,"content":3722,"title":4958,"synopsis":4959,"hashTags":59,"publishedDate":4960,"slug":4961,"tagsCollection":4962,"authorsCollection":4968},{"id":3721},"6MoHWfQlVildcFYKSbfMcE",{"json":3723},{"data":3724,"content":3725,"nodeType":947},{},[3726,3742,3748,3755,3762,3768,3771,3779,3787,3806,3854,3860,3875,3878,3886,3893,3921,3962,3969,3972,3980,3988,3995,4001,4008,4011,4019,4026,4068,4104,4111,4114,4122,4129,4154,4161,4206,4213,4216,4224,4232,4277,4284,4290,4293,4301,4309,4341,4348,4354,4361,4364,4372,4380,4409,4416,4423,4430,4433,4441,4449,4456,4462,4469,4492,4521,4524,4532,4540,4547,4554,4557,4565,4627,4630,4638,4645,4939,4942],{"data":3727,"content":3728,"nodeType":951},{},[3729,3733,3738],{"data":3730,"marks":3731,"value":3732,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Browser security solutions are one of the most significant additions to the enterprise security stack in recent years — and the data shows it. The browser is where ",{"data":3734,"marks":3735,"value":3737,"nodeType":502},{},[3736],{"type":989},"85% of work now happens",{"data":3739,"marks":3740,"value":3741,"nodeType":502},{},[],", where AI tools are accessed, and where attackers increasingly choose to strike.",{"data":3743,"content":3747,"nodeType":1086},{"target":3744},{"sys":3745},{"id":3746,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"5P6PyFbn4EakRNlIWtNzyL",[],{"data":3749,"content":3750,"nodeType":951},{},[3751],{"data":3752,"marks":3753,"value":3754,"nodeType":502},{},[],"But browser security is a nascent category. Getting a clear picture of which solution is right for your team, and how to get the most out of it, isn't straightforward. Current solutions on the market serve a wide range of IT and security use cases, with varying degrees of depth and differentiation across them. Not all use cases are equal in terms of their security value, and not all of them are best addressed in the browser.",{"data":3756,"content":3757,"nodeType":951},{},[3758],{"data":3759,"marks":3760,"value":3761,"nodeType":502},{},[],"This article ranks the security problems that browser security solutions can address by the value they deliver: a combination of the risk reduction on offer, and the degree to which the browser is genuinely the best (or only) layer to solve the problem. ",{"data":3763,"content":3767,"nodeType":1086},{"target":3764},{"sys":3765},{"id":3766,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"6SJPvEHizSYk29lEvVVNj",[],{"data":3769,"content":3770,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":3772,"content":3773,"nodeType":1099},{},[3774],{"data":3775,"marks":3776,"value":3778,"nodeType":502},{},[3777],{"type":989},"#1 — Account takeover prevention: detecting credential attacks across all vectors",{"data":3780,"content":3781,"nodeType":951},{},[3782],{"data":3783,"marks":3784,"value":3786,"nodeType":502},{},[3785],{"type":989},"Security value: Very high | Browser fit: Uniquely suited",{"data":3788,"content":3789,"nodeType":951},{},[3790,3794,3802],{"data":3791,"marks":3792,"value":3793,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Account takeover (ATO) is the dominant entry point for enterprise breaches: ",{"data":3795,"content":3797,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3796},"https://www.crowdstrike.com/en-gb/resources/infographics/identity-security-risk-review/",[3798],{"data":3799,"marks":3800,"value":3801,"nodeType":502},{},[],"80% of all modern breaches involve compromised or stolen identities",{"data":3803,"marks":3804,"value":3805,"nodeType":502},{},[],". The attack surface is far wider than most identity tooling can see: credential stuffing, password spraying, ghost logins (password-based fallback authentication that persists after SSO is configured), weak or reused credentials on shadow SaaS apps, and accounts where MFA was never enforced.",{"data":3807,"content":3808,"nodeType":951},{},[3809,3813,3821,3825,3830,3833,3838,3842,3850],{"data":3810,"marks":3811,"value":3812,"nodeType":502},{},[],"According to ",{"data":3814,"content":3816,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3815},"https://cf-assets.www.cloudflare.com/slt3lc6tev37/sWDBUMNVtEJB9ZFLt1dUU/8d69e92de2edfb3bf59e7d21d57e7e1a/Cloudflare-2026-threat-report.pdf",[3817],{"data":3818,"marks":3819,"value":3820,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Cloudflare's 2026 Threat Report",{"data":3822,"marks":3823,"value":3824,"nodeType":502},{},[],", ",{"data":3826,"marks":3827,"value":3829,"nodeType":502},{},[3828],{"type":989},"63% of all human logins involve credentials already compromised elsewhere",{"data":3831,"marks":3832,"value":2323,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":3834,"marks":3835,"value":3837,"nodeType":502},{},[3836],{"type":989},"94% of all login attempts originate from bots",{"data":3839,"marks":3840,"value":3841,"nodeType":502},{},[],". The ",{"data":3843,"content":3845,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3844},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/snowflake-retro/",[3846],{"data":3847,"marks":3848,"value":3849,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Snowflake breach",{"data":3851,"marks":3852,"value":3853,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — 165+ organizations compromised, 1 billion+ records stolen — was powered almost entirely by ghost logins: accounts missing MFA that were susceptible to credential stuffing. It's particularly telling that 80% of the accounts impacted had prior breach exposure.",{"data":3855,"content":3859,"nodeType":1086},{"target":3856},{"sys":3857},{"id":3858,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"HbZ66kp5DiAZtwNGFJK7d",[],{"data":3861,"content":3862,"nodeType":951},{},[3863,3867,3872],{"data":3864,"marks":3865,"value":3866,"nodeType":502},{},[],"For organizations with contractors and BYOD users, the browser extension is also the only enterprise control deployable on devices that can't be MDM-enrolled — extending ATO detection to exactly the place where, per Verizon DBIR 2025, ",{"data":3868,"marks":3869,"value":3871,"nodeType":502},{},[3870],{"type":989},"46% of infostealer infections originate",{"data":3873,"marks":3874,"value":3017,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":3876,"content":3877,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":3879,"content":3880,"nodeType":1099},{},[3881],{"data":3882,"marks":3883,"value":3885,"nodeType":502},{},[3884],{"type":989},"#2 — Detecting and stopping advanced phishing: AiTM, multi-channel delivery, and zero-day lures",{"data":3887,"content":3888,"nodeType":951},{},[3889],{"data":3890,"marks":3891,"value":3786,"nodeType":502},{},[3892],{"type":989},{"data":3894,"content":3895,"nodeType":951},{},[3896,3900,3908,3912,3917],{"data":3897,"marks":3898,"value":3899,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Adversary-in-the-Middle (AiTM) phishing — where an attacker's reverse proxy intercepts credentials and session tokens in real time — has become the standard technique for bypassing MFA at scale. ",{"data":3901,"content":3903,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3902},"https://www.esentire.com/resources/library/2026-threat-report",[3904],{"data":3905,"marks":3906,"value":3907,"nodeType":502},{},[],"eSentire's 2026 Threat Report",{"data":3909,"marks":3910,"value":3911,"nodeType":502},{},[]," attributes ",{"data":3913,"marks":3914,"value":3916,"nodeType":502},{},[3915],{"type":989},"63% of account compromise incidents to PhaaS kits",{"data":3918,"marks":3919,"value":3920,"nodeType":502},{},[],", with account compromise surging 389% year-over-year.",{"data":3922,"content":3923,"nodeType":951},{},[3924,3928,3936,3940,3945,3949,3958],{"data":3925,"marks":3926,"value":3927,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Traditional phishing controls are also no longer in the right place to intercept these attacks. The delivery channel has shifted decisively away from email: ",{"data":3929,"content":3931,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3930},"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/m-trends-2026",[3932],{"data":3933,"marks":3934,"value":3935,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Mandiant M-Trends 2026",{"data":3937,"marks":3938,"value":3939,"nodeType":502},{},[]," found email phishing dropped from 14% to 6% as an infection vector, and Push data shows ",{"data":3941,"marks":3942,"value":3944,"nodeType":502},{},[3943],{"type":989},"roughly 1 in 3 phishing payloads intercepted were delivered outside email entirely",{"data":3946,"marks":3947,"value":3948,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — via search engine malvertising, social platforms, and compromised websites. Meanwhile, ",{"data":3950,"content":3952,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3951},"https://www.spamhaus.com/resource-center/supporting-researchers-with-passive-dns/",[3953],{"data":3954,"marks":3955,"value":3957,"nodeType":502},{},[3956],{"type":989},"89% of phishing domains are active for less than two days",{"data":3959,"marks":3960,"value":3961,"nodeType":502},{},[],", making blocklist-based detection structurally too slow — attackers can spin up, tear down, and move on before blocklists can catch up.",{"data":3963,"content":3964,"nodeType":951},{},[3965],{"data":3966,"marks":3967,"value":3968,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Modern phishing plays out entirely inside the browser session. The only detection layer that can see the phishing page structure, the credential entry, and the anomalous token context is the browser itself. Browser-native detection analyses page behavior rather than matching known-bad domains, which means it fires on zero-day kits regardless of how recently the infrastructure was stood up. Controls like credential entry guardrails add an additional layer — blocking corporate passwords from being submitted to unauthorized domains independently of content and behavior-based detections.",{"data":3970,"content":3971,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":3973,"content":3974,"nodeType":1099},{},[3975],{"data":3976,"marks":3977,"value":3979,"nodeType":502},{},[3978],{"type":989},"#3 — Identity posture hardening: enforcing security across the apps your IdP doesn't manage",{"data":3981,"content":3982,"nodeType":951},{},[3983],{"data":3984,"marks":3985,"value":3987,"nodeType":502},{},[3986],{"type":989},"Security value: High | Browser fit: Uniquely suited",{"data":3989,"content":3990,"nodeType":951},{},[3991],{"data":3992,"marks":3993,"value":3994,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The first challenge is knowing what you're protecting. Every identity an employee creates — every app they sign up to, every password they set, every login that bypasses SSO — is an authentication event that happens inside a browser session. The browser is the only layer that observes all of these events regardless of whether the app is sanctioned, managed, or even known to IT. Solutions that rely on API-level integrations with known apps, network traffic inspection, or email sign-up notifications can only ever build a partial picture, because they can only see apps they already know about. The browser sees the login itself, which means it discovers the identity at the moment it's created or used — authentication method, password strength, MFA status, and all.",{"data":3996,"content":4000,"nodeType":1086},{"target":3997},{"sys":3998},{"id":3999,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"HETvBCPsKGkqLVtaasXH0",[],{"data":4002,"content":4003,"nodeType":951},{},[4004],{"data":4005,"marks":4006,"value":4007,"nodeType":502},{},[],"But discovery without enforcement is just an inventory problem. Being in the browser means that you're in a great position to act on what it finds at the moment of authentication. Browser-native guardrails that prompt MFA enrollment, guide users toward stronger credentials, and redirect to SSO login paths close the gap at scale, on every app, including those the IdP has never seen. They also produce the continuous, auditable evidence of MFA coverage and credential hygiene across the full application estate that regulators, insurers, and auditors increasingly require — evidence that no IdP-centric tool can provide for apps outside its scope.",{"data":4009,"content":4010,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":4012,"content":4013,"nodeType":1099},{},[4014],{"data":4015,"marks":4016,"value":4018,"nodeType":502},{},[4017],{"type":989},"#4 — Browser extension security",{"data":4020,"content":4021,"nodeType":951},{},[4022],{"data":4023,"marks":4024,"value":3987,"nodeType":502},{},[4025],{"type":989},{"data":4027,"content":4028,"nodeType":951},{},[4029,4033,4042,4045,4053,4056,4064],{"data":4030,"marks":4031,"value":4032,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Browser extensions have become one of the most talked-about attack surfaces in security over the past 18 months, and understandably so — a string of high-profile supply chain compromises have collectively impacted tens of millions of users since late 2024 (",{"data":4034,"content":4036,"nodeType":973},{"uri":4035},"https://www.cyberhaven.com/blog/cyberhavens-chrome-extension-security-incident-and-what-were-doing-about-it",[4037],{"data":4038,"marks":4039,"value":4041,"nodeType":502},{},[4040],{"type":1545},"Cyberhaven",{"data":4043,"marks":4044,"value":3824,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":4046,"content":4048,"nodeType":973},{"uri":4047},"https://thehackernews.com/2025/12/darkspectre-browser-extension-campaigns.html",[4049],{"data":4050,"marks":4051,"value":4052,"nodeType":502},{},[],"DarkSpectre",{"data":4054,"marks":4055,"value":3824,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":4057,"content":4059,"nodeType":973},{"uri":4058},"https://thehackernews.com/2025/12/trust-wallet-chrome-extension-hack.html",[4060],{"data":4061,"marks":4062,"value":4063,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Trust Wallet",{"data":4065,"marks":4066,"value":4067,"nodeType":502},{},[],", among many others).",{"data":4069,"content":4070,"nodeType":951},{},[4071,4074,4082,4086,4091,4095,4100],{"data":4072,"marks":4073,"value":21,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":4075,"content":4076,"nodeType":973},{"uri":2502},[4077],{"data":4078,"marks":4079,"value":4081,"nodeType":502},{},[4080],{"type":1545},"Analysis of 20,000+ extensions across Push customers",{"data":4083,"marks":4084,"value":4085,"nodeType":502},{},[]," found ",{"data":4087,"marks":4088,"value":4090,"nodeType":502},{},[4089],{"type":989},"46.76% have the permission combinations needed to perform account takeover with no user interaction",{"data":4092,"marks":4093,"value":4094,"nodeType":502},{},[],", making permissions-based risk scoring effectively useless as a triage tool. The real threat model is not malicious extensions at install time — it's legitimate extensions that ",{"data":4096,"marks":4097,"value":4099,"nodeType":502},{},[4098],{"type":2337},"become",{"data":4101,"marks":4102,"value":4103,"nodeType":502},{},[]," malicious after an ownership transfer, developer account compromise, or silent update push. Every major extension supply chain breach of the past 18 months scored as low-risk immediately before compromise.",{"data":4105,"content":4106,"nodeType":951},{},[4107],{"data":4108,"marks":4109,"value":4110,"nodeType":502},{},[],"SWGs and network tools are structurally blind to this attack surface: a malicious extension exfiltrating session tokens generates no anomalous network signal — its traffic is indistinguishable from normal browsing. Endpoint agents have no visibility into extension behavior at the session level. Extension inventory, supply chain change monitoring — ownership transfers, permission escalations, developer contact changes — and enforcement all require browser-layer access by definition.",{"data":4112,"content":4113,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":4115,"content":4116,"nodeType":1099},{},[4117],{"data":4118,"marks":4119,"value":4121,"nodeType":502},{},[4120],{"type":989},"#5 — Shadow SaaS discovery and OAuth integration governance",{"data":4123,"content":4124,"nodeType":951},{},[4125],{"data":4126,"marks":4127,"value":3987,"nodeType":502},{},[4128],{"type":989},{"data":4130,"content":4131,"nodeType":951},{},[4132,4136,4141,4145,4150],{"data":4133,"marks":4134,"value":4135,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Shadow SaaS discovery shares DNA with identity posture hardening (#3) — both start with the same browser-native visibility into login events that no other layer can replicate. Where identity posture focuses on hardening ",{"data":4137,"marks":4138,"value":4140,"nodeType":502},{},[4139],{"type":2337},"how",{"data":4142,"marks":4143,"value":4144,"nodeType":502},{},[]," employees authenticate, shadow SaaS discovery focuses on ",{"data":4146,"marks":4147,"value":4149,"nodeType":502},{},[4148],{"type":2337},"what",{"data":4151,"marks":4152,"value":4153,"nodeType":502},{},[]," they authenticate to: surfacing the full estate of applications in use across the organization, including those that IT has never sanctioned or even heard of.",{"data":4155,"content":4156,"nodeType":951},{},[4157],{"data":4158,"marks":4159,"value":4160,"nodeType":502},{},[],"OAuth integration governance is the component of shadow SaaS that is both the most potentially damaging and the hardest to surface through other means. The SaaS-to-SaaS OAuth pivot is now an industrialized attack pattern.",{"data":4162,"content":4163,"nodeType":1031},{},[4164,4185],{"data":4165,"content":4166,"nodeType":1035},{},[4167],{"data":4168,"content":4169,"nodeType":951},{},[4170,4173,4181],{"data":4171,"marks":4172,"value":2854,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":4174,"content":4176,"nodeType":973},{"uri":4175},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/analyzing-the-instructure-breach/",[4177],{"data":4178,"marks":4179,"value":4180,"nodeType":502},{},[],"ShinyHunters",{"data":4182,"marks":4183,"value":4184,"nodeType":502},{},[]," Salesforce campaign — which compromised 1,000+ organizations and 1.5 billion records — demonstrated the full chain: the attacker didn't stop at stealing customer data but harvested OAuth tokens, AWS access keys, and Snowflake tokens from breached tenants and pivoted through connected services like Salesloft, Drift, and Gainsight to reach hundreds more organizations.",{"data":4186,"content":4187,"nodeType":1035},{},[4188],{"data":4189,"content":4190,"nodeType":951},{},[4191,4194,4202],{"data":4192,"marks":4193,"value":2854,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":4195,"content":4197,"nodeType":973},{"uri":4196},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/unpacking-the-vercel-breach/",[4198],{"data":4199,"marks":4200,"value":4201,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Context.ai → Vercel",{"data":4203,"marks":4204,"value":4205,"nodeType":502},{},[]," chain followed the same logic — stored OAuth tokens from a forgotten AI app trial provided the bridge into Google Workspace, internal dashboards, and API keys. These are not isolated incidents; they are the repeatable playbook for extracting maximum value from a single compromise through the trust relationships that OAuth connections encode.",{"data":4207,"content":4208,"nodeType":951},{},[4209],{"data":4210,"marks":4211,"value":4212,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Every OAuth consent grant transits the browser — the authorization prompt, the scope disclosure, the user's approval click, and the redirect that completes the grant all happen inside a browser session — which makes the browser the only layer where an unwanted grant can be intercepted before the token is issued and the persistent access path is created. Once a token exists, the damage is done: it survives password resets, MFA changes, and session revocations, and revoking it after the fact requires first knowing it was granted, which most organizations do not.",{"data":4214,"content":4215,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":4217,"content":4218,"nodeType":1099},{},[4219],{"data":4220,"marks":4221,"value":4223,"nodeType":502},{},[4222],{"type":989},"#6 — Blocking ClickFix and social engineering-based malware delivery",{"data":4225,"content":4226,"nodeType":951},{},[4227],{"data":4228,"marks":4229,"value":4231,"nodeType":502},{},[4230],{"type":989},"Security value: High | Browser fit: Strong for interception — shared with endpoint security for execution. ConsentFix is a browser-native exception that is T1-aligned.",{"data":4233,"content":4234,"nodeType":951},{},[4235,4239,4244,4248,4255,4259,4264,4268,4273],{"data":4236,"marks":4237,"value":4238,"nodeType":502},{},[],"ClickFix was the most common initial access vector reported by Microsoft in 2025, accounting for ",{"data":4240,"marks":4241,"value":4243,"nodeType":502},{},[4242],{"type":989},"47% of observed attacks",{"data":4245,"marks":4246,"value":4247,"nodeType":502},{},[],". CrowdStrike's ",{"data":4249,"content":4250,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3330},[4251],{"data":4252,"marks":4253,"value":4254,"nodeType":502},{},[],"2026 Global Threat Report",{"data":4256,"marks":4257,"value":4258,"nodeType":502},{},[]," identified fake CAPTCHA lures as the most common malware download type, increasing ",{"data":4260,"marks":4261,"value":4263,"nodeType":502},{},[4262],{"type":989},"563% year-over-year",{"data":4265,"marks":4266,"value":4267,"nodeType":502},{},[],". The technique writes a malicious command to the victim's clipboard and social-engineers them into executing it. It is fileless (bypassing download scanning), user-executed (bypassing endpoint behavioral detections), and ",{"data":4269,"marks":4270,"value":4272,"nodeType":502},{},[4271],{"type":989},"4 in 5 ClickFix payloads intercepted by Push arrived via search engines",{"data":4274,"marks":4275,"value":4276,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — not email (bypassing email anti-phishing controls).",{"data":4278,"content":4279,"nodeType":951},{},[4280],{"data":4281,"marks":4282,"value":4283,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The browser is the earliest and most effective intervention point — detecting the clipboard injection and social engineering lure before anything reaches the endpoint in executable form. But the problem doesn't end at the browser boundary: once the command has been pasted and run, detection and remediation become endpoint problems, and a mature defense requires both layers. The broader *Fix family — FileFix, InstallFix, and similar derivatives — follows the same pattern, with the browser providing the critical early-warning layer within a defense that spans browser and endpoint.",{"data":4285,"content":4289,"nodeType":1086},{"target":4286},{"sys":4287},{"id":4288,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"39alMHtw9FPHbQINqbAgBN",[],{"data":4291,"content":4292,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":4294,"content":4295,"nodeType":1099},{},[4296],{"data":4297,"marks":4298,"value":4300,"nodeType":502},{},[4299],{"type":989},"#7 — AI visibility and control: enforcing which AI tools employees can use and how",{"data":4302,"content":4303,"nodeType":951},{},[4304],{"data":4305,"marks":4306,"value":4308,"nodeType":502},{},[4307],{"type":989},"Security value: High | Browser fit: Strong for access enforcement — but AI governance is not a new security problem so much as a force multiplier on existing ones",{"data":4310,"content":4311,"nodeType":951},{},[4312,4316,4324,4328,4337],{"data":4313,"marks":4314,"value":4315,"nodeType":502},{},[],"AI adoption is outpacing security governance at nearly every organization, and ",{"data":4317,"content":4318,"nodeType":973},{"uri":2652},[4319],{"data":4320,"marks":4321,"value":4323,"nodeType":502},{},[4322],{"type":989},"71% of organizations are concerned about data leakage via unsanctioned AI apps",{"data":4325,"marks":4326,"value":4327,"nodeType":502},{},[],". But the security problems that AI creates are not, for the most part, novel — they are existing Tier 1 problems amplified by a new category of tooling. Shadow AI apps are shadow SaaS (#5). AI OAuth integrations are OAuth governance (#5). AI browser extensions are extension security (#4). The risk of employees using personal AI accounts — ",{"data":4329,"content":4331,"nodeType":973},{"uri":4330},"https://keepaware.com/blog/46-of-sensitive-data-bypasses-your-dlp",[4332],{"data":4333,"marks":4334,"value":4336,"nodeType":502},{},[4335],{"type":989},"46% of sensitive inputs to AI tools are sent via personal accounts",{"data":4338,"marks":4339,"value":4340,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — is an identity posture problem (#3).",{"data":4342,"content":4343,"nodeType":951},{},[4344],{"data":4345,"marks":4346,"value":4347,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The component parts that allow you to govern AI are individually Tier 1 capabilities, and the browser is the best single layer for gaining visibility and control over AI usage — it sees the apps, the OAuth grants, the extensions, and the account context. But a complete end-to-end solution also requires a presence on the endpoint layer (for local AI tools, IDE-integrated agents, and API-level usage that never touches the browser), and prompt-level DLP on sanctioned tools is better handled by platform-native controls than by browser-layer observation.",{"data":4349,"content":4353,"nodeType":1086},{"target":4350},{"sys":4351},{"id":4352,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"6Py3z9VgjhKrchmYvhmbsq",[],{"data":4355,"content":4356,"nodeType":951},{},[4357],{"data":4358,"marks":4359,"value":4360,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The browser is what makes platform controls effective — if employees are using personal accounts, there are no enterprise audit logs to inspect. And for the growing category of AI agents, agentic browsers, and MCP-connected tools that operate through OAuth grants rather than direct user interaction, the browser is where the consent decisions that authorize those agents are made.",{"data":4362,"content":4363,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":4365,"content":4366,"nodeType":1099},{},[4367],{"data":4368,"marks":4369,"value":4371,"nodeType":502},{},[4370],{"type":989},"#8 — Investigation acceleration and incident response: closing the missing middle",{"data":4373,"content":4374,"nodeType":951},{},[4375],{"data":4376,"marks":4377,"value":4379,"nodeType":502},{},[4378],{"type":989},"Security value: High | Browser fit: Strong — fills a structural gap complementary to endpoint, network, and identity telemetry",{"data":4381,"content":4382,"nodeType":951},{},[4383,4387,4392,4396,4405],{"data":4384,"marks":4385,"value":4386,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Endpoint logs show what processes executed. Network logs show traffic destinations. IdP logs show authentication events. None of them show what happened ",{"data":4388,"marks":4389,"value":4391,"nodeType":502},{},[4390],{"type":2337},"inside the browser session",{"data":4393,"marks":4394,"value":4395,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — the phishing page the user saw, the credentials they entered, the malicious OAuth consent grant, the data uploaded or pasted to an unsanctioned service. This is the missing middle of modern incident investigations, and for the ",{"data":4397,"content":4399,"nodeType":973},{"uri":4398},"https://www.paloaltonetworks.co.uk/resources/research/unit-42-incident-response-report",[4400],{"data":4401,"marks":4402,"value":4404,"nodeType":502},{},[4403],{"type":989},"48% of intrusions involving browser-based activity",{"data":4406,"marks":4407,"value":4408,"nodeType":502},{},[],", the absence of browser telemetry is a significant investigative gap.",{"data":4410,"content":4411,"nodeType":951},{},[4412],{"data":4413,"marks":4414,"value":4415,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Browser-layer telemetry fills that gap with a fundamentally different quality of signal: what users actually clicked, what pages loaded and how they behaved, what credentials were entered, what session activity followed — structured, high-fidelity data from inside the session where the attack played out. That's the difference between inferring what happened and seeing it directly, and it determines scope, drives containment decisions, and provides the direct evidential record that neither endpoint DLP nor network monitoring can supply for browser-native attacks.",{"data":4417,"content":4418,"nodeType":951},{},[4419],{"data":4420,"marks":4421,"value":4422,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Browser telemetry is a key addition to the investigative picture. Investigations are inherently multi-source — without browser data, reconstructing an incident from EDR, network, and IdP logs won't tell you the full picture (particularly when attacks are increasingly delivered outside of email, intercepting users as they browse the internet normally).",{"data":4424,"content":4425,"nodeType":951},{},[4426],{"data":4427,"marks":4428,"value":4429,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The browser provides the causal link that other sources miss: the bridge between \"a user visited a URL\" and \"credentials were submitted to a phishing page that issued a session token now being replayed from an attacker-controlled browser.\" Integrated with SIEM and SOAR platforms, that signal enables automated response workflows to execute on high-confidence detections without waiting for manual triage.",{"data":4431,"content":4432,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":4434,"content":4435,"nodeType":1099},{},[4436],{"data":4437,"marks":4438,"value":4440,"nodeType":502},{},[4439],{"type":989},"#9 — Infostealer defense: detecting exposure and blocking delivery",{"data":4442,"content":4443,"nodeType":951},{},[4444],{"data":4445,"marks":4446,"value":4448,"nodeType":502},{},[4447],{"type":989},"Security value: High | Browser fit: Strong for delivery interception and stolen factor detection — complementary to endpoint security for execution",{"data":4450,"content":4451,"nodeType":951},{},[4452],{"data":4453,"marks":4454,"value":4455,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Infostealers are the upstream supply chain for a disproportionate share of the most damaging enterprise attacks — harvesting credentials, session cookies, and browser profile data en masse from infected devices, then selling the outputs on infostealer markets for use in credential stuffing, ATO, and ransomware campaigns.",{"data":4457,"content":4461,"nodeType":1086},{"target":4458},{"sys":4459},{"id":4460,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"5NF1afwu3zFGThZTtStVQA",[],{"data":4463,"content":4464,"nodeType":951},{},[4465],{"data":4466,"marks":4467,"value":4468,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The browser is relevant at two points in the infostealer kill chain. First, delivery interception: ClickFix (covered in #6) is now the primary infostealer delivery mechanism, and the browser is the only layer that can intercept it before execution. Second, detecting stolen factors when attackers attempt to use them — and infostealers produce two categories of stolen factor that the browser can guard against.",{"data":4470,"content":4471,"nodeType":1031},{},[4472,4482],{"data":4473,"content":4474,"nodeType":1035},{},[4475],{"data":4476,"content":4477,"nodeType":951},{},[4478],{"data":4479,"marks":4480,"value":4481,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Stolen credentials can be identified at the point of login: browser-layer detection flags credentials that appear in known breach datasets, catching infostealer-harvested passwords being replayed in credential stuffing campaigns before the account is compromised.",{"data":4483,"content":4484,"nodeType":1035},{},[4485],{"data":4486,"content":4487,"nodeType":951},{},[4488],{"data":4489,"marks":4490,"value":4491,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Stolen session tokens are caught through a different mechanism: sessions originating in instrumented browsers carry a marker, and when a token subsequently appears in an un-instrumented browser it is a confirmed stolen session — catching infostealer-harvested cookies being replayed regardless of how or where the token was originally harvested.",{"data":4493,"content":4494,"nodeType":951},{},[4495,4499,4508,4512,4517],{"data":4496,"marks":4497,"value":4498,"nodeType":502},{},[],"This is particularly critical for the ",{"data":4500,"content":4502,"nodeType":973},{"uri":4501},"https://www.verizon.com/business/en-gb/resources/reports/dbir/",[4503],{"data":4504,"marks":4505,"value":4507,"nodeType":502},{},[4506],{"type":989},"46% of infected devices that are unmanaged",{"data":4509,"marks":4510,"value":4511,"nodeType":502},{},[]," where EDR is absent and the stolen credentials and session tokens will never be detected at the endpoint. Infostealer ",{"data":4513,"marks":4514,"value":4516,"nodeType":502},{},[4515],{"type":2337},"execution",{"data":4518,"marks":4519,"value":4520,"nodeType":502},{},[]," remains an endpoint problem; the browser closes the delivery and replay gaps that endpoint tools miss.",{"data":4522,"content":4523,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":4525,"content":4526,"nodeType":1099},{},[4527],{"data":4528,"marks":4529,"value":4531,"nodeType":502},{},[4530],{"type":989},"#10 — Data loss prevention: a key component of effective DLP, but not the full picture",{"data":4533,"content":4534,"nodeType":951},{},[4535],{"data":4536,"marks":4537,"value":4539,"nodeType":502},{},[4538],{"type":989},"Security value: Medium-high | Browser fit: Partial — complementary to dedicated DLP",{"data":4541,"content":4542,"nodeType":951},{},[4543],{"data":4544,"marks":4545,"value":4546,"nodeType":502},{},[],"File uploads to unsanctioned services, sensitive data pasted into AI tools, and exfiltration through personal accounts are genuine and growing risks that traditional email and endpoint-centric DLP tools were not designed to catch. Browser-layer controls provide real value here — particularly for BYOD users and contractors, where endpoint DLP agents cannot be deployed and the browser is the only available data loss visibility.",{"data":4548,"content":4549,"nodeType":951},{},[4550],{"data":4551,"marks":4552,"value":4553,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The honest scope: browser-layer DLP does not cover email-based loss, endpoint-to-endpoint transfers, or cloud API exfiltration. It closes specific and important gaps within a broader DLP strategy, not a replacement for one. A further distinction for organizations evaluating browser DLP for secure third-party access: full-stack enterprise browsers can enforce deeper output controls — watermarking, obfuscation, screenshot and print restrictions — at the OS rendering level that browser extensions cannot reliably replicate. Extension-based browser DLP is strongest for upload, input, and access control use cases rather than OS-level output restriction.",{"data":4555,"content":4556,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":4558,"content":4559,"nodeType":1099},{},[4560],{"data":4561,"marks":4562,"value":4564,"nodeType":502},{},[4563],{"type":989},"Tier 3 — Lower Value: A problem best addressed outside of the browser",{"data":4566,"content":4567,"nodeType":1031},{},[4568,4583,4598,4613],{"data":4569,"content":4570,"nodeType":1035},{},[4571],{"data":4572,"content":4573,"nodeType":951},{},[4574,4579],{"data":4575,"marks":4576,"value":4578,"nodeType":502},{},[4577],{"type":989},"Browser exploit protection",{"data":4580,"marks":4581,"value":4582,"nodeType":502},{},[]," (narrow RCE/sandbox sense) ranks lower because browser zero-days represent just 9% of all zero-days reported to Google, and 82% of attack detections are now malware-free (CrowdStrike 2026). This is a problem for browser vendors to solve, and it's not a big enough problem to warrant enterprises investing in additional mitigating controls.",{"data":4584,"content":4585,"nodeType":1035},{},[4586],{"data":4587,"content":4588,"nodeType":951},{},[4589,4594],{"data":4590,"marks":4591,"value":4593,"nodeType":502},{},[4592],{"type":989},"Domain and URL category controls",{"data":4595,"marks":4596,"value":4597,"nodeType":502},{},[]," offer genuine browser-layer value but are commoditized by SWG and DNS filtering tools most organizations already operate. This can be provided in the browser, sure (and it's something we do at Push) but offers limited security value in terms of making a difference against modern attacks that quickly rotate these kinds of indicators and are designed to blend in.",{"data":4599,"content":4600,"nodeType":1035},{},[4601],{"data":4602,"content":4603,"nodeType":951},{},[4604,4609],{"data":4605,"marks":4606,"value":4608,"nodeType":502},{},[4607],{"type":989},"Access management",{"data":4610,"marks":4611,"value":4612,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — ZTNA, VPN replacement, PAM, BYOD access control — is an IT infrastructure and access architecture problem, not a security operations problem, and belongs to a different buyer with a different evaluation frame. There are numerous (typically full-stack) Enterprise Browser solutions on the market that address IT use cases like this well.",{"data":4614,"content":4615,"nodeType":1035},{},[4616],{"data":4617,"content":4618,"nodeType":951},{},[4619,4623],{"data":4620,"marks":4621,"value":354,"nodeType":502},{},[4622],{"type":989},{"data":4624,"marks":4625,"value":4626,"nodeType":502},{},[]," addresses browser exploit risk rather than the identity-first attacks that represent the majority of current enterprise browser risk, and introduces UX friction that limits deployment at scale. When it triggers, it introduces latency but still fails to detect and stop browser-native attacks.",{"data":4628,"content":4629,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":4631,"content":4632,"nodeType":1099},{},[4633],{"data":4634,"marks":4635,"value":4637,"nodeType":502},{},[4636],{"type":989},"How Push Security maps to the highest-value security use cases",{"data":4639,"content":4640,"nodeType":951},{},[4641],{"data":4642,"marks":4643,"value":4644,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push is purpose-built to address all of these problems using a flexible browser extension — plug into any browser with no migration, no host agent deployment, and no IT overhead — that delivers telemetry and control from day one, and extends coverage to every enrolled browser regardless of device ownership.",{"data":4646,"content":4647,"nodeType":4938},{},[4648,4675,4699,4723,4747,4771,4795,4819,4843,4867,4891,4915],{"data":4649,"content":4650,"nodeType":4674},{},[4651,4663],{"data":4652,"content":4653,"nodeType":4662},{},[4654],{"data":4655,"content":4656,"nodeType":951},{},[4657],{"data":4658,"marks":4659,"value":4661,"nodeType":502},{},[4660],{"type":989},"Security use case","table-cell",{"data":4664,"content":4665,"nodeType":4662},{},[4666],{"data":4667,"content":4668,"nodeType":951},{},[4669],{"data":4670,"marks":4671,"value":4673,"nodeType":502},{},[4672],{"type":989},"How Push addresses it","table-row",{"data":4676,"content":4677,"nodeType":4674},{},[4678,4689],{"data":4679,"content":4680,"nodeType":4662},{},[4681],{"data":4682,"content":4683,"nodeType":951},{},[4684],{"data":4685,"marks":4686,"value":4688,"nodeType":502},{},[4687],{"type":989},"Account takeover prevention",{"data":4690,"content":4691,"nodeType":4662},{},[4692],{"data":4693,"content":4694,"nodeType":951},{},[4695],{"data":4696,"marks":4697,"value":4698,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Surfaces and fixes ghost logins, weak and breached credentials and missing MFA controls across every app and device — including shadow SaaS and unmanaged devices invisible to the IdP. Push also detects and stops the attack techniques that typically lead to ATO early in the kill chain and before an account can be compromised.",{"data":4700,"content":4701,"nodeType":4674},{},[4702,4713],{"data":4703,"content":4704,"nodeType":4662},{},[4705],{"data":4706,"content":4707,"nodeType":951},{},[4708],{"data":4709,"marks":4710,"value":4712,"nodeType":502},{},[4711],{"type":989},"Advanced phishing detection",{"data":4714,"content":4715,"nodeType":4662},{},[4716],{"data":4717,"content":4718,"nodeType":951},{},[4719],{"data":4720,"marks":4721,"value":4722,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Behavioral page analysis detects phishing kits regardless of whether the domain is known-bad. Credential entry guardrails block corporate passwords from being submitted to unauthorized domains. TTP-based detection remains effective as attacker infrastructure rotates.",{"data":4724,"content":4725,"nodeType":4674},{},[4726,4737],{"data":4727,"content":4728,"nodeType":4662},{},[4729],{"data":4730,"content":4731,"nodeType":951},{},[4732],{"data":4733,"marks":4734,"value":4736,"nodeType":502},{},[4735],{"type":989},"Identity posture hardening",{"data":4738,"content":4739,"nodeType":4662},{},[4740],{"data":4741,"content":4742,"nodeType":951},{},[4743],{"data":4744,"marks":4745,"value":4746,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Enforces MFA, strong credentials, and SSO adoption across every app the IdP doesn't manage. Produces continuous, auditable MFA coverage and credential hygiene evidence across the full application and device estate.",{"data":4748,"content":4749,"nodeType":4674},{},[4750,4761],{"data":4751,"content":4752,"nodeType":4662},{},[4753],{"data":4754,"content":4755,"nodeType":951},{},[4756],{"data":4757,"marks":4758,"value":4760,"nodeType":502},{},[4759],{"type":989},"Browser extension security",{"data":4762,"content":4763,"nodeType":4662},{},[4764],{"data":4765,"content":4766,"nodeType":951},{},[4767],{"data":4768,"marks":4769,"value":4770,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Live extension inventory with supply chain change event monitoring — ownership transfers, permission escalations, developer contact changes — rather than static risk scoring. Supports default-deny allowlisting and remote extension removal. Blocks known-bad malicious extensions automatically.",{"data":4772,"content":4773,"nodeType":4674},{},[4774,4785],{"data":4775,"content":4776,"nodeType":4662},{},[4777],{"data":4778,"content":4779,"nodeType":951},{},[4780],{"data":4781,"marks":4782,"value":4784,"nodeType":502},{},[4783],{"type":989},"Shadow SaaS and OAuth governance",{"data":4786,"content":4787,"nodeType":4662},{},[4788],{"data":4789,"content":4790,"nodeType":951},{},[4791],{"data":4792,"marks":4793,"value":4794,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Discovers shadow SaaS from actual login events with full authentication context. Monitors and blocks OAuth consent flows — including AI and MCP integrations — in real time before persistent access paths are created.",{"data":4796,"content":4797,"nodeType":4674},{},[4798,4809],{"data":4799,"content":4800,"nodeType":4662},{},[4801],{"data":4802,"content":4803,"nodeType":951},{},[4804],{"data":4805,"marks":4806,"value":4808,"nodeType":502},{},[4807],{"type":989},"ClickFix and the *Fix family",{"data":4810,"content":4811,"nodeType":4662},{},[4812],{"data":4813,"content":4814,"nodeType":951},{},[4815],{"data":4816,"marks":4817,"value":4818,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Detects and blocks ClickFix lures, clipboard injection, and browser-native variants like ConsentFix in real time — before the payload executes or OAuth key material is captured.",{"data":4820,"content":4821,"nodeType":4674},{},[4822,4833],{"data":4823,"content":4824,"nodeType":4662},{},[4825],{"data":4826,"content":4827,"nodeType":951},{},[4828],{"data":4829,"marks":4830,"value":4832,"nodeType":502},{},[4831],{"type":989},"AI visibility & control",{"data":4834,"content":4835,"nodeType":4662},{},[4836],{"data":4837,"content":4838,"nodeType":951},{},[4839],{"data":4840,"marks":4841,"value":4842,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Enforces which AI tools employees can access and routes usage to corporate tenants. Governs AI browser extensions and blocks OAuth consent grants to unapproved AI applications — drawing on the same Tier 1 capabilities (OAuth governance, extension security, shadow SaaS discovery) that make this possible.",{"data":4844,"content":4845,"nodeType":4674},{},[4846,4857],{"data":4847,"content":4848,"nodeType":4662},{},[4849],{"data":4850,"content":4851,"nodeType":951},{},[4852],{"data":4853,"marks":4854,"value":4856,"nodeType":502},{},[4855],{"type":989},"Security investigations & incident response",{"data":4858,"content":4859,"nodeType":4662},{},[4860],{"data":4861,"content":4862,"nodeType":951},{},[4863],{"data":4864,"marks":4865,"value":4866,"nodeType":502},{},[],"High-fidelity session telemetry — page loads, credential entries, DOM changes, OAuth grants — fills the missing middle that endpoint, network, and IdP logs leave open. Feeds directly into SIEM and SOAR for automated response.",{"data":4868,"content":4869,"nodeType":4674},{},[4870,4881],{"data":4871,"content":4872,"nodeType":4662},{},[4873],{"data":4874,"content":4875,"nodeType":951},{},[4876],{"data":4877,"marks":4878,"value":4880,"nodeType":502},{},[4879],{"type":989},"Infostealer defense",{"data":4882,"content":4883,"nodeType":4662},{},[4884],{"data":4885,"content":4886,"nodeType":951},{},[4887],{"data":4888,"marks":4889,"value":4890,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Intercepts ClickFix-based infostealer delivery before execution. Detects token replay in unenrolled browser contexts — catching post-theft abuse from AiTM-sourced tokens and infostealer-harvested cookies, including from unmanaged devices.",{"data":4892,"content":4893,"nodeType":4674},{},[4894,4905],{"data":4895,"content":4896,"nodeType":4662},{},[4897],{"data":4898,"content":4899,"nodeType":951},{},[4900],{"data":4901,"marks":4902,"value":4904,"nodeType":502},{},[4903],{"type":989},"Data loss prevention",{"data":4906,"content":4907,"nodeType":4662},{},[4908],{"data":4909,"content":4910,"nodeType":951},{},[4911],{"data":4912,"marks":4913,"value":4914,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Observes file uploads, downloads, and sensitive data inputs across all applications. Extends data loss visibility to BYOD and contractor devices where endpoint DLP cannot reach.",{"data":4916,"content":4917,"nodeType":4674},{},[4918,4928],{"data":4919,"content":4920,"nodeType":4662},{},[4921],{"data":4922,"content":4923,"nodeType":951},{},[4924],{"data":4925,"marks":4926,"value":4593,"nodeType":502},{},[4927],{"type":989},{"data":4929,"content":4930,"nodeType":4662},{},[4931],{"data":4932,"content":4933,"nodeType":951},{},[4934],{"data":4935,"marks":4936,"value":4937,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Custom URL blocklists with wildcard support and REST API management for threat intelligence feed sync. Application category blocking restricts access to classes of apps (file-sharing, unsanctioned AI tools) configurable by user group. Domain categorization bringing SWG-style category blocking natively to the browser without a network proxy.","table",{"data":4940,"content":4941,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":4943,"content":4944,"nodeType":951},{},[4945,4949,4955],{"data":4946,"marks":4947,"value":4948,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push Security is the most powerful AI-native security tool in the browser. Think EDR, but for the browser — high-fidelity telemetry and real-time control across every session, on every device, with no browser migration required. ",{"data":4950,"content":4951,"nodeType":973},{"uri":1790},[4952],{"data":4953,"marks":4954,"value":1793,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":4956,"marks":4957,"value":21,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The top 10 security problems you can solve in the browser — ranked by value","Ranking the security problems you can solve in the browser by security value and browser fit.","2026-05-14T00:00:00.000Z","the-top-10-security-problems-you-can-solve-in-the-browser-ranked-by-value",{"items":4963},[4964,4966],{"sys":4965,"name":2825},{"id":2824},{"sys":4967,"name":2821},{"id":2820},{"items":4969},[4970],{"fullName":4971,"firstName":4972,"jobTitle":942,"profilePicture":4973},"Alex Henshall","Alex",{"url":4974},"https://images.ctfassets.net/y1cdw1ablpvd/2rz3Pre3b1MexPIQ4hzPUe/0ef8a092b7e7df00fbce3f7d1ccb96d1/Alex_Henshall.jpeg","shadow-ai-how-to-discover-govern-and-secure-ai-apps","blog/shadow-ai-how-to-discover-govern-and-secure-ai-apps","Why you need paved paths, not barricades, for secure AI adoption",{"json":4979},{"data":4980,"content":4981,"nodeType":947},{},[4982],{"data":4983,"content":4984,"nodeType":951},{},[4985],{"data":4986,"marks":4987,"value":4988,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Blocking AI tools doesn't stop employees from using AI — it stops you seeing how they use it. The solution: make the governed path easier than the workaround.",{"id":4990,"publishedAt":4991},"7MB9tEe6mrdNXbkYVhgyWn","2026-08-13T13:06:46.644Z",{"items":4993},[4994,4998],{"sys":4995,"name":4997},{"id":4996},"3SA5H01UkKauuiTdt0KC6q","Shadow IT",{"sys":4999,"name":5001},{"id":5000},"7ohk9lIkxMvJMwnp2Lhuad","SaaS security","ZSqOIywJotHxF2QvSwPSfiNNkPzMaRcVoRhK-0zYdL0",{"id":5004,"title":5005,"authorsCollection":5006,"content":5012,"extension":1954,"faqItemsCollection":6388,"faqTitle":59,"featured":6,"hashTags":59,"meta":6390,"metaTitle":6391,"ogImage":59,"publishedDate":6392,"relatedBlogPostsCollection":6393,"slug":8255,"stem":8256,"subtitle":59,"summary":8257,"synopsis":8267,"sys":8268,"tagsCollection":8271,"__hash__":8277},"blog/blog/browser-threat-landscape-mid-year-update-2026.json","Browser threat landscape: mid-year update 2026",{"items":5007},[5008],{"fullName":2829,"firstName":2830,"jobTitle":2831,"socialLinks":5009,"profilePicture":5011},[5010],"https://www.linkedin.com/in/daniel-g-/",{"url":2833},{"json":5013,"links":6303},{"nodeType":947,"data":5014,"content":5015},{},[5016,5023,5026,5034,5064,5072,5078,5109,5224,5266,5274,5329,5360,5366,5369,5377,5384,5392,5409,5464,5470,5477,5495,5501,5508,5514,5521,5527,5534,5540,5548,5590,5621,5640,5671,5679,5710,5741,5772,5780,5787,5806,5860,5891,5899,5917,5958,5961,5969,5976,5983,6001,6007,6014,6126,6169,6177,6196,6203,6206,6214,6221,6264,6271,6274,6280,6286],{"nodeType":951,"data":5017,"content":5018},{},[5019],{"nodeType":502,"value":5020,"marks":5021,"data":5022},"Feeling overwhelmed with the amount of cyber news stories? Tired of dodging AI vendors boasting about their agents escaping the lab? This threat landscape update cuts through the noise and covers the key developments that security teams need to be on top of.",[],{},{"nodeType":1095,"data":5024,"content":5025},{},[],{"nodeType":1099,"data":5027,"content":5028},{},[5029],{"nodeType":502,"value":5030,"marks":5031,"data":5033},"The SLH playbook becomes the industry standard",[5032],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5035,"content":5036},{},[5037,5041,5049,5053,5060],{"nodeType":502,"value":5038,"marks":5039,"data":5040},"Criminals associated with \"The Com,\" broadly known as the ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5042,"content":5044},{"uri":5043},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/scattered-lapsus-hunters",[5045],{"nodeType":502,"value":5046,"marks":5047,"data":5048},"Scattered Lapsus$ Hunters",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5050,"marks":5051,"data":5052}," collective, have spent the past three years establishing a playbook ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5054,"content":5055},{"uri":1855},[5056],{"nodeType":502,"value":5057,"marks":5058,"data":5059},"focused on identity compromise and cloud data theft",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5061,"marks":5062,"data":5063}," for extortion. They've dominated the news when it comes to public breaches: a sign of their effectiveness, or perhaps more their desire for notoriety (something that has come back to bite individuals later with a series of arrests, but hasn't hampered the overall trajectory of the breaches).",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5065,"content":5066},{},[5067],{"nodeType":502,"value":5068,"marks":5069,"data":5071},"Regardless, the data doesn't lie. Of the browser and identity-related breaches we've tracked, groups linked to \"The Com\" such as Scattered Spider, ShinyHunters, and Lapsus$ are responsible for roughly 70% (not just in 2026, but since the start of 2024). ",[5070],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":5073,"content":5077},{"target":5074},{"sys":5075},{"id":5076,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"3hODobO3VJr3LvbXkzso8I",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":5079,"content":5080},{},[5081,5085,5093,5097,5105],{"nodeType":502,"value":5082,"marks":5083,"data":5084},"The trump card of prolific criminal groups like Scattered Spider, Lapsus$, and ShinyHunters has always been their social engineering skill. Last year, they had huge success in ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5086,"content":5088},{"uri":5087},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/scattered-spider-defending-against-help-desk-scams",[5089],{"nodeType":502,"value":5090,"marks":5091,"data":5092},"tricking help desks into performing account resets",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5094,"marks":5095,"data":5096},". This year, they've switched to using voice-based lures in tandem with ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5098,"content":5100},{"uri":5099},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/unpacking-the-latest-slh-campaign",[5101],{"nodeType":502,"value":5102,"marks":5103,"data":5104},"browser-based phishing payloads",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5106,"marks":5107,"data":5108}," — usually impersonating IT staff under the guise of \"setting up passkeys.\"",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5110,"content":5111},{},[5112,5116,5124,5128,5136,5140,5148,5152,5160,5164,5172,5176,5184,5188,5196,5200,5208,5212,5220],{"nodeType":502,"value":5113,"marks":5114,"data":5115},"The vishing-to-SSO-takeover campaign has been prolific, running continuously since January: ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5117,"content":5119},{"uri":5118},"https://www.securityweek.com/panera-bread-data-breach-linked-to-shinyhunters-sso-campaign/",[5120],{"nodeType":502,"value":5121,"marks":5122,"data":5123},"Panera Bread",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5125,"marks":5126,"data":5127}," (~14M records), ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5129,"content":5131},{"uri":5130},"https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/match-group-breach-exposes-data-from-hinge-tinder-okcupid-and-match/",[5132],{"nodeType":502,"value":5133,"marks":5134,"data":5135},"Match Group",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5137,"marks":5138,"data":5139}," (Hinge, Tinder, OkCupid; 10M+ records), ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5141,"content":5143},{"uri":5142},"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/expansion-shinyhunters-saas-data-theft",[5144],{"nodeType":502,"value":5145,"marks":5146,"data":5147},"Betterment",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5149,"marks":5150,"data":5151}," (~20M records), ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5153,"content":5155},{"uri":5154},"https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/shinyhunters-extortion-gang-claims-odido-breach-affecting-millions/",[5156],{"nodeType":502,"value":5157,"marks":5158,"data":5159},"Odido",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5161,"marks":5162,"data":5163}," (6.2M Dutch telecom customers with BSNs and IBANs exposed), ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5165,"content":5167},{"uri":5166},"https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/adt-confirms-data-breach-after-shinyhunters-leak-threat/",[5168],{"nodeType":502,"value":5169,"marks":5170,"data":5171},"ADT",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5173,"marks":5174,"data":5175}," (5.5M records), ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5177,"content":5179},{"uri":5178},"https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/charter-communications-data-breach-affects-49-million-accounts/",[5180],{"nodeType":502,"value":5181,"marks":5182,"data":5183},"Charter Communications",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5185,"marks":5186,"data":5187}," (4.9M accounts), ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5189,"content":5191},{"uri":5190},"https://www.theregister.com/2026/04/24/shinyhunters_claim_cruise_giant_carnivals/",[5192],{"nodeType":502,"value":5193,"marks":5194,"data":5195},"Carnival Corporation",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5197,"marks":5198,"data":5199}," (6M records), and",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5201,"content":5203},{"uri":5202},"https://www.theregister.com/2026/04/28/pitney_bowes_is_the_latest/",[5204],{"nodeType":502,"value":5205,"marks":5206,"data":5207}," Pitney Bowes",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5209,"marks":5210,"data":5211}," (8.2M emails per HIBP). ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5213,"content":5215},{"uri":5214},"https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/ad-tech-firm-optimizely-confirms-data-breach-after-vishing-attack/",[5216],{"nodeType":502,"value":5217,"marks":5218,"data":5219},"Optimizely",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5221,"marks":5222,"data":5223}," is notable as the first confirmed case where attackers deployed both AiTM credential harvesting and device code phishing against the same target.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5225,"content":5226},{},[5227,5231,5239,5243,5251,5255,5263],{"nodeType":502,"value":5228,"marks":5229,"data":5230},"Since mid-2025, SaaS apps like Salesforce have been a persistent target for data theft and extortion — as seen in the first large-scale criminal ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5232,"content":5234},{"uri":5233},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/device-code-phishing",[5235],{"nodeType":502,"value":5236,"marks":5237,"data":5238},"device code phishing",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5240,"marks":5241,"data":5242}," campaign that preceded this year's adoption spike. ShinyHunters also led the way with OAuth supply chain abuse — compromising SaaS vendors like ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5244,"content":5246},{"uri":5245},"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/data-theft-salesforce-instances-via-salesloft-drift",[5247],{"nodeType":502,"value":5248,"marks":5249,"data":5250},"Salesloft, Drift, and GainSight",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5252,"marks":5253,"data":5254}," and leveraging stored OAuth tokens to penetrate downstream customer environments, a pattern that has since ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5256,"content":5258},{"uri":5257},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/unpacking-the-vercel-breach",[5259],{"nodeType":502,"value":5260,"marks":5261,"data":5262},"repeated at scale",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":3017,"marks":5264,"data":5265},[],{},{"nodeType":1402,"data":5267,"content":5268},{},[5269],{"nodeType":502,"value":5270,"marks":5271,"data":5273},"Copycats and nation-state adoption",[5272],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5275,"content":5276},{},[5277,5281,5289,5293,5301,5305,5313,5317,5325],{"nodeType":502,"value":5278,"marks":5279,"data":5280},"Wider groups are now running the SLH playbook independently. ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5282,"content":5284},{"uri":5283},"https://hackread.com/pink-extortion-microsoft-365-cloud-data-vishing-scams/",[5285],{"nodeType":502,"value":5286,"marks":5287,"data":5288},"Pink",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5290,"marks":5291,"data":5292}," (the latest rebrand in the",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5294,"content":5296},{"uri":5295},"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/unc6671-targets-financial-services-and-enterprise-cloud-environments",[5297],{"nodeType":502,"value":5298,"marks":5299,"data":5300}," BlackFile",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5302,"marks":5303,"data":5304},"-Redact succession) runs vishing combined with passkey-themed credential phishing for M365 extortion. ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5306,"content":5308},{"uri":5307},"https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/new-helix-vishing-group-emerges-in-sharepoint-data-theft-attacks/",[5309],{"nodeType":502,"value":5310,"marks":5311,"data":5312},"Helix",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5314,"marks":5315,"data":5316}," also emerged shortly after BlackFile shut down, pairing vishing with device code phishing and MFA registration for persistence. ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5318,"content":5320},{"uri":5319},"https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/kongtuke-hackers-now-use-microsoft-teams-for-corporate-breaches/",[5321],{"nodeType":502,"value":5322,"marks":5323,"data":5324},"KongTuke",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5326,"marks":5327,"data":5328},", an independent initial access broker, adopted a similar help-desk impersonation model via Teams external messaging.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5330,"content":5331},{},[5332,5336,5344,5348,5356],{"nodeType":502,"value":5333,"marks":5334,"data":5335},"It's not just criminal groups either. Recently, we saw a campaign linked to Russian actors that used ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5337,"content":5339},{"uri":5338},"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2026/07/31/captivecrunch-midnight-blizzard-targets-travelers-worldwide-for-malware-delivery-and-credential-theft/",[5340],{"nodeType":502,"value":5341,"marks":5342,"data":5343},"compromised hotel and conference Wi-Fi gateways",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5345,"marks":5346,"data":5347}," to direct victims to AiTM, ClickFix, and device code phishing pages. And ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5349,"content":5351},{"uri":5350},"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/chinese-language-phishing-services/",[5352],{"nodeType":502,"value":5353,"marks":5354,"data":5355},"Google Threat Intelligence mapped",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5357,"marks":5358,"data":5359}," a dozen Chinese-language PhaaS platforms with real-time MFA interception.",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":5361,"content":5365},{"target":5362},{"sys":5363},{"id":5364,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"6q2NwH6Q4DJE7RNeYheIvJ",[],{"nodeType":1095,"data":5367,"content":5368},{},[],{"nodeType":1099,"data":5370,"content":5371},{},[5372],{"nodeType":502,"value":5373,"marks":5374,"data":5376},"Phishing infrastructure has reached an industrial scale",[5375],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5378,"content":5379},{},[5380],{"nodeType":502,"value":5381,"marks":5382,"data":5383},"The SLH playbook works because it sits on top of an industrialized infrastructure layer that continues to grow. Phishing-as-a-Service platforms, device code phishing kits, ClickFix Malware-as-a-Service providers, vishing operations, and OAuth supply chain attacks have all matured into commodity services — and they're shipping faster than ever.",[],{},{"nodeType":1402,"data":5385,"content":5386},{},[5387],{"nodeType":502,"value":5388,"marks":5389,"data":5391},"Device code phishing goes mainstream",[5390],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5393,"content":5394},{},[5395,5399,5405],{"nodeType":502,"value":5396,"marks":5397,"data":5398},"We're tracking a huge spike in ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5400,"content":5401},{"uri":5233},[5402],{"nodeType":502,"value":5236,"marks":5403,"data":5404},[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5406,"marks":5407,"data":5408}," since the start of 2026, with 25+ distinct kits now offering the technique. At the beginning of the year, we were tracking one or two.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5410,"content":5411},{},[5412,5416,5424,5428,5436,5440,5448,5452,5460],{"nodeType":502,"value":5413,"marks":5414,"data":5415},"What began with ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5417,"content":5419},{"uri":5418},"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2025/02/13/storm-2372-conducts-device-code-phishing-campaign/",[5420],{"nodeType":502,"value":5421,"marks":5422,"data":5423},"Storm-2372's nation-state campaigns",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5425,"marks":5426,"data":5427}," in August 2024 has proliferated through criminal kits like ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5429,"content":5431},{"uri":5430},"https://thehackernews.com/2026/05/the-new-phishing-click-how-oauth-consent.html",[5432],{"nodeType":502,"value":5433,"marks":5434,"data":5435},"EvilTokens",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5437,"marks":5438,"data":5439}," (340+ organizations in its first five weeks), ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5441,"content":5443},{"uri":5442},"https://www.huntress.com/blog/kali365-device-code-phishing-kit",[5444],{"nodeType":502,"value":5445,"marks":5446,"data":5447},"Kali365",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5449,"marks":5450,"data":5451}," (which earned an FBI public advisory), ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5453,"content":5455},{"uri":5454},"https://blog.talosintelligence.com/artoken-inside-an-eviltokens-affiliate-panel-targeting-microsoft-365/",[5456],{"nodeType":502,"value":5457,"marks":5458,"data":5459},"ARToken",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5461,"marks":5462,"data":5463},", DEBULL, Forg365, and many more.",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":5465,"content":5469},{"target":5466},{"sys":5467},{"id":5468,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"7G6ytXRQPWatOyYarqgMK2",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":5471,"content":5472},{},[5473],{"nodeType":502,"value":5474,"marks":5475,"data":5476},"The existing PhaaS marketplace, previously dominated by AiTM phishing kits as the standard, has also pivoted to take advantage of the demand for the technique.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5478,"content":5479},{},[5480,5484,5491],{"nodeType":502,"value":5481,"marks":5482,"data":5483},"Established AiTM vendors like Tycoon 2FA have ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5485,"content":5486},{"uri":3352},[5487],{"nodeType":502,"value":5488,"marks":5489,"data":5490},"added device code phishing",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5492,"marks":5493,"data":5494}," alongside their existing credential-harvesting capabilities, meaning the same platforms now offer both techniques interchangeably based on what works against a given target. Several kits like Venom, EvilTokens, Kali365 all reportedly offer both capabilities, while many of the detections we see match the signatures for existing kits in our database (for example, with Venom triggering our existing Sneaky2FA detections) — suggesting an overlap in kit developers or their codebases.",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":5496,"content":5500},{"target":5497},{"sys":5498},{"id":5499,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"3urXbEwK0OSjXQ7lOMDEoc",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":5502,"content":5503},{},[5504],{"nodeType":502,"value":5505,"marks":5506,"data":5507},"When you look at the full picture, it's notable to see a mixture of AiTM and device code kits in our top detected kits, with most of the top 5 now offering both.",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":5509,"content":5513},{"target":5510},{"sys":5511},{"id":5512,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"4ipTS2U4HE1VLSLmA6DJgB",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":5515,"content":5516},{},[5517],{"nodeType":502,"value":5518,"marks":5519,"data":5520},"PhaaS vendors are pivoting because device code phishing defeats all MFA (including passkeys) by targeting the authorization layer rather than the login. It's also an unfamiliar phishing scenario that most people aren't really prepared for.",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":5522,"content":5526},{"target":5523},{"sys":5524},{"id":5525,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"3UDzUCCizPJhXp3SsoZuSK",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":5528,"content":5529},{},[5530],{"nodeType":502,"value":5531,"marks":5532,"data":5533},"And because they're being used interchangeably, there's no downside for the attacker. In one recent example, we saw the attack automatically fall back to AiTM after the device code method timed out, giving the operator two shots at the same victim without manual intervention.",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":5535,"content":5539},{"target":5536},{"sys":5537},{"id":5538,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"3SPsKzwBNxl4d9QRukBtwt",[],{"nodeType":1402,"data":5541,"content":5542},{},[5543],{"nodeType":502,"value":5544,"marks":5545,"data":5547},"PhaaS platform evolution and evasion",[5546],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5549,"content":5550},{},[5551,5555,5563,5566,5574,5578,5586],{"nodeType":502,"value":5552,"marks":5553,"data":5554},"The broader PhaaS ecosystem continues to expand and evolve. New platform launches this quarter include ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5556,"content":5558},{"uri":5557},"https://www.cloudsek.com/blog/bluekit-phishing-as-a-service-phaas",[5559],{"nodeType":502,"value":5560,"marks":5561,"data":5562},"Bluekit",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":3824,"marks":5564,"data":5565},[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5567,"content":5569},{"uri":5568},"https://abnormal.ai/blog/blacksite-aitm-phishing-kit-cloaked-gg",[5570],{"nodeType":502,"value":5571,"marks":5572,"data":5573},"Blacksite and Cloaked.gg",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5575,"marks":5576,"data":5577}," — offering dedicated anti-scanner cloaking as a service for phishing infrastructure — and ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5579,"content":5581},{"uri":5580},"https://threatactix.com/2026/07/02/a-rare-look-inside-the-command-and-control-panel-behind-modern-phishing-operations/",[5582],{"nodeType":502,"value":5583,"marks":5584,"data":5585},"WackoGinx",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5587,"marks":5588,"data":5589},", a multi-platform C2 panel that enables operators to manage simultaneous phishing campaigns.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5591,"content":5592},{},[5593,5597,5605,5609,5617],{"nodeType":502,"value":5594,"marks":5595,"data":5596},"Sneaky 2FA changes have also been documented, with what ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5598,"content":5600},{"uri":5599},"https://zerobec.com/blog/sneaky-2fa-returns-trusted-sender-tenant-branded-microsoft-365-replay",[5601],{"nodeType":502,"value":5602,"marks":5603,"data":5604},"ZeroBEC calls \"route polymorphism\"",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5606,"marks":5607,"data":5608}," (a complicated way of saying the kit randomizes URL paths and filenames on every visit) while separately adopting ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5610,"content":5612},{"uri":5611},"https://blog.barracuda.com/2026/06/29/email-threat-radar-june-2026",[5613],{"nodeType":502,"value":5614,"marks":5615,"data":5616},"split-click buttons and blob URLs",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5618,"marks":5619,"data":5620}," designed to evade link analysis (where buttons have two links: automated scanners interact with one and see a legitimate Microsoft page, but humans naturally click the larger, more visually prominent bottom one and get routed via a blob URL to the phishing page). ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5622,"content":5623},{},[5624,5628,5636],{"nodeType":502,"value":5625,"marks":5626,"data":5627},"The speed of technique adoption across these platforms is itself accelerating. ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5629,"content":5631},{"uri":5630},"https://sublime.security/blog/flowerstorm-unleashes-the-krakvm-phaas-operators-turn-to-vm-based-obfuscation/",[5632],{"nodeType":502,"value":5633,"marks":5634,"data":5635},"FlowerStorm adopted",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5637,"marks":5638,"data":5639}," KrakVM (an open-source JavaScript VM that compiles malicious JS into encrypted bytecode, defeating email security static analysis) within a month of KrakVM's public release on GitHub. The gap between a new evasion technique appearing publicly and its incorporation into commodity phishing kits has compressed to weeks.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5641,"content":5642},{},[5643,5647,5655,5659,5667],{"nodeType":502,"value":5644,"marks":5645,"data":5646},"At the same time, target surfaces are expanding: ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5648,"content":5650},{"uri":5649},"https://securitylabs.datadoghq.com/articles/behind-the-console-aws-aitm-phishing-kit-and-beyond/",[5651],{"nodeType":502,"value":5652,"marks":5653,"data":5654},"Datadog documented",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5656,"marks":5657,"data":5658}," an AWS console AiTM kit that dynamically adapts to the victim's configured second factor (an example of ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5660,"content":5662},{"uri":5661},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/mfa-downgrade-attacks",[5663],{"nodeType":502,"value":5664,"marks":5665,"data":5666},"MFA downgrade",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5668,"marks":5669,"data":5670}," in the wild), extending AiTM phishing from IdPs and SaaS applications to cloud infrastructure consoles.",[],{},{"nodeType":1402,"data":5672,"content":5673},{},[5674],{"nodeType":502,"value":5675,"marks":5676,"data":5678},"ClickFix as a service",[5677],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5680,"content":5681},{},[5682,5686,5694,5698,5706],{"nodeType":502,"value":5683,"marks":5684,"data":5685},"ClickFix has also continued to industrialize. ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5687,"content":5689},{"uri":5688},"https://blog.sekoia.io/unveiling-errtraffic-inside-a-growing-clickfix-malware-distribution-framework/",[5690],{"nodeType":502,"value":5691,"marks":5692,"data":5693},"Sekoia documented",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5695,"marks":5696,"data":5697}," the ErrTraffic MaaS platform achieving a 60% victim conversion rate, while researchers ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5699,"content":5701},{"uri":5700},"https://kqlquery.com/posts/clickfix-gift-that-keeps-on-giving/",[5702],{"nodeType":502,"value":5703,"marks":5704,"data":5705},"mapped approximately 3,000 live ClickFix payloads",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5707,"marks":5708,"data":5709}," being served through API-driven backends that dynamically generate uniquely obfuscated payloads per victim — essentially the ClickFix PhaaS equivalent.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5711,"content":5712},{},[5713,5717,5725,5729,5737],{"nodeType":502,"value":5714,"marks":5715,"data":5716},"The technique has also expanded cross-platform, with Unit 42 documenting ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5718,"content":5720},{"uri":5719},"https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/new-macos-clickfix-attack-silently-mounts-dmgs-to-push-infostealer/",[5721],{"nodeType":502,"value":5722,"marks":5723,"data":5724},"macOS ClickFix variants",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5726,"marks":5727,"data":5728}," that mount DMGs and bypass Gatekeeper to deliver AMOS infostealer. At the mass deployment end, over ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5730,"content":5732},{"uri":5731},"https://blog.xlab.qianxin.com/ghost-cms-mass-compromised-via-cve-2026-26980-now-fueling-clickfix-attacks/",[5733],{"nodeType":502,"value":5734,"marks":5735,"data":5736},"700 Ghost CMS sites were compromised",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5738,"marks":5739,"data":5740}," to serve ClickFix payloads in May, and the Gizmodo homepage was injected in June.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5742,"content":5743},{},[5744,5748,5756,5760,5768],{"nodeType":502,"value":5745,"marks":5746,"data":5747},"Nation-state actors are building around ClickFix too. Two DPRK subgroups independently stood up ClickFix infrastructure in July: ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5749,"content":5751},{"uri":5750},"https://thehackernews.com/2026/07/bluenoroff-zoom-phishing-kit-profiles.html",[5752],{"nodeType":502,"value":5753,"marks":5754,"data":5755},"BlueNoroff",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5757,"marks":5758,"data":5759}," targeting crypto professionals via Zoom impersonation with wallet profiling before payload delivery, and ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5761,"content":5763},{"uri":5762},"https://socradar.io/blog/dprk-clickfake-pylangghost-golangghost-rats/",[5764],{"nodeType":502,"value":5765,"marks":5766,"data":5767},"Famous Chollima",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5769,"marks":5770,"data":5771}," embedding ClickFix in multi-stage fake job interviews.",[],{},{"nodeType":1402,"data":5773,"content":5774},{},[5775],{"nodeType":502,"value":5776,"marks":5777,"data":5779},"Vishing as a payload delivery mechanism",[5778],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5781,"content":5782},{},[5783],{"nodeType":502,"value":5784,"marks":5785,"data":5786},"Vishing functions as a reliable delivery mechanism for all of these payloads, leveraged by ShinyHunters, Pink, and Helix (among many others) to deliver AiTM and device code phishing. A human operator on a phone call drives the victim through a browser-based technical payload, and the vishing delivery gets around email security controls.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5788,"content":5789},{},[5790,5794,5802],{"nodeType":502,"value":5791,"marks":5792,"data":5793},"When Push researchers ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5795,"content":5797},{"uri":5796},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/inside-criminal-phishing-panel/",[5798],{"nodeType":502,"value":5799,"marks":5800,"data":5801},"infiltrated the phishing panels",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5803,"marks":5804,"data":5805}," linked to ShinyHunters' campaigns, we found the mechanics for a live attacker relaying credentials and pushing new prompts in real time during the call, across 400+ linked domains and four infrastructure clusters.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5807,"content":5808},{},[5809,5813,5821,5825,5833,5837,5845,5849,5857],{"nodeType":502,"value":5810,"marks":5811,"data":5812},"The financial scale is now quantifiable: ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5814,"content":5816},{"uri":5815},"https://www.darkreading.com/cyberattacks-data-breaches/silent-ransom-us-law-firms-extortion-attacks",[5817],{"nodeType":502,"value":5818,"marks":5819,"data":5820},"Luna Moth",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5822,"marks":5823,"data":5824}," (Silent Ransom Group), a ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5826,"content":5828},{"uri":5827},"https://www.crowdstrike.com/en-us/adversaries/chatty-spider/",[5829],{"nodeType":502,"value":5830,"marks":5831,"data":5832},"Russia-linked Conti spinoff",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5834,"marks":5835,"data":5836}," operating independently of the Com, has extracted ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5838,"content":5840},{"uri":5839},"https://www.theinsurer.com/ti/news/exclusive-weil-gotshal-paid-double-digit-millions-in-suppression-payment-to-luna-2026-05-27/",[5841],{"nodeType":502,"value":5842,"marks":5843,"data":5844},"up to $48 million",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5846,"marks":5847,"data":5848}," from Am Law 100 firms in 2026 alone, with 48 law firms on their leak site and the ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5850,"content":5852},{"uri":5851},"https://www.ic3.gov/CSA/2026/260526.pdf",[5853],{"nodeType":502,"value":5854,"marks":5855,"data":5856},"FBI issuing a dedicated flash alert",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":3017,"marks":5858,"data":5859},[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5861,"content":5862},{},[5863,5867,5875,5879,5887],{"nodeType":502,"value":5864,"marks":5865,"data":5866},"The infrastructure behind these campaigns is industrializing independently. ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5868,"content":5870},{"uri":5869},"https://www.okta.com/blog/threat-intelligence/behind-the-scenes-of-a-vishing-operation/",[5871],{"nodeType":502,"value":5872,"marks":5873,"data":5874},"Okta obtained access to Work Panel",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5876,"marks":5877,"data":5878},", a multi-tenant vishing MaaS platform where phishing site standup is a one-button operation and callers are deliberately insulated from the credentials they help steal. Zscaler separately ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5880,"content":5882},{"uri":5881},"https://www.zscaler.com/blogs/security-research/helpdesk-hijackers-teams-vishing-quick-assist-and-gogrpc-backdoor",[5883],{"nodeType":502,"value":5884,"marks":5885,"data":5886},"documented a dedicated Teams-vishing initial access broker",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5888,"marks":5889,"data":5890}," operating since January 2026, building bespoke post-access tooling and selling access to ransomware operators.",[],{},{"nodeType":1402,"data":5892,"content":5893},{},[5894],{"nodeType":502,"value":5895,"marks":5896,"data":5898},"OAuth supply chain attacks",[5897],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5900,"content":5901},{},[5902,5906,5913],{"nodeType":502,"value":5903,"marks":5904,"data":5905},"The OAuth supply chain dimension has also continued to produce confirmed victims. The ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5907,"content":5908},{"uri":5245},[5909],{"nodeType":502,"value":5910,"marks":5911,"data":5912},"Salesloft/Drift supply chain attack",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5914,"marks":5915,"data":5916}," in 2025 set the template: compromise one SaaS vendor, steal OAuth tokens, access 700+ downstream customer Salesforce environments.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5918,"content":5919},{},[5920,5924,5932,5936,5942,5946,5954],{"nodeType":502,"value":5921,"marks":5922,"data":5923},"In 2026, the ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5925,"content":5927},{"uri":5926},"https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/vimeo-data-breach-exposes-personal-information-of-119-000-people/",[5928],{"nodeType":502,"value":5929,"marks":5930,"data":5931},"Anodot compromise",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5933,"marks":5934,"data":5935}," cascaded through to Vimeo, Rockstar Games, and Zara. The ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5937,"content":5938},{"uri":4196},[5939],{"nodeType":502,"value":4201,"marks":5940,"data":5941},[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5943,"marks":5944,"data":5945}," breach followed the same structural pattern. And the ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5947,"content":5949},{"uri":5948},"https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/klue-oauth-breach-victim-list-grows-as-icarus-hackers-claim-attack/",[5950],{"nodeType":502,"value":5951,"marks":5952,"data":5953},"Klue/Icarus breach",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":5955,"marks":5956,"data":5957}," in June — where attackers pivoted from a legacy credential through stored OAuth tokens to exfiltrate Salesforce data from Huntress, Recorded Future, and Jamf among others — showed that OAuth tokens have become a tried and tested lateral movement vector in SaaS environments.",[],{},{"nodeType":1095,"data":5959,"content":5960},{},[],{"nodeType":1099,"data":5962,"content":5963},{},[5964],{"nodeType":502,"value":5965,"marks":5966,"data":5968},"AI is a force multiplier for attackers",[5967],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5970,"content":5971},{},[5972],{"nodeType":502,"value":5973,"marks":5974,"data":5975},"Much of the security industry's AI threat discussion has focused on autonomous offensive AI and novel attack classes like prompt injection. But the place where AI is having the most measurable impact right now is less dramatic and more consequential: it's accelerating how the techniques we've already been tracking get built and operated.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5977,"content":5978},{},[5979],{"nodeType":502,"value":5980,"marks":5981,"data":5982},"The evidence is visible at every layer of the attack chain. Pretty much every phishing kit we come across in 2026 shows clear signs of vibe coding. For the classic AiTM lure, we used to find heavy obfuscation — attackers used to put a lot of effort into hiding their attacks. But now, they're essentially built to be disposable, and are full of verbose comments and nicely named unobfuscated functions. Why bother hiding when you can just spin up a new one? This is particularly notable when it comes to device code phishing, which owes its massive scale-up this year to vibecoded kits. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":5984,"content":5985},{},[5986,5990,5998],{"nodeType":502,"value":5987,"marks":5988,"data":5989},"You can see more examples of these kits under the hood in our blog post ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":5991,"content":5993},{"uri":5992},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/inside-criminal-phishing-panel",[5994],{"nodeType":502,"value":5995,"marks":5996,"data":5997},"infiltrating a criminal phishing panel. ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":21,"marks":5999,"data":6000},[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":6002,"content":6006},{"target":6003},{"sys":6004},{"id":6005,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"01mOiserRBXraawXwQyJNm",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":6008,"content":6009},{},[6010],{"nodeType":502,"value":6011,"marks":6012,"data":6013},"Beyond vibe-coded kits, attackers are embedding AI as an integrated operational capability. ",[],{},{"nodeType":1031,"data":6015,"content":6016},{},[6017,6039,6060,6082,6104],{"nodeType":1035,"data":6018,"content":6019},{},[6020],{"nodeType":951,"data":6021,"content":6022},{},[6023,6027,6035],{"nodeType":502,"value":6024,"marks":6025,"data":6026},"The first major device code phishing kit identified in the wild, EvilTokens, ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":6028,"content":6030},{"uri":6029},"https://www.huntress.com/blog/railway-paas-m365-token-replay-campaign",[6031],{"nodeType":502,"value":6032,"marks":6033,"data":6034},"heavily used Railway",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":6036,"marks":6037,"data":6038},", a PaaS built for vibe coding with prompt-based deployment and teardown of infrastructure. EvilTokens itself packaged AI workflows for email filter bypass, lure tailoring, and identifying high-value mailboxes. ",[],{},{"nodeType":1035,"data":6040,"content":6041},{},[6042],{"nodeType":951,"data":6043,"content":6044},{},[6045,6049,6056],{"nodeType":502,"value":6046,"marks":6047,"data":6048},"Kali365's E2 edition includes an AI-powered BEC module that ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":6050,"content":6051},{"uri":5442},[6052],{"nodeType":502,"value":6053,"marks":6054,"data":6055},"uses Claude Sonnet",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":6057,"marks":6058,"data":6059}," to score intercepted conversations for fraud opportunity and draft contextual wire-transfer redirect replies — not an autonomous attack, but an AI-augmented workflow that makes an existing phishing kit more effective.",[],{},{"nodeType":1035,"data":6061,"content":6062},{},[6063],{"nodeType":951,"data":6064,"content":6065},{},[6066,6069,6078],{"nodeType":502,"value":21,"marks":6067,"data":6068},[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":6070,"content":6072},{"uri":6071},"https://thehackernews.com/2026/07/exposed-server-reveals-ai-assisted.html",[6073],{"nodeType":502,"value":6074,"marks":6075,"data":6077},"Rapid7's analysis of an exposed server",[6076],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":6079,"marks":6080,"data":6081}," containing a complete phishing toolkit turned up over 1,000 delivery artifacts alongside hardcoded paths to AI coding tools and LLM-style documentation.",[],{},{"nodeType":1035,"data":6083,"content":6084},{},[6085],{"nodeType":951,"data":6086,"content":6087},{},[6088,6092,6100],{"nodeType":502,"value":6089,"marks":6090,"data":6091},"Three independent operators were ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":6093,"content":6095},{"uri":6094},"https://thehackernews.com/2026/07/misconfigured-server-reveals-three.html",[6096],{"nodeType":502,"value":6097,"marks":6098,"data":6099},"found running kits from public GitHub forks",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":6101,"marks":6102,"data":6103}," with minimal, AI-assisted customization: one had been operating for over a year with 218 victims across 12 countries, running infrastructure that would previously have required significantly more technical ability to maintain. ",[],{},{"nodeType":1035,"data":6105,"content":6106},{},[6107],{"nodeType":951,"data":6108,"content":6109},{},[6110,6114,6122],{"nodeType":502,"value":6111,"marks":6112,"data":6113},"The tooling itself is starting to embed AI as a product feature — ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":6115,"content":6117},{"uri":6116},"https://www.varonis.com/blog/dolphin-x-stealer",[6118],{"nodeType":502,"value":6119,"marks":6120,"data":6121},"Dolphin X",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":6123,"marks":6124,"data":6125},", a new MaaS infostealer targeting 300+ applications across browsers, password managers, cloud CLI tools, and crypto wallets, ships an AI Profiler that scores infected machines by application usage and installed software, then delivers daily ranked summaries so operators can prioritize high-value victims from thousands of infections.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":6127,"content":6128},{},[6129,6133,6141,6145,6153,6157,6165],{"nodeType":502,"value":6130,"marks":6131,"data":6132},"AI adoption itself has also become an attack surface. Users searching for AI desktop applications are already looking to download and install software, and attackers are capitalizing on that behavior: a ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":6134,"content":6136},{"uri":6135},"https://www.huntress.com/blog/fakeagent-claude-desktop-malvertising-ends-in-dotnet-rat",[6137],{"nodeType":502,"value":6138,"marks":6139,"data":6140},"malicious Claude.ai Artifact impersonating a download portal",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":6142,"marks":6143,"data":6144}," drew 7,100 visits via Bing search ads and compromised 29 organizations in 48 hours, following the ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":6146,"content":6148},{"uri":6147},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/llmshare-malvertising-campaign/",[6149],{"nodeType":502,"value":6150,"marks":6151,"data":6152},"LLMShare attack pattern",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":6154,"marks":6155,"data":6156}," we documented in May. A second campaign, ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":6158,"content":6160},{"uri":6159},"https://www.huntress.com/blog/macsync-stealer-rat-reverse-engineering",[6161],{"nodeType":502,"value":6162,"marks":6163,"data":6164},"MacSync",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":6166,"marks":6167,"data":6168},", used a claude.ai conversation styled as an installation guide to deliver a macOS infostealer via a ClickFix-adjacent terminal paste, also distributed through Google Ads. In both cases, the AI platform's trusted domain carried the malicious content past URL reputation filters.",[],{},{"nodeType":1402,"data":6170,"content":6171},{},[6172],{"nodeType":502,"value":6173,"marks":6174,"data":6176},"But the core techniques aren't changing",[6175],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":6178,"content":6179},{},[6180,6184,6192],{"nodeType":502,"value":6181,"marks":6182,"data":6183},"AI compresses the bottom layers of the ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":6185,"content":6187},{"uri":6186},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/the-pyramid-of-pain-in-the-ai-era/",[6188],{"nodeType":502,"value":6189,"marks":6190,"data":6191},"Pyramid of Pain",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":6193,"marks":6194,"data":6195}," (unique hashes, domains, IP addresses, host artifacts) by enabling faster domain rotation, cheaper kit development, and rotating payloads, but the technique-level behaviors remain unchanged.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":6197,"content":6198},{},[6199],{"nodeType":502,"value":6200,"marks":6201,"data":6202},"A phishing page still has to harvest credentials. Device code phishing still has to abuse the authorization grant. ClickFix still has to inject a clipboard payload. Those behavioral signatures are structurally resistant to AI-driven variation because changing them means changing how the attack works.",[],{},{"nodeType":1095,"data":6204,"content":6205},{},[],{"nodeType":1099,"data":6207,"content":6208},{},[6209],{"nodeType":502,"value":6210,"marks":6211,"data":6213},"What this means for defenders",[6212],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":951,"data":6215,"content":6216},{},[6217],{"nodeType":502,"value":6218,"marks":6219,"data":6220},"Every trend documented here converges on the same control point: the browser. The AI acceleration that makes all of it faster and cheaper doesn't change where the attacks execute, or how Push intercepts them.",[],{},{"nodeType":1031,"data":6222,"content":6223},{},[6224,6234,6244,6254],{"nodeType":1035,"data":6225,"content":6226},{},[6227],{"nodeType":951,"data":6228,"content":6229},{},[6230],{"nodeType":502,"value":6231,"marks":6232,"data":6233},"For AiTM phishing, Push's behavioral detection analyzes and blocks the phishing page in real time, regardless of which domains or hosting infrastructure the kit uses on any given day.",[],{},{"nodeType":1035,"data":6235,"content":6236},{},[6237],{"nodeType":951,"data":6238,"content":6239},{},[6240],{"nodeType":502,"value":6241,"marks":6242,"data":6243},"For device code phishing, Push detects both the phishing pages associated with device code kits and provides an additional layer on the legitimate device code authentication pages themselves, so users cannot enter attacker-supplied codes.",[],{},{"nodeType":1035,"data":6245,"content":6246},{},[6247],{"nodeType":951,"data":6248,"content":6249},{},[6250],{"nodeType":502,"value":6251,"marks":6252,"data":6253},"For ClickFix, Push detects the clipboard injection at the moment the malicious payload is written.",[],{},{"nodeType":1035,"data":6255,"content":6256},{},[6257],{"nodeType":951,"data":6258,"content":6259},{},[6260],{"nodeType":502,"value":6261,"marks":6262,"data":6263},"For OAuth supply chain attacks, Push monitors and controls consent flows at the browser layer, so security teams can govern which applications obtain tokens in the first place.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":6265,"content":6266},{},[6267],{"nodeType":502,"value":6268,"marks":6269,"data":6270},"As AI enables more kits, more operators, and faster infrastructure rotation, indicator-based defenses that target domains, IPs, and hashes become less effective by the day. 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security engineer has a version of this ritual. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":6983,"content":6984},{},[6985],{"nodeType":502,"value":6986,"marks":6987,"data":6988},"A new campaign hits the news, and you already hear the question coming, “Are we covered?”",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":6990,"content":6991},{},[6992],{"nodeType":502,"value":6993,"marks":6994,"data":6995},"So you read the writeup and quickly do the calculus on whether you can extract meaningful data, something to base a behavioral detection around — or not.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":6997,"content":6998},{},[6999],{"nodeType":502,"value":7000,"marks":7001,"data":7002},"Then the choice is: Send the IOCs you can identify to your blocklists and move on for now, or try to dig deeper. The limitations of the first choice are clear; so are the challenges of the second.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7004,"content":7005},{},[7006],{"nodeType":502,"value":7007,"marks":7008,"data":7009},"That’s the uncomfortable gap between “We’re aware of this threat” and “We have strong detections around it.”",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7011,"content":7012},{},[7013,7017,7026],{"nodeType":502,"value":7014,"marks":7015,"data":7016},"Because you already know that the IOCs for a novel browser-based attack are likely outdated the moment you block them. And in the case of a ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":7018,"content":7020},{"uri":7019},"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2026/03/02/oauth-redirection-abuse-enables-phishing-malware-delivery/",[7021],{"nodeType":502,"value":7022,"marks":7023,"data":7025},"new technique observed by Microsoft",[7024],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":7027,"marks":7028,"data":7029}," earlier this year, you’d be right.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7031,"content":7032},{},[7033],{"nodeType":502,"value":7034,"marks":7035,"data":7036},"In March, Push’s AI agents took a close look at that Microsoft intel, which details a discovered campaign built around a novel OAuth redirect abuse technique used to deliver users to phishing pages under the cover of trusted services’ OAuth flows. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7038,"content":7039},{},[7040],{"nodeType":502,"value":7041,"marks":7042,"data":7043},"What we found was indicative of how these attacks rapidly evolve: No matches for the published IOCs across our install base. But a few months later, we got a true positive. Except it was for new lures, new variants, and different IOCs. What hadn’t changed was the underlying attack delivery technique, and that’s what we used to detect a new campaign on Push customer estates.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7045,"content":7046},{},[7047],{"nodeType":502,"value":7048,"marks":7049,"data":7050},"In this article, we’ll walk through this example as a case study of how agentic threat hunting helps us go beyond IOCs to extract durable behavioral indicators that close the gap between “We’re aware of this threat” and “We’re covered.”",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":7052,"content":7056},{"target":7053},{"sys":7054},{"id":7055,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"6X7yXNdchH1Qp2tNKRAyVP",[],{"nodeType":1095,"data":7058,"content":7059},{},[],{"nodeType":1099,"data":7061,"content":7062},{},[7063],{"nodeType":502,"value":7064,"marks":7065,"data":7066},"The intel: Novel abuse of OAuth redirects as a phishing delivery mechanism",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7068,"content":7069},{},[7070,7074,7082],{"nodeType":502,"value":7071,"marks":7072,"data":7073},"The technique ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":7075,"content":7076},{"uri":7019},[7077],{"nodeType":502,"value":7078,"marks":7079,"data":7081},"Microsoft documented",[7080],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":7083,"marks":7084,"data":7085}," back in March is an interesting one. It doesn't steal tokens or abuse consent flows. Instead, it weaponizes the OAuth error-handling path itself — turning trusted identity provider domains into a delivery mechanism for phishing and malware.",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":7087,"content":7091},{"target":7088},{"sys":7089},{"id":7090,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"486pfUpMxx15vJupxuiePn",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":7093,"content":7094},{},[7095,7099,7104],{"nodeType":502,"value":7096,"marks":7097,"data":7098},"Here's how it works. The attacker registers a malicious application in an actor-controlled tenant, pointing its redirect URI at attacker infrastructure. They craft an authorization URL using ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":7100,"marks":7101,"data":7103},"prompt=none",[7102],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":7105,"marks":7106,"data":7107}," (forcing silent authentication) and an intentionally invalid scope, which guarantees an OAuth error. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7109,"content":7110},{},[7111,7115,7120],{"nodeType":502,"value":7112,"marks":7113,"data":7114},"The identity provider — Microsoft Entra ID, Google Workspace, or any OAuth-compliant service — handles that error the way the spec says it should: By redirecting the browser to the application's registered redirect URI. The user clicks a link that begins at ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":7116,"marks":7117,"data":7119},"login.microsoftonline.com",[7118],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":7121,"marks":7122,"data":7123},", passes through a legitimate authentication endpoint, and lands on an attacker-controlled page.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7125,"content":7126},{},[7127,7131,7136],{"nodeType":502,"value":7128,"marks":7129,"data":7130},"Importantly, no token is stolen during the redirect. The OAuth flow is the delivery vehicle, not the compromise mechanism. What happens ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":7132,"marks":7133,"data":7135},"after",[7134],{"type":2337},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":7137,"marks":7138,"data":7139}," the redirect — phishing, malware download, credential harvesting — is where the actual attack occurs.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7141,"content":7142},{},[7143,7147,7152],{"nodeType":502,"value":7144,"marks":7145,"data":7146},"This technique is also successful because conventional URL filtering sees a legitimate authentication domain, not a phishing destination. The redirect is standards-compliant behavior, and the initial URL carries the domain reputation of a trusted identity provider — which means the usual defenses at the network layer don't fire. (No TI or domain-based detection service in the world would raise a ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":7148,"marks":7149,"data":7151},"microsoft.com",[7150],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":7153,"marks":7154,"data":7155}," domain as suspicious!)",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7157,"content":7158},{},[7159],{"nodeType":502,"value":7160,"marks":7161,"data":7162},"With this intel, Push’s agents now had some useful fodder to hunt for.",[],{},{"nodeType":1099,"data":7164,"content":7165},{},[7166],{"nodeType":502,"value":7167,"marks":7168,"data":7169},"Hunting from intel: How we developed a behavioral detection",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7171,"content":7172},{},[7173],{"nodeType":502,"value":7174,"marks":7175,"data":7176},"It started with ingestion. When the Microsoft blog was published, Push's TI aggregation agent flagged it as relevant to our detection surface — the technique abuses OAuth redirect behavior observable in the browser, which maps directly to the metadata that Push's browser agent captures.",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":7178,"content":7182},{"target":7179},{"sys":7180},{"id":7181,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"26saWWXsyFAZrsrfspGwaF",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":7184,"content":7185},{},[7186],{"nodeType":502,"value":7187,"marks":7188,"data":7189},"The Push intel agent understands not to hunt for IOCs, but rather to think in terms of durable behaviors. It understands the telemetry available to the Push browser extension, and then compares that to the telemetry it would expect to be able to extract for a given technique, before deciding what to hunt for.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7191,"content":7192},{},[7193],{"nodeType":502,"value":7194,"marks":7195,"data":7196},"In this case, the intel agent extracted two distinct behavioral elements from the research to look for: the OAuth redirect technique and the page users land on after the error.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7198,"content":7199},{},[7200],{"nodeType":502,"value":7201,"marks":7202,"data":7203},"That extraction step is where surface-level details can become technique-driven hunts. Microsoft's article listed specific client IDs, redirect URLs, and PowerShell command patterns — indicators that are useful for retrospective hunting but will rotate as the campaign evolves. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7205,"content":7206},{},[7207],{"nodeType":502,"value":7208,"marks":7209,"data":7210},"The pipeline's job was to identify what wouldn't change: The behavioral mechanics of abusing the OAuth error redirect path as a delivery mechanism, independent of which domains, client IDs, or post-redirect payloads the attacker chose to use. This is the Pyramid of Pain principle in practice: Hunt for the technique, not the indicator, because techniques are genuinely hard for attackers to change.",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":7212,"content":7216},{"target":7213},{"sys":7214},{"id":7215,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"7qUVlKVjHMkabu0MJ1S7gC",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":7218,"content":7219},{},[7220,7224,7233],{"nodeType":502,"value":7221,"marks":7222,"data":7223},"Next, the agents verified what they already knew from Push’s internal TTP knowledge base. In this case, the agents understood the well-known technique of ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":7225,"content":7227},{"uri":7226},"https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/open_redirect",[7228],{"nodeType":502,"value":7229,"marks":7230,"data":7232},"open redirects",[7231],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":7234,"marks":7235,"data":7236},", where attackers leverage redirects to deliver users to a malicious page. The example originally published by Microsoft was a novel variation of that — abusing a trusted service and the open redirect technique via a legitimate OAuth error workflow to deliver a multi-stage phishing attack.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7238,"content":7239},{},[7240,7244,7248],{"nodeType":502,"value":7241,"marks":7242,"data":7243},"AI models’ deep knowledge of web programming and frameworks is a particular strength here, because they understand which OAuth redirect behavior is normal and common across diverse scenarios, and can pinpoint which elements will be the strongest signal to hunt for malicious behavior. The agents immediately recognized that hunting for ",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":7100,"marks":7245,"data":7247},[7246],{"type":989},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":7249,"marks":7250,"data":7251}," would be too noisy, as legitimate apps regularly use silent token refresh.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7253,"content":7254},{},[7255],{"nodeType":502,"value":7256,"marks":7257,"data":7258},"In this case, the approach was simply to find all the instances where a user hit an OAuth error page, and then landed on a login page afterward. Normal behavior for error states would be to return an error response — not send the user on to a page with a password form field or a CAPTCHA. That’s highly suspicious.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7260,"content":7261},{},[7262],{"nodeType":502,"value":7263,"marks":7264,"data":7265},"The agents then built behavioral queries targeting both behavioral attributes of the attack, and validated them across Push's install base. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7267,"content":7268},{},[7269],{"nodeType":502,"value":7270,"marks":7271,"data":7272},"When agents first looked in March, the hunts returned no true positives — the specific campaign Microsoft documented wasn’t active against Push customers at that time.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7274,"content":7275},{},[7276],{"nodeType":502,"value":7277,"marks":7278,"data":7279},"But the query logic was sound — precise enough to avoid false positives, broad enough to catch technique variants without relying on the specific IOCs that Microsoft documented. So the pipeline promoted it to a live query — a continuing detection that would surface any future instances of the technique across the customer base.",[],{},{"nodeType":1099,"data":7281,"content":7282},{},[7283],{"nodeType":502,"value":7284,"marks":7285,"data":7286},"The hunt pays off: A new variant, completely different IOCs",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7288,"content":7289},{},[7290],{"nodeType":502,"value":7291,"marks":7292,"data":7293},"In June, the query fired. A single user at a single customer had been targeted, but with a completely different scenario. ",[],{},{"nodeType":1086,"data":7295,"content":7299},{"target":7296},{"sys":7297},{"id":7298,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"7uXgOzxemy1PaJLhUa1txV",[],{"nodeType":951,"data":7301,"content":7302},{},[7303],{"nodeType":502,"value":7304,"marks":7305,"data":7306},"Where the Microsoft-documented example used lures presented as document-sharing links, Teams meeting recordings, or password resets, and the abused trusted service was a Microsoft login link used to trigger the OAuth error, the Push-observed attack chain used different elements. However, the behavioral technique at the core was the same.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7308,"content":7309},{},[7310],{"nodeType":502,"value":7311,"marks":7312,"data":7313},"In this case, the user clicked a link in a service desk ticket, triggering an OAuth flow that used a redirect URL with parameters designed to make it look like a Grammarly link. After hitting the OAuth error, the user was redirected to a page with a CAPTCHA, and then redirected again to a second page behind a Cloudflare Turnstile that was running a phish kit. While examining the phishing page, Push’s agents found a net-new phish kit that they later added additional detections for. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7315,"content":7316},{},[7317],{"nodeType":502,"value":7318,"marks":7319,"data":7320},"Roughly a day after the Push detection fired, Google Safe Browsing flagged both domains as phishing domains. But when the user was first targeted, neither domain had been flagged. In this case, the user exited the redirect flow before entering any credentials.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7322,"content":7323},{},[7324],{"nodeType":502,"value":7325,"marks":7326,"data":7327},"It’s important to note that this phishing technique also bypasses other controls based on network content pattern analysis or domain-based detections. For example, a network proxy is designed to look for malicious webpages based on known-bad IOCs like domains or page content that contains known-bad script files. This technique uses a dynamic obfuscated Javascript blob that unpacks and loads the webpage on the client side after checking to see if it’s running in a live browser environment, evading proxy-based analysis.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7329,"content":7330},{},[7331],{"nodeType":502,"value":7332,"marks":7333,"data":7334},"The query now serves as another early-warning flag designed to be broad enough to catch other interesting new variants of this TTP.",[],{},{"nodeType":1099,"data":7336,"content":7337},{},[7338],{"nodeType":502,"value":7339,"marks":7340,"data":7341},"Why technique-level detection pays dividends",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7343,"content":7344},{},[7345],{"nodeType":502,"value":7346,"marks":7347,"data":7348},"This example demonstrates the value of behavioral detection. By focusing on technique extraction, we can stay a step ahead of attack evolution, identifying other contexts and campaigns that use the same behavioral technique, without relying on stale IOCs.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7350,"content":7351},{},[7352],{"nodeType":502,"value":7353,"marks":7354,"data":7355},"For customers, this means no one has to distil the threat intel report into behavioral elements, spend time crafting detections, or work to eliminate false positives. The Push agents do all that automatically, delivering a compounding benefit the more they learn. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7357,"content":7358},{},[7359],{"nodeType":502,"value":7360,"marks":7361,"data":7362},"Customers get a fully operationalized threat-hunting and detection engineering capability; and the Push knowledge base itself expands with each new hunt, getting better at identifying emerging threats.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":7364,"content":7365},{},[7366,7370,7378],{"nodeType":502,"value":7367,"marks":7368,"data":7369},"If you'd like to see how Push's detection pipeline would work in your environment, ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":7371,"content":7372},{"uri":1790},[7373],{"nodeType":502,"value":7374,"marks":7375,"data":7377},"book a demo",[7376],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":7379,"marks":7380,"data":7381}," with our team.",[],{},"From IOCs to TTPs: An agentic threat hunting case study","How Push’s agentic detection pipeline turns intel into huntable characteristics of attacker behavior, deriving durable detections from a range of sources.","2026-07-31T00:00:00.000Z","from-iocs-to-ttps-an-agentic-threat-hunting-case-study",{"items":7387},[7388,7392],{"sys":7389,"name":7391},{"id":7390},"6A5RXS31ZQx3PwryGb1IMy","Browser-based attacks",{"sys":7393,"name":7395},{"id":7394},"4ksQNCFeBf8H4QIORqpRLw","Detection & response",{"items":7397},[7398],{"fullName":940,"firstName":941,"jobTitle":942,"profilePicture":7399},{"url":944},{"__typename":2150,"sys":7401,"content":7403,"title":8241,"synopsis":8242,"hashTags":59,"publishedDate":8243,"slug":8244,"tagsCollection":8245,"authorsCollection":8251},{"id":7402},"211Dd0EIrXPOFpvRgs0fEE",{"json":7404},{"data":7405,"content":7406,"nodeType":947},{},[7407,7426,7445,7464,7470,7473,7481,7488,7495,7502,7509,7517,7520,7528,7535,7542,7549,7555,7563,7582,7589,7596,7612,7620,7650,7666,7673,7704,7712,7743,7750,7758,7776,7783,7790,7796,7803,7811,7829,7836,7855,7862,7865,7873,7880,7966,7973,7989,7992,8022,8041,8048,8055,8058,8066,8085,8092,8099,8116,8119,8127,8134,8167,8174,8191,8210,8216,8219,8226],{"data":7408,"content":7409,"nodeType":951},{},[7410,7414,7422],{"data":7411,"marks":7412,"value":7413,"nodeType":502},{},[],"When we released the ",{"data":7415,"content":7417,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7416},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/saas-attack-techniques/",[7418],{"data":7419,"marks":7420,"value":7421,"nodeType":502},{},[],"SaaS attack matrix",{"data":7423,"marks":7424,"value":7425,"nodeType":502},{},[]," in 2023, we were anticipating a shift that was just beginning to take shape. The techniques that attackers were using to compromise cloud applications and identities weren't well represented in existing frameworks, and many of the ones we documented hadn't yet been widely observed in the wild.",{"data":7427,"content":7428,"nodeType":951},{},[7429,7433,7441],{"data":7430,"marks":7431,"value":7432,"nodeType":502},{},[],"A year later, we ",{"data":7434,"content":7436,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7435},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/the-saas-attack-matrix-one-year-on/",[7437],{"data":7438,"marks":7439,"value":7440,"nodeType":502},{},[],"reviewed what had changed",{"data":7442,"marks":7443,"value":7444,"nodeType":502},{},[]," and found that the initial access phase — the techniques designed to compromise an identity in the first place — was where almost all of the attacker innovation was concentrated. And two years on, that trend has become the story of the modern threat landscape. ",{"data":7446,"content":7447,"nodeType":951},{},[7448,7452,7460],{"data":7449,"marks":7450,"value":7451,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Today, we're re-releasing the matrix as the ",{"data":7453,"content":7455,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7454},"https://pushsecurity.com/resources/browser-identity-attacks-matrix/",[7456],{"data":7457,"marks":7458,"value":7459,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Browser & Identity Attacks Matrix",{"data":7461,"marks":7462,"value":7463,"nodeType":502},{},[],". The name change isn't cosmetic. It reflects that the attacks driving the most consequential breaches are browser-based and identity-first.",{"data":7465,"content":7469,"nodeType":1086},{"target":7466},{"sys":7467},{"id":7468,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"MSnrBRJtiQxpv2qxFLCVE",[],{"data":7471,"content":7472,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":7474,"content":7475,"nodeType":1099},{},[7476],{"data":7477,"marks":7478,"value":7480,"nodeType":502},{},[7479],{"type":989},"Why the scope needed to change",{"data":7482,"content":7483,"nodeType":951},{},[7484],{"data":7485,"marks":7486,"value":7487,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The original SaaS attack matrix was built around a specific insight: that attacks targeting modern business applications played out entirely over the internet, without touching endpoints or internal networks in any way that EDR or network detection tools would recognize.",{"data":7489,"content":7490,"nodeType":951},{},[7491],{"data":7492,"marks":7493,"value":7494,"nodeType":502},{},[],"That framing was useful, and it remains true. But it anchored the matrix to the post-access phase — what attackers do once they're inside a SaaS application — and didn't give enough weight to the initial access techniques that determine whether attackers get there in the first place.",{"data":7496,"content":7497,"nodeType":951},{},[7498],{"data":7499,"marks":7500,"value":7501,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The problem is that initial access is where the overwhelming majority of attacker innovation and investment is concentrated, and the techniques being used to achieve it are best understood as browser and identity attacks rather than SaaS-specific ones. AiTM phishing, ClickFix and its growing family of clipboard-injection variants, device code phishing, OAuth consent abuse, credential stuffing powered by infostealer supply chains, malicious browser extensions all happen in or via the browser.",{"data":7503,"content":7504,"nodeType":951},{},[7505],{"data":7506,"marks":7507,"value":7508,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Another issue is that \"SaaS\" has arguably ceased to be a meaningful category. When we consider that most organizations run the majority of their business on cloud applications, the difference between what constitutes \"SaaS\" versus cloud versus just \"business IT\" is pretty blurry (and feels like an academic rather than practical difference).",{"data":7510,"content":7511,"nodeType":951},{},[7512],{"data":7513,"marks":7514,"value":7516,"nodeType":502},{},[7515],{"type":989},"So it's less about whether an attack is a \"SaaS attack\" and more about how these attacks actually play out. ",{"data":7518,"content":7519,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":7521,"content":7522,"nodeType":1099},{},[7523],{"data":7524,"marks":7525,"value":7527,"nodeType":502},{},[7526],{"type":989},"The technique landscape has transformed",{"data":7529,"content":7530,"nodeType":951},{},[7531],{"data":7532,"marks":7533,"value":7534,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The second part to the change is the fact that scale and speed of attacker innovation in the space justifies it.",{"data":7536,"content":7537,"nodeType":951},{},[7538],{"data":7539,"marks":7540,"value":7541,"nodeType":502},{},[],"When we launched the matrix in mid-2023, AiTM phishing was emerging as a serious concern but was far from ubiquitous. ClickFix didn't exist as a named technique. Device code phishing was a curiosity documented by a handful of researchers. ConsentFix was years away from being discovered. Browser extension supply chain attacks were rare enough to be individually notable.",{"data":7543,"content":7544,"nodeType":951},{},[7545],{"data":7546,"marks":7547,"value":7548,"nodeType":502},{},[],"In the two and a half years since, every one of these has become a mainstream, industrialized attack technique — and several have converged in ways that would have been hard to predict.",{"data":7550,"content":7554,"nodeType":1086},{"target":7551},{"sys":7552},{"id":7553,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"5Kw2kSrL8u4VyslxK8HCtR",[],{"data":7556,"content":7557,"nodeType":1402},{},[7558],{"data":7559,"marks":7560,"value":7562,"nodeType":502},{},[7561],{"type":989},"AiTM phishing has become the default phishing method",{"data":7564,"content":7565,"nodeType":951},{},[7566,7570,7578],{"data":7567,"marks":7568,"value":7569,"nodeType":502},{},[],"AiTM phishing is now the standard, powered by Phishing-as-a-Service kits that operate with the release cycles and customer support of legitimate SaaS products. Tycoon 2FA alone accounted for ",{"data":7571,"content":7573,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7572},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/2025-top-phishing-trends/",[7574],{"data":7575,"marks":7576,"value":7577,"nodeType":502},{},[],"62% of phishing detected by Microsoft",{"data":7579,"marks":7580,"value":7581,"nodeType":502},{},[]," and over 64,000 confirmed incidents, with Sneaky2FA, FlowerStorm, Evilginx, and a growing roster of competitors filling out the marketplace.",{"data":7583,"content":7584,"nodeType":951},{},[7585],{"data":7586,"marks":7587,"value":7588,"nodeType":502},{},[],"AiTM is constantly evolving, with vendors adding new features, capabilities, detection evasion techniques, and so on. Abuse of legitimate platforms, and increasingly AI-assisted development means that it’s trivial for attackers to spin up and tear down infrastructure, scale their campaigns, target specific organizations with crafted pages and lures, and generally means that attackers can operate highly sophisticated attacks with minimal effort and complexity. This makes AiTM and other PhaaS-powered techniques extremely accessible to all kinds of criminals.  ",{"data":7590,"content":7591,"nodeType":951},{},[7592],{"data":7593,"marks":7594,"value":7595,"nodeType":502},{},[],"These kits are delivered across several browser-based channels — not just email. Push data consistently shows that roughly 1 in 3 phishing payloads we intercept arrive via social media, search ads, messaging apps, or other non-email vectors.",{"data":7597,"content":7598,"nodeType":951},{},[7599,7603,7608],{"data":7600,"marks":7601,"value":7602,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Vishing has also surged as a delivery channel — CrowdStrike documented a ",{"data":7604,"marks":7605,"value":7607,"nodeType":502},{},[7606],{"type":989},"442% year-over-year increase",{"data":7609,"marks":7610,"value":7611,"nodeType":502},{},[],", and Mandiant found it was the single most common initial vector in cloud compromises at 23%. But the trend that matters isn't voice calls in isolation; it's voice calls combined with browser-based payloads, where a live operator guides the victim into an AiTM page or device code flow that the call alone could not execute.",{"data":7613,"content":7614,"nodeType":1402},{},[7615],{"data":7616,"marks":7617,"value":7619,"nodeType":502},{},[7618],{"type":989},"ClickFix is the top reported initial access vector",{"data":7621,"content":7622,"nodeType":951},{},[7623,7627,7635,7639,7646],{"data":7624,"marks":7625,"value":7626,"nodeType":502},{},[],"ClickFix has gone from nonexistent to one of the most prevalent initial access techniques in under 18 months. Microsoft reported it as the ",{"data":7628,"content":7630,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7629},"https://cdn-dynmedia-1.microsoft.com/is/content/microsoftcorp/microsoft/msc/documents/presentations/CSR/Microsoft-Digital-Defense-Report-2025.pdf",[7631],{"data":7632,"marks":7633,"value":7634,"nodeType":502},{},[],"most common initial access vector in 2025",{"data":7636,"marks":7637,"value":7638,"nodeType":502},{},[],", accounting for 47% of observed attacks, while CrowdStrike documented a ",{"data":7640,"content":7641,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3330},[7642],{"data":7643,"marks":7644,"value":7645,"nodeType":502},{},[],"563% increase",{"data":7647,"marks":7648,"value":7649,"nodeType":502},{},[]," in fake CAPTCHA lures (a top ClickFix style).",{"data":7651,"content":7652,"nodeType":951},{},[7653,7657,7662],{"data":7654,"marks":7655,"value":7656,"nodeType":502},{},[],"ClickFix is admittedly an outlier in a browser attacks matrix — the payload ultimately executes on the endpoint, not in the browser — but the delivery is overwhelmingly browser-based: ",{"data":7658,"marks":7659,"value":7661,"nodeType":502},{},[7660],{"type":989},"4 in 5 ClickFix payloads",{"data":7663,"marks":7664,"value":7665,"nodeType":502},{},[]," intercepted by Push arrive via search engines as a result of malvertising or compromised web pages, not email, which means the browser is the only control point that actually sees the attack before the user pastes the malicious command.",{"data":7667,"content":7668,"nodeType":951},{},[7669],{"data":7670,"marks":7671,"value":7672,"nodeType":502},{},[],"ClickFix is now the primary delivery mechanism for infostealer malware, which is in turn the primary source of the stolen credentials and session tokens that power credential stuffing and session hijacking — which means the technique sits at the start of a cycle where one class of browser-delivered attack generates the raw material for the next.",{"data":7674,"content":7675,"nodeType":951},{},[7676,7680,7688,7692,7700],{"data":7677,"marks":7678,"value":7679,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The success of ClickFix has predictably spawned a growing family of derivatives — FileFix, CrashFix, ",{"data":7681,"content":7683,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7682},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/installfix/",[7684],{"data":7685,"marks":7686,"value":7687,"nodeType":502},{},[],"InstallFix",{"data":7689,"marks":7690,"value":7691,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — and much of the naming is marketing hype around variations on the same clipboard-injection mechanic. But ",{"data":7693,"content":7695,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7694},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/consentfix/",[7696],{"data":7697,"marks":7698,"value":7699,"nodeType":502},{},[],"ConsentFix",{"data":7701,"marks":7702,"value":7703,"nodeType":502},{},[]," was a genuinely novel development.",{"data":7705,"content":7706,"nodeType":1402},{},[7707],{"data":7708,"marks":7709,"value":7711,"nodeType":502},{},[7710],{"type":989},"Browser-native ClickFix: ConsentFix",{"data":7713,"content":7714,"nodeType":951},{},[7715,7719,7727,7731,7739],{"data":7716,"marks":7717,"value":7718,"nodeType":502},{},[],"ConsentFix is a fully browser-native attack that merged ClickFix-style social engineering with OAuth consent abuse, compromising accounts through a legitimate Microsoft authorization flow with no endpoint component at all. ConsentFix was ",{"data":7720,"content":7722,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7721},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/consentfix-debrief/",[7723],{"data":7724,"marks":7725,"value":7726,"nodeType":502},{},[],"traced to APT29",{"data":7728,"marks":7729,"value":7730,"nodeType":502},{},[]," and has since been ",{"data":7732,"content":7734,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7733},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/consentfix-v3-analyzing-a-new-toolkit/",[7735],{"data":7736,"marks":7737,"value":7738,"nodeType":502},{},[],"commercialized on criminal forums",{"data":7740,"marks":7741,"value":7742,"nodeType":502},{},[],", following the same path from state-sponsored technique to commodity criminal tooling that we've seen repeatedly in this space.",{"data":7744,"content":7745,"nodeType":951},{},[7746],{"data":7747,"marks":7748,"value":7749,"nodeType":502},{},[],"ConsentFix demonstrates that the clipboard-injection mechanic can evolve into something that operates entirely within the browser, eliminating the endpoint detection surface that traditional ClickFix still exposed.",{"data":7751,"content":7752,"nodeType":1402},{},[7753],{"data":7754,"marks":7755,"value":7757,"nodeType":502},{},[7756],{"type":989},"Attackers have pivoted to authorization attacks to get around login controls",{"data":7759,"content":7760,"nodeType":951},{},[7761,7765,7772],{"data":7762,"marks":7763,"value":7764,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Authorization attacks like device code phishing have seen a ",{"data":7766,"content":7767,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3352},[7768],{"data":7769,"marks":7770,"value":7771,"nodeType":502},{},[],"37.5x increase",{"data":7773,"marks":7774,"value":7775,"nodeType":502},{},[]," since the start of 2026, with at least 12 distinct kits now offering the technique. It bypasses standard authentication controls — including passkeys — because the attack occurs through the OAuth device authorization flow rather than the standard login flow. ",{"data":7777,"content":7778,"nodeType":951},{},[7779],{"data":7780,"marks":7781,"value":7782,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The technique was first associated with nation-state actors like Storm-2372, but went from espionage-grade to commodity PhaaS tooling in roughly eighteen months, with kits like EvilTokens and Venom now offering turnkey device code phishing as a service.",{"data":7784,"content":7785,"nodeType":951},{},[7786],{"data":7787,"marks":7788,"value":7789,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The device code authorization is effectively performed post-authentication. If you already have an active session in your browser, entering the device code and selecting your account from a drop-down menu is all that's needed. No password or MFA required. You can see an example in the video below.",{"data":7791,"content":7795,"nodeType":1086},{"target":7792},{"sys":7793},{"id":7794,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"2WPb41lNRajdpt5pogQg8M",[],{"data":7797,"content":7798,"nodeType":951},{},[7799],{"data":7800,"marks":7801,"value":7802,"nodeType":502},{},[],"And the ecosystem is adapting to this opportunity: established AiTM vendors like Tycoon are adding authorization-focused options alongside their existing credential-harvesting capabilities, which points toward multi-technique platforms where operators pick the right tool for whatever defenses the target has in place.",{"data":7804,"content":7805,"nodeType":1402},{},[7806],{"data":7807,"marks":7808,"value":7810,"nodeType":502},{},[7809],{"type":989},"Malicious and hacked browser extensions are one of the fastest growing threats",{"data":7812,"content":7813,"nodeType":951},{},[7814,7818,7825],{"data":7815,"marks":7816,"value":7817,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Malicious browser extensions have matured from an occasional nuisance into a scalable supply chain attack vector. The ",{"data":7819,"content":7820,"nodeType":973},{"uri":2502},[7821],{"data":7822,"marks":7823,"value":7824,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Cyberhaven compromise",{"data":7826,"marks":7827,"value":7828,"nodeType":502},{},[]," in December 2024 — where approximately 35 extensions were weaponized through a single OAuth phishing campaign targeting developers — impacted 2.6 million users and demonstrated that extension supply chain attacks can achieve the kind of reach that used to require a compromised software update server.",{"data":7830,"content":7831,"nodeType":951},{},[7832],{"data":7833,"marks":7834,"value":7835,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Since Cyberhaven, the pace has only accelerated. In 2026 alone, researchers have publicly disclosed at least 250 confirmed malicious browser extensions affecting roughly 1.75 million users, alongside a further 370+ extensions engaged in undisclosed or policy-disclosed data harvesting affecting an additional 44 million users. That doesn't count the extensions from late-2025 campaigns (DarkSpectre, AITOPIA, Trust Wallet) whose impacts carried into 2026.",{"data":7837,"content":7838,"nodeType":951},{},[7839,7843,7851],{"data":7840,"marks":7841,"value":7842,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The attack paths have also expanded. Beyond phishing developers for take over Web Store accounts (the Cyberhaven playbook), attackers are buying existing extensions from developers, waiting for ownership transfers or abandonments to take over, and increasingly vibe-coding their own functional extensions from scratch to build an audience that can later be weaponized. The common thread is that ",{"data":7844,"content":7845,"nodeType":973},{"uri":2502},[7846],{"data":7847,"marks":7848,"value":7850,"nodeType":502},{},[7849],{"type":1545},"most malicious extensions didn't start out malicious",{"data":7852,"marks":7853,"value":7854,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — they started as legitimate tools and were turned into weapons after the fact.",{"data":7856,"content":7857,"nodeType":951},{},[7858],{"data":7859,"marks":7860,"value":7861,"nodeType":502},{},[],"None of this is happening in isolation. The threat landscape has reoriented around browser-based initial access and identity compromise — and the matrix needed to catch up.",{"data":7863,"content":7864,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":7866,"content":7867,"nodeType":1099},{},[7868],{"data":7869,"marks":7870,"value":7872,"nodeType":502},{},[7871],{"type":989},"The evolution is playing out in public breaches",{"data":7874,"content":7875,"nodeType":951},{},[7876],{"data":7877,"marks":7878,"value":7879,"nodeType":502},{},[],"It’s worth reinforcing that when the SaaS matrix was first released, many of these attacks hadn’t been seen in the wild. The change today is staggering:",{"data":7881,"content":7882,"nodeType":1031},{},[7883,7904,7926,7946],{"data":7884,"content":7885,"nodeType":1035},{},[7886],{"data":7887,"content":7888,"nodeType":951},{},[7889,7893,7900],{"data":7890,"marks":7891,"value":7892,"nodeType":502},{},[],"When ",{"data":7894,"content":7896,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7895},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/scattered-lapsus-hunters/",[7897],{"data":7898,"marks":7899,"value":5046,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":7901,"marks":7902,"value":7903,"nodeType":502},{},[]," compromised over a thousand organizations' Salesforce tenants through device code phishing, the attack started with a phone call, moved through a browser-based authorization flow for the attacker’s app, and ended with mass data exfiltration via API.",{"data":7905,"content":7906,"nodeType":1035},{},[7907],{"data":7908,"content":7909,"nodeType":951},{},[7910,7914,7922],{"data":7911,"marks":7912,"value":7913,"nodeType":502},{},[],"When the same collective launched ",{"data":7915,"content":7917,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7916},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/unpacking-the-latest-slh-campaign/",[7918],{"data":7919,"marks":7920,"value":7921,"nodeType":502},{},[],"AiTM phishing campaigns",{"data":7923,"marks":7924,"value":7925,"nodeType":502},{},[]," targeting Okta and Entra SSO, the phishing page was operated by a human in real time and delivered over a voice call — not email.",{"data":7927,"content":7928,"nodeType":1035},{},[7929],{"data":7930,"content":7931,"nodeType":951},{},[7932,7935,7942],{"data":7933,"marks":7934,"value":7892,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":7936,"content":7937,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7694},[7938],{"data":7939,"marks":7940,"value":7941,"nodeType":502},{},[],"APT29 deployed ConsentFix",{"data":7943,"marks":7944,"value":7945,"nodeType":502},{},[]," across dozens of compromised websites, the entire attack chain was browser-native, abusing a legitimate Microsoft OAuth flow to bypass MFA without proxying a single credential.",{"data":7947,"content":7948,"nodeType":1035},{},[7949],{"data":7950,"content":7951,"nodeType":951},{},[7952,7955,7962],{"data":7953,"marks":7954,"value":2854,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":7956,"content":7958,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7957},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/identity-attacks-in-the-wild/#id-snowflake-june-2024",[7959],{"data":7960,"marks":7961,"value":3849,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":7963,"marks":7964,"value":7965,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — arguably the most consequential credential-based campaign of the past several years — saw 165 organizations breached using credentials that had been sitting in infostealer dumps for years, replayed against Snowflake tenants that lacked mandatory MFA. The attack surface wasn't Snowflake's application logic; it was the identity hygiene gap that every organization carries across hundreds of apps.",{"data":7967,"content":7968,"nodeType":951},{},[7969],{"data":7970,"marks":7971,"value":7972,"nodeType":502},{},[],"And that’s just the big picture. Every month we’re tracking new public breaches involving browser and identity TTPs — which again, are just the tip of the iceberg when you consider that many breaches are settled quietly without hitting the headlines. ",{"data":7974,"content":7975,"nodeType":951},{},[7976,7980,7985],{"data":7977,"marks":7978,"value":7979,"nodeType":502},{},[],"One of the key drivers here is the shrinking time-to-exploit. CrowdStrike's average e-crime breakout time is down to ",{"data":7981,"marks":7982,"value":7984,"nodeType":502},{},[7983],{"type":989},"29 minutes",{"data":7986,"marks":7987,"value":7988,"nodeType":502},{},[],", with the fastest recorded at 27 seconds. When attackers can move from initial access to data exfiltration within minutes, the window for post-compromise detection collapses to near zero. The best chance of stopping the attack is at the point of initial access before the identity is compromised.",{"data":7990,"content":7991,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":7993,"content":7994,"nodeType":1099},{},[7995,8000,8006,8011,8017],{"data":7996,"marks":7997,"value":7999,"nodeType":502},{},[7998],{"type":989},"Sidenote: why we're looking at attacks ",{"data":8001,"marks":8002,"value":8005,"nodeType":502},{},[8003,8004],{"type":2337},{"type":989},"in",{"data":8007,"marks":8008,"value":8010,"nodeType":502},{},[8009],{"type":989}," the browser, not ",{"data":8012,"marks":8013,"value":8016,"nodeType":502},{},[8014,8015],{"type":2337},{"type":989},"on",{"data":8018,"marks":8019,"value":8021,"nodeType":502},{},[8020],{"type":989}," the browser",{"data":8023,"content":8024,"nodeType":951},{},[8025,8029,8037],{"data":8026,"marks":8027,"value":8028,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Calling this a \"browser attacks\" matrix needs clarification. We're not talking about browser exploits — RCE vulnerabilities, sandbox escapes, memory corruption bugs. Those attacks target the browser itself, they're extraordinarily expensive to develop, and they're increasingly rare. Browser zero-days hit a ",{"data":8030,"content":8032,"nodeType":973},{"uri":8031},"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/2025-zero-day-review",[8033],{"data":8034,"marks":8035,"value":8036,"nodeType":502},{},[],"historic low of 9%",{"data":8038,"marks":8039,"value":8040,"nodeType":502},{},[]," of all zero-days reported to Google, and a Chrome RCE commands a $250,000 bug bounty.",{"data":8042,"content":8043,"nodeType":951},{},[8044],{"data":8045,"marks":8046,"value":8047,"nodeType":502},{},[],"In comparison, a one-year phishing kit rental costs $1,000. A bulk stolen credential list costs $15. An initial-access-broker-provided IdP admin account costs $3,000. When it costs orders of magnitude less to exploit the person using the browser than to exploit the browser itself, attackers will take the cheaper option every time.",{"data":8049,"content":8050,"nodeType":951},{},[8051],{"data":8052,"marks":8053,"value":8054,"nodeType":502},{},[],"It's worth heading off the obvious counterargument: won't AI-assisted vulnerability discovery eventually make browser exploits cheaper? Perhaps — but it will simultaneously make them easier for browser vendors to find and patch, and vendors like Google and Microsoft have the engineering capacity and financial incentive to scale AI-driven remediation far faster than attackers can scale exploit development.",{"data":8056,"content":8057,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":8059,"content":8060,"nodeType":1099},{},[8061],{"data":8062,"marks":8063,"value":8065,"nodeType":502},{},[8064],{"type":989},"What hasn't changed",{"data":8067,"content":8068,"nodeType":951},{},[8069,8073,8081],{"data":8070,"marks":8071,"value":8072,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The matrix remains open-source, community-maintained, and available on ",{"data":8074,"content":8076,"nodeType":973},{"uri":8075},"https://github.com/pushsecurity/saas-attacks",[8077],{"data":8078,"marks":8079,"value":8080,"nodeType":502},{},[],"GitHub",{"data":8082,"marks":8083,"value":8084,"nodeType":502},{},[],". The goal is the same as it was in 2023: to give offensive and defensive security teams a shared reference point for the techniques that matter most.",{"data":8086,"content":8087,"nodeType":951},{},[8088],{"data":8089,"marks":8090,"value":8091,"nodeType":502},{},[],"We built it because there was a gap in how the industry talked about these techniques, and that gap still exists — MITRE ATT&CK remains essential for endpoint and network TTPs, but the browser-based, identity-first techniques behind most modern breaches are still underrepresented in traditional frameworks.",{"data":8093,"content":8094,"nodeType":951},{},[8095],{"data":8096,"marks":8097,"value":8098,"nodeType":502},{},[],"We continue to maintain the matrix with input from red teams, detection engineers, and threat researchers across the community. Some of the most valuable additions over the past two years have come from practitioners who encountered a technique on an engagement or in an investigation and contributed it back to the repository.",{"data":8100,"content":8101,"nodeType":951},{},[8102,8106,8113],{"data":8103,"marks":8104,"value":8105,"nodeType":502},{},[],"If you're an offensive security professional using these techniques on engagements, or a defender building detections against them, we want to hear from you. Submit a PR, open a discussion, or flag a technique we've missed on ",{"data":8107,"content":8109,"nodeType":973},{"uri":8108},"https://github.com/pushsecurity/browser-identity-attacks-matrix",[8110],{"data":8111,"marks":8112,"value":8080,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":8114,"marks":8115,"value":3017,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":8117,"content":8118,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":8120,"content":8121,"nodeType":1099},{},[8122],{"data":8123,"marks":8124,"value":8126,"nodeType":502},{},[8125],{"type":989},"Looking ahead",{"data":8128,"content":8129,"nodeType":951},{},[8130],{"data":8131,"marks":8132,"value":8133,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The pace of attacker innovation in browser-based initial access techniques over the past 18 months has been unlike anything we've tracked before — technique after technique moving from research curiosity to industrialized criminal tooling within months, not years.",{"data":8135,"content":8136,"nodeType":1031},{},[8137,8147,8157],{"data":8138,"content":8139,"nodeType":1035},{},[8140],{"data":8141,"content":8142,"nodeType":951},{},[8143],{"data":8144,"marks":8145,"value":8146,"nodeType":502},{},[],"AiTM platforms are adding authorization-based attack options alongside their credential-harvesting capabilities.",{"data":8148,"content":8149,"nodeType":1035},{},[8150],{"data":8151,"content":8152,"nodeType":951},{},[8153],{"data":8154,"marks":8155,"value":8156,"nodeType":502},{},[],"ClickFix has spawned fully browser-native variants.",{"data":8158,"content":8159,"nodeType":1035},{},[8160],{"data":8161,"content":8162,"nodeType":951},{},[8163],{"data":8164,"marks":8165,"value":8166,"nodeType":502},{},[],"AI is lowering the cost of producing convincing social engineering and phishing infrastructure at scale.",{"data":8168,"content":8169,"nodeType":951},{},[8170],{"data":8171,"marks":8172,"value":8173,"nodeType":502},{},[],"We don't see any of this slowing down, and that's exactly why thinking about these attacks as a browser problem instead of siloing them across email, endpoint, network, and cloud categories, each with a partial view of the picture (and still missing the whole when combined).",{"data":8175,"content":8176,"nodeType":951},{},[8177,8181,8188],{"data":8178,"marks":8179,"value":8180,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The Browser & Identity Attacks Matrix is our contribution to keeping that shared understanding current. You can ",{"data":8182,"content":8183,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7454},[8184],{"data":8185,"marks":8186,"value":8187,"nodeType":502},{},[],"explore the matrix here",{"data":8189,"marks":8190,"value":3017,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":8192,"content":8193,"nodeType":951},{},[8194,8198,8206],{"data":8195,"marks":8196,"value":8197,"nodeType":502},{},[],"You can also read our recent ",{"data":8199,"content":8201,"nodeType":973},{"uri":8200},"https://pushsecurity.com/thank-you/browser-attacks-report",[8202],{"data":8203,"marks":8204,"value":8205,"nodeType":502},{},[],"browser attack techniques report",{"data":8207,"marks":8208,"value":8209,"nodeType":502},{},[]," for more information.",{"data":8211,"content":8215,"nodeType":1086},{"target":8212},{"sys":8213},{"id":8214,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"1hx6sxpyEzxn4F4jc1RGQi",[],{"data":8217,"content":8218,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":8220,"content":8221,"nodeType":951},{},[8222],{"data":8223,"marks":8224,"value":8225,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push Security is the most powerful AI-native security tool in the browser. Think EDR, but for the browser — high-fidelity telemetry and real-time control across every session, on every device, with no browser migration required. Security teams use Push to detect and stop advanced browser-based attacks like AiTM phishing, ClickFix, and session hijacking; gain visibility and control over AI tool usage across their workforce; harden identities by surfacing credential reuse, SSO gaps, and shadow IT; and support data loss and insider investigations with browser-layer telemetry that other tools can't see.",{"data":8227,"content":8228,"nodeType":951},{},[8229,8232,8238],{"data":8230,"marks":8231,"value":2799,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":8233,"content":8234,"nodeType":973},{"uri":1790},[8235],{"data":8236,"marks":8237,"value":2807,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":8239,"marks":8240,"value":2811,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Introducing the Browser & Identity Attacks Matrix","We're re-releasing the SaaS attack matrix as the Browser & Identity Attacks Matrix. Here's why we've decided to make the change and what it means.","2026-05-08T00:00:00.000Z","introducing-the-browser-and-identity-attacks-matrix",{"items":8246},[8247,8249],{"sys":8248,"name":7391},{"id":7390},{"sys":8250,"name":7395},{"id":7394},{"items":8252},[8253],{"fullName":2829,"firstName":2830,"jobTitle":2831,"profilePicture":8254},{"url":2833},"browser-threat-landscape-mid-year-update-2026","blog/browser-threat-landscape-mid-year-update-2026",{"json":8258},{"data":8259,"content":8260,"nodeType":947},{},[8261],{"data":8262,"content":8263,"nodeType":951},{},[8264],{"data":8265,"marks":8266,"value":8267,"nodeType":502},{},[],"PhaaS industrialization, Scattered Spider copycats, and AI-augmented tooling — what the threat landscape looks like in 2026 so 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The challenge has only gotten harder since then!)",{"data":8882,"content":8883,"nodeType":951},{},[8884],{"data":8885,"marks":8886,"value":8887,"nodeType":502},{},[],"In short, there is too much potential TI, too little actionable detail, and a dearth of useful business-relevant context.",{"data":8889,"content":8890,"nodeType":951},{},[8891],{"data":8892,"marks":8893,"value":8894,"nodeType":502},{},[],"This often manifests as:",{"data":8896,"content":8897,"nodeType":1031},{},[8898,8926,8945],{"data":8899,"content":8900,"nodeType":1035},{},[8901],{"data":8902,"content":8903,"nodeType":951},{},[8904,8909,8913,8922],{"data":8905,"marks":8906,"value":8908,"nodeType":502},{},[8907],{"type":989},"Feeling constantly behind the threat landscape. ",{"data":8910,"marks":8911,"value":8912,"nodeType":502},{},[],"SANS Institute’s ",{"data":8914,"content":8916,"nodeType":973},{"uri":8915},"https://www.sans.org/white-papers/state-detection-engineering-2026",[8917],{"data":8918,"marks":8919,"value":8921,"nodeType":502},{},[8920],{"type":1545},"State of Detection Engineering 2026",{"data":8923,"marks":8924,"value":8925,"nodeType":502},{},[]," report found that only 18% of practitioners feel like they’re staying ahead; 56% report barely keeping pace.",{"data":8927,"content":8928,"nodeType":1035},{},[8929],{"data":8930,"content":8931,"nodeType":951},{},[8932,8936,8941],{"data":8933,"marks":8934,"value":8935,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Access to a huge amount of potential TI, but ",{"data":8937,"marks":8938,"value":8940,"nodeType":502},{},[8939],{"type":989},"lacking the time, context, and tools needed to parse the data",{"data":8942,"marks":8943,"value":8944,"nodeType":502},{},[]," for threats that matter to the business.",{"data":8946,"content":8947,"nodeType":1035},{},[8948],{"data":8949,"content":8950,"nodeType":951},{},[8951,8955,8960],{"data":8952,"marks":8953,"value":8954,"nodeType":502},{},[],"More information on IOCs than TTPs, leading to ",{"data":8956,"marks":8957,"value":8959,"nodeType":502},{},[8958],{"type":989},"ever-growing blocklists and attacks that still slip through",{"data":8961,"marks":8962,"value":3017,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":8964,"content":8965,"nodeType":951},{},[8966],{"data":8967,"marks":8968,"value":8969,"nodeType":502},{},[],"As AI-enabled adversaries continue to make it increasingly trivial to rotate infrastructure or abuse trusted services and workflows to deliver modern attacks, the hill gets steeper. ",{"data":8971,"content":8975,"nodeType":1086},{"target":8972},{"sys":8973},{"id":8974,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"4xlCsISP3OT9MAj3wxw67D",[],{"data":8977,"content":8978,"nodeType":951},{},[8979],{"data":8980,"marks":8981,"value":8982,"nodeType":502},{},[],"In the case of attacks that target employees via the browser — using advanced phishing methods, commercial toolkits, abuse of OAuth, abuse of trusted services to deliver phishing lures, etc. — most security teams are also working without the right foundational visibility to even begin to mature their detection process against these TTPs.",{"data":8984,"content":8985,"nodeType":951},{},[8986],{"data":8987,"marks":8988,"value":8989,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The missing input is visibility at the layer where these attacks actually execute — the browser session. Without it, detection engineering for browser-based threats is painful guesswork.",{"data":8991,"content":8992,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":8994,"content":8995,"nodeType":1099},{},[8996],{"data":8997,"marks":8998,"value":8999,"nodeType":502},{},[],"How Push operationalized best practices for hunting from TI using agents",{"data":9001,"content":9002,"nodeType":951},{},[9003],{"data":9004,"marks":9005,"value":9006,"nodeType":502},{},[],"In building our agentic threat hunting and detection engineering pipeline at Push, we set out to solve many of the same problems that any security team faces when maturing its processes:",{"data":9008,"content":9009,"nodeType":1031},{},[9010,9020,9030],{"data":9011,"content":9012,"nodeType":1035},{},[9013],{"data":9014,"content":9015,"nodeType":951},{},[9016],{"data":9017,"marks":9018,"value":9019,"nodeType":502},{},[],"How to transform TI into technique-level intel we could write durable detections for across a wide customer base at scale?",{"data":9021,"content":9022,"nodeType":1035},{},[9023],{"data":9024,"content":9025,"nodeType":951},{},[9026],{"data":9027,"marks":9028,"value":9029,"nodeType":502},{},[],"How to create structured internal knowledge to add context to our detection engineering process that validates the relevance of what we find?",{"data":9031,"content":9032,"nodeType":1035},{},[9033],{"data":9034,"content":9035,"nodeType":951},{},[9036],{"data":9037,"marks":9038,"value":9039,"nodeType":502},{},[],"How to verify what’s worthwhile to hunt for, remove false positives, and understand the value of a detection for a specific TTP across an install base of more than 3 million browsers?",{"data":9041,"content":9042,"nodeType":951},{},[9043,9047,9056],{"data":9044,"marks":9045,"value":9046,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The process we created looks a lot like the ",{"data":9048,"content":9050,"nodeType":973},{"uri":9049},"https://medium.com/anton-on-security/blueprint-for-threat-intel-to-detection-flow-part-7-088024be08dd",[9051],{"data":9052,"marks":9053,"value":9055,"nodeType":502},{},[9054],{"type":1545},"best practices",{"data":9057,"marks":9058,"value":9059,"nodeType":502},{},[]," on how to turn intelligence into meaningful detections. The difference is that agents let us run this process continuously and at a scale that would be impossible to achieve with human analysts alone.",{"data":9061,"content":9062,"nodeType":951},{},[9063,9068],{"data":9064,"marks":9065,"value":9067,"nodeType":502},{},[9066],{"type":989},"It starts with ingestion. ",{"data":9069,"marks":9070,"value":9071,"nodeType":502},{},[],"An agent tasked with TI aggregation monitors multiple industry sources — vendor reports, researcher disclosures, campaign teardowns — and filters for intelligence relevant to browser-based attack techniques. ",{"data":9073,"content":9077,"nodeType":1086},{"target":9074},{"sys":9075},{"id":9076,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"7fsLEGUbOINll70ViNVVkI",[],{"data":9079,"content":9080,"nodeType":951},{},[9081],{"data":9082,"marks":9083,"value":9084,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Because this agent already understands the types of attacks and scenarios that matter to Push’s detection surface, it can distinguish signal from noise at the intake stage, flagging useful intel and proposing initial lightweight hunts based on the browser metadata Push can observe. When a potential hunt looks promising, the aggregation agent hands off to a deeper analysis agent to extract what’s actually huntable.",{"data":9086,"content":9090,"nodeType":1086},{"target":9087},{"sys":9088},{"id":9089,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"5vyeALIziHamJ0cLiGMdGk",[],{"data":9092,"content":9093,"nodeType":951},{},[9094,9099],{"data":9095,"marks":9096,"value":9098,"nodeType":502},{},[9097],{"type":989},"That extraction step is where a general TI feed becomes something you can build detections from. ",{"data":9100,"marks":9101,"value":9102,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Agents built on frontier models have a deep understanding of web programming languages and browser workflows can decompose the intelligence into its meaningful atomic units — the specific behavioral patterns that distinguish a malicious technique from normal browser activity. ",{"data":9104,"content":9105,"nodeType":951},{},[9106],{"data":9107,"marks":9108,"value":9109,"nodeType":502},{},[],"They compare those patterns against everything the Push browser agent can observe: tabs, windows, navigation events, downloads, network requests, DOM content, script execution. Then they discard anything too broad — observable events that are commonplace, even when connected to a malicious TTP — to avoid false positives. ",{"data":9111,"content":9112,"nodeType":951},{},[9113,9117,9126],{"data":9114,"marks":9115,"value":9116,"nodeType":502},{},[],"What survives is one or more huntable technique signatures that can be identified with a high true positive rate. This is the ",{"data":9118,"content":9120,"nodeType":973},{"uri":9119},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/the-pyramid-of-pain-in-the-ai-era",[9121],{"data":9122,"marks":9123,"value":9125,"nodeType":502},{},[9124],{"type":1545},"Pyramid of Pain principle",{"data":9127,"marks":9128,"value":9129,"nodeType":502},{},[]," operationalized at machine speed: Target the technique, not the indicator, because techniques are genuinely hard for attackers to change.",{"data":9131,"content":9135,"nodeType":1086},{"target":9132},{"sys":9133},{"id":9134,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"5j0mvdIMkaUwDgCu0nOqSm",[],{"data":9137,"content":9138,"nodeType":951},{},[9139,9144],{"data":9140,"marks":9141,"value":9143,"nodeType":502},{},[9142],{"type":989},"In parallel, the pipeline validates whether the identified technique is genuinely novel or a variant of something Push already detects. ",{"data":9145,"marks":9146,"value":9147,"nodeType":502},{},[],"This is where our internal knowledge base comes into play. Built over three years by Push’s in-house research team and augmented continuously by the pipeline itself, it represents what Push knows about browser-based attack behaviors — a structured corpus of TTPs that lets agents classify incoming intelligence as new territory, a known variant that needs a refined detection, or something already covered. That classification determines what happens next: A net-new technique triggers a full hunt; a known variant triggers a refinement cycle; and a duplicate gets deprioritized.",{"data":9149,"content":9150,"nodeType":951},{},[9151,9156],{"data":9152,"marks":9153,"value":9155,"nodeType":502},{},[9154],{"type":989},"The hunt itself is where hypothesis meets evidence.",{"data":9157,"marks":9158,"value":9159,"nodeType":502},{},[]," Agents develop a specific, testable prediction about what the technique looks like in browser telemetry, then validate that prediction across Push’s install base. The aim of the initial hunt is to identify any potential false positives — legitimate browser behavior that matches the pattern. Then the agents refine: adjusting the query, narrowing the behavioral fingerprints, testing again. Each iteration sharpens the detection until the false positive rate drops to a negligible, tolerable level. ",{"data":9161,"content":9162,"nodeType":951},{},[9163],{"data":9164,"marks":9165,"value":9166,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The hunts that produce relevant, high-confidence results become continuous queries — a kind of early warning system for emerging threats we’re actively watching for and learning about. The most useful and reliable of those queries become production detections that protect every Push customer in real time. ",{"data":9168,"content":9172,"nodeType":1086},{"target":9169},{"sys":9170},{"id":9171,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"h3MN5kaaGGuL4uvNsP9JZ",[],{"data":9174,"content":9175,"nodeType":951},{},[9176,9181],{"data":9177,"marks":9178,"value":9180,"nodeType":502},{},[9179],{"type":989},"This is what “detect what matters” looks like as an engineering discipline. ",{"data":9182,"marks":9183,"value":9184,"nodeType":502},{},[],"By the time the agents have whittled down millions or trillions of browser events into a good hunt query — where good means broad enough to cast a usefully wide net for variations — and then tuned that further into a high-fidelity detection, the result is fewer, sharper detections by design. And because Push detects at the browser session layer before a user can interact with a malicious page, almost all of those detections fire pre-compromise. ",{"data":9186,"content":9187,"nodeType":951},{},[9188,9192,9197],{"data":9189,"marks":9190,"value":9191,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The same 2026 SANS survey mentioned earlier found that ",{"data":9193,"marks":9194,"value":9196,"nodeType":502},{},[9195],{"type":989},"66% of SOC practitioners cite vendor-provided rules as their primary source of false positives",{"data":9198,"marks":9199,"value":9200,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — a structural problem that persists at every organization size. Push’s pipeline produces the opposite outcome: better detections, less noise.",{"data":9202,"content":9203,"nodeType":951},{},[9204,9209],{"data":9205,"marks":9206,"value":9208,"nodeType":502},{},[9207],{"type":989},"The result is a system with two learning loops.",{"data":9210,"marks":9211,"value":9212,"nodeType":502},{},[]," An inner loop handles real-time detection and response for known attacker techniques — the production detections already deployed across the customer base. An outer loop handles continuous discovery — agents hunting for new techniques, refining existing detections, and ingesting external intelligence. ",{"data":9214,"content":9215,"nodeType":951},{},[9216,9221],{"data":9217,"marks":9218,"value":9220,"nodeType":502},{},[9219],{"type":989},"Each loop feeds the other:",{"data":9222,"marks":9223,"value":9224,"nodeType":502},{},[]," The outer loop’s discoveries become the inner loop’s new production detections, and the inner loop’s blocked attacks become raw material for the outer loop to analyze for novel variants. The knowledge base that both loops draw on grows with every cycle, which means the pipeline's detection coverage compounds at roughly the rate the threat landscape grows more complex.",{"data":9226,"content":9230,"nodeType":1086},{"target":9227},{"sys":9228},{"id":9229,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"3xVLn9Ldk4cOP4uFYIYyM",[],{"data":9232,"content":9233,"nodeType":951},{},[9234],{"data":9235,"marks":9236,"value":9237,"nodeType":502},{},[],"And every validated detection produced by this process, whether it originated from a blocked attack in one customer’s environment, a proactive hunt across the telemetry corpus, or a vendor report about a campaign Push has never observed on customer estates, deploys to the entire customer base.",{"data":9239,"content":9240,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":9242,"content":9243,"nodeType":1099},{},[9244],{"data":9245,"marks":9246,"value":9247,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Herd immunity, without all the breaches to get there",{"data":9249,"content":9250,"nodeType":951},{},[9251],{"data":9252,"marks":9253,"value":9254,"nodeType":502},{},[],"That last point is where Push’s idea of herd immunity diverges from the traditional definition.",{"data":9256,"content":9257,"nodeType":951},{},[9258,9262,9267],{"data":9259,"marks":9260,"value":9261,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Detection and response platforms and MDR services commonly describe a ",{"data":9263,"marks":9264,"value":9266,"nodeType":502},{},[9265],{"type":989},"herd immunity benefit",{"data":9268,"marks":9269,"value":9270,"nodeType":502},{},[],": What one customer encounters, every customer gets protection against. The mechanism is real, but the learning input is typically a breach or a compromise. Someone has to be the first victim.",{"data":9272,"content":9273,"nodeType":951},{},[9274],{"data":9275,"marks":9276,"value":9278,"nodeType":502},{},[9277],{"type":989},"Push’s approach is different. ",{"data":9280,"content":9281,"nodeType":951},{},[9282],{"data":9283,"marks":9284,"value":9285,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Modern browser-based attacks frequently rely on a series of techniques strung together to achieve a compromise. From its vantage point in the browser, Push catches many novel techniques with existing detections pre-compromise because it recognizes a portion of the attack techniques in the chain. The detection process then identifies what’s new about a previously unseen variation of a known TTP — perhaps an evasion technique the kit hadn’t used before, an unusual lure or infrastructure pattern, etc. ",{"data":9287,"content":9288,"nodeType":951},{},[9289],{"data":9290,"marks":9291,"value":9293,"nodeType":502},{},[9292],{"type":989},"The detection gets better for customers and no one was compromised to get there.",{"data":9295,"content":9296,"nodeType":951},{},[9297],{"data":9298,"marks":9299,"value":9300,"nodeType":502},{},[],"On the external intelligence side, the pipeline ingests published research about a campaign Push has never observed, extracts the durable behavioral characteristics, validates them against browser telemetry, refines the query to tune out false positives, and ships detections before the technique is ever used against a Push customer. The protection arrives ahead of the attack.",{"data":9302,"content":9303,"nodeType":951},{},[9304,9308,9316,9319,9327,9330,9337],{"data":9305,"marks":9306,"value":9307,"nodeType":502},{},[],"These are the processes behind Push’s identification of ",{"data":9309,"content":9311,"nodeType":973},{"uri":9310},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/consentfix",[9312],{"data":9313,"marks":9314,"value":7699,"nodeType":502},{},[9315],{"type":1545},{"data":9317,"marks":9318,"value":3824,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":9320,"content":9322,"nodeType":973},{"uri":9321},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/installfix",[9323],{"data":9324,"marks":9325,"value":7687,"nodeType":502},{},[9326],{"type":1545},{"data":9328,"marks":9329,"value":2323,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":9331,"content":9332,"nodeType":973},{"uri":1633},[9333],{"data":9334,"marks":9335,"value":1645,"nodeType":502},{},[9336],{"type":1545},{"data":9338,"marks":9339,"value":9340,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — three browser-based attack techniques Push's team discovered or documented for the first time. In several cases, detections were blocking active campaigns against Push customers before the technique had been publicly documented. Those detections rolled out to every customer within hours or days of first observation.",{"data":9342,"content":9343,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":9345,"content":9346,"nodeType":1099},{},[9347],{"data":9348,"marks":9349,"value":9350,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Outcomes: By the numbers",{"data":9352,"content":9353,"nodeType":951},{},[9354],{"data":9355,"marks":9356,"value":9357,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Looking at the quantifiable outcomes of this agentic threat hunting capability over the last few months, the benefits for customers become clear.",{"data":9359,"content":9363,"nodeType":1086},{"target":9360},{"sys":9361},{"id":9362,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"7uNrNGUjjBiG9qEsfen7Xi",[],{"data":9365,"content":9366,"nodeType":1402},{},[9367],{"data":9368,"marks":9369,"value":9370,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Velocity",{"data":9372,"content":9373,"nodeType":951},{},[9374],{"data":9375,"marks":9376,"value":9377,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Agents allow us to massively scale our research expertise, delivering detections for emerging threats or new variants much faster than humans alone can.",{"data":9379,"content":9380,"nodeType":951},{},[9381,9385,9390],{"data":9382,"marks":9383,"value":9384,"nodeType":502},{},[],"This year already, we’ve ",{"data":9386,"marks":9387,"value":9389,"nodeType":502},{},[9388],{"type":989},"tripled",{"data":9391,"marks":9392,"value":9393,"nodeType":502},{},[]," the number of new detections shipped to customers.",{"data":9395,"content":9396,"nodeType":951},{},[9397,9401,9406],{"data":9398,"marks":9399,"value":9400,"nodeType":502},{},[],"We’ve also reduced the time it takes to ship production-ready detections for new threats from weeks to ",{"data":9402,"marks":9403,"value":9405,"nodeType":502},{},[9404],{"type":989},"minutes",{"data":9407,"marks":9408,"value":3017,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":9410,"content":9411,"nodeType":1402},{},[9412],{"data":9413,"marks":9414,"value":9415,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Detection coverage",{"data":9417,"content":9418,"nodeType":951},{},[9419,9423,9428],{"data":9420,"marks":9421,"value":9422,"nodeType":502},{},[],"With that scaled expertise comes broad coverage. We perform an average of ",{"data":9424,"marks":9425,"value":9427,"nodeType":502},{},[9426],{"type":989},"300+ hunts",{"data":9429,"marks":9430,"value":9431,"nodeType":502},{},[]," a month (a mix of live queries for identified TTPs we’re looking for, plus net-new hunts for emerging threats we identify in any given month).",{"data":9433,"content":9434,"nodeType":951},{},[9435],{"data":9436,"marks":9437,"value":9438,"nodeType":502},{},[],"A few other metrics that demonstrate the scale of our detection coverage:",{"data":9440,"content":9441,"nodeType":1031},{},[9442,9457,9472],{"data":9443,"content":9444,"nodeType":1035},{},[9445],{"data":9446,"content":9447,"nodeType":951},{},[9448,9453],{"data":9449,"marks":9450,"value":9452,"nodeType":502},{},[9451],{"type":989},"75+",{"data":9454,"marks":9455,"value":9456,"nodeType":502},{},[]," attacker tools documented in our KB so far",{"data":9458,"content":9459,"nodeType":1035},{},[9460],{"data":9461,"content":9462,"nodeType":951},{},[9463,9468],{"data":9464,"marks":9465,"value":9467,"nodeType":502},{},[9466],{"type":989},"25+",{"data":9469,"marks":9470,"value":9471,"nodeType":502},{},[]," variants of existing attacks we’ve identified and shipped detections for",{"data":9473,"content":9474,"nodeType":1035},{},[9475],{"data":9476,"content":9477,"nodeType":951},{},[9478,9483],{"data":9479,"marks":9480,"value":9482,"nodeType":502},{},[9481],{"type":989},"10,000+",{"data":9484,"marks":9485,"value":9486,"nodeType":502},{},[]," monthly sessions analyzed",{"data":9488,"content":9489,"nodeType":1402},{},[9490],{"data":9491,"marks":9492,"value":9493,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Protection from emerging threats",{"data":9495,"content":9496,"nodeType":951},{},[9497,9501,9506],{"data":9498,"marks":9499,"value":9500,"nodeType":502},{},[],"On the emerging threat side, our team was the first to identify or document ",{"data":9502,"marks":9503,"value":9505,"nodeType":502},{},[9504],{"type":989},"three new browser-based attack techniques",{"data":9507,"marks":9508,"value":9509,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — ConsentFix, InstallFix, and LLMShare — shipping detections to all customers quickly after identification.",{"data":9511,"content":9512,"nodeType":951},{},[9513],{"data":9514,"marks":9515,"value":9516,"nodeType":502},{},[],"In that same time frame, we’ve also:",{"data":9518,"content":9519,"nodeType":1031},{},[9520,9547],{"data":9521,"content":9522,"nodeType":1035},{},[9523],{"data":9524,"content":9525,"nodeType":951},{},[9526,9530,9535,9538,9543],{"data":9527,"marks":9528,"value":9529,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Protected ",{"data":9531,"marks":9532,"value":9534,"nodeType":502},{},[9533],{"type":989},"60+",{"data":9536,"marks":9537,"value":1261,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":9539,"marks":9540,"value":9542,"nodeType":502},{},[9541],{"type":989},"customers in the last 3 months",{"data":9544,"marks":9545,"value":9546,"nodeType":502},{},[]," who’ve been targeted with novel phishing techniques — identifying never-before-seen techniques, lures, delivery mechanisms, interactions, tools, or attack chains",{"data":9548,"content":9549,"nodeType":1035},{},[9550],{"data":9551,"content":9552,"nodeType":951},{},[9553,9557,9562],{"data":9554,"marks":9555,"value":9556,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Prevented ",{"data":9558,"marks":9559,"value":9561,"nodeType":502},{},[9560],{"type":989},"225+",{"data":9563,"marks":9564,"value":9565,"nodeType":502},{},[]," instances of threats pre-compromise for novel techniques",{"data":9567,"content":9568,"nodeType":951},{},[9569],{"data":9570,"marks":9571,"value":9572,"nodeType":502},{},[],"In all of the above situations, Push customers didn’t have to do anything — no combing through TI to find relevant details, no writing their own detections and tuning out false positives, or spending cycles to unpack a particularly knotty attack chain that used techniques they had never seen before. ",{"data":9574,"content":9575,"nodeType":951},{},[9576],{"data":9577,"marks":9578,"value":9580,"nodeType":502},{},[9579],{"type":989},"That’s what operationalized intelligence looks like at scale, delivered as a product, not a project.",{"data":9582,"content":9583,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":9585,"content":9586,"nodeType":1099},{},[9587],{"data":9588,"marks":9589,"value":3671,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":9591,"content":9592,"nodeType":951},{},[9593],{"data":9594,"marks":9595,"value":9596,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The same foundational capabilities that enable this agentic threat hunting pipeline also deliver other security outcomes for Push customers: gaining visibility and control over AI tool usage; hardening identities by surfacing credential reuse, SSO gaps, and shadow IT; and supporting data loss and insider investigations with browser-layer telemetry that other tools can’t see.",{"data":9598,"content":9599,"nodeType":951},{},[9600,9604,9611],{"data":9601,"marks":9602,"value":9603,"nodeType":502},{},[],"If you’d like to learn more, ",{"data":9605,"content":9606,"nodeType":973},{"uri":1790},[9607],{"data":9608,"marks":9609,"value":7374,"nodeType":502},{},[9610],{"type":1545},{"data":9612,"marks":9613,"value":7379,"nodeType":502},{},[],"How Push’s agentic threat hunting in the browser benefits every customer","Security outcomes you can achieve when AI agents hunt in the browser, identify new threats, and ship detections that benefit everyone.","2026-07-23T00:00:00.000Z","agentic-threat-hunting-benefits-for-customers",{"items":9619},[9620,9622],{"sys":9621,"name":7395},{"id":7394},{"sys":9623,"name":7391},{"id":7390},{"items":9625},[9626],{"fullName":940,"firstName":941,"jobTitle":942,"profilePicture":9627},{"url":944},{"__typename":2150,"sys":9629,"content":9631,"title":10418,"synopsis":10419,"hashTags":59,"publishedDate":10420,"slug":10421,"tagsCollection":10422,"authorsCollection":10428},{"id":9630},"Gcg7PGuICrlRcqq1QFXxH",{"json":9632},{"data":9633,"content":9634,"nodeType":947},{},[9635,9642,9649,9680,9687,9693,9699,9711,9714,9722,9738,9745,9751,9758,9765,9771,9774,9782,9789,9795,9801,9808,9815,9833,9839,9842,9850,9868,9874,9881,9884,9892,9899,9906,9912,9918,9961,9968,9971,9979,9986,9993,10036,10043,10074,10081,10124,10131,10134,10142,10161,10168,10176,10191,10198,10217,10224,10227,10233,10239,10255,10258,10266,10285,10292,10412],{"data":9636,"content":9637,"nodeType":951},{},[9638],{"data":9639,"marks":9640,"value":9641,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Shared conversations on AI chatbot platforms have become the latest delivery mechanism for malware campaigns targeting macOS and Windows users. Attackers create content on platforms like ChatGPT and Claude that appears to offer installation guidance or service updates, then drive traffic to it via search engine results in the form of malvertising and SEO poisoning.  ",{"data":9643,"content":9644,"nodeType":951},{},[9645],{"data":9646,"marks":9647,"value":9648,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The content lives on chatgpt.com or claude.ai — domains that users and security tools trust implicitly — so the attack bypasses URL reputation checks before the victim even reaches the malicious payload.",{"data":9650,"content":9651,"nodeType":951},{},[9652,9656,9664,9668,9676],{"data":9653,"marks":9654,"value":9655,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Several variants of this technique have been ",{"data":9657,"content":9659,"nodeType":973},{"uri":9658},"https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/hackers-abuse-google-ads-claudeai-chats-to-push-mac-malware/",[9660],{"data":9661,"marks":9662,"value":9663,"nodeType":502},{},[],"reported over the past few months",{"data":9665,"marks":9666,"value":9667,"nodeType":502},{},[],". The earliest examples used shared Claude.ai conversations disguised as installation guides — complete with fake \"Apple Support\" attribution — that walked users through opening a terminal and pasting a curl command that downloaded and executed an infostealer. ",{"data":9669,"content":9671,"nodeType":973},{"uri":9670},"https://www.kaspersky.com/blog/share-chatgpt-chat-clickfix-macos-amos-infostealer/54928/",[9672],{"data":9673,"marks":9674,"value":9675,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Kaspersky documented a parallel campaign",{"data":9677,"marks":9678,"value":9679,"nodeType":502},{},[]," using shared ChatGPT conversations to deliver the AMOS (Atomic macOS Stealer) via the same paste-this-command social engineering pattern. ",{"data":9681,"content":9682,"nodeType":951},{},[9683],{"data":9684,"marks":9685,"value":9686,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push has detected a new variant that goes beyond the previously reported technique of embedding terminal commands in shared conversations: the attacker has used ChatGPT's code rendering feature to build a fully designed fake page that mimics a ChatGPT service disruption, redirecting victims to a convincing clone of ChatGPT's download page that delivers a malicious executable. ",{"data":9688,"content":9692,"nodeType":1086},{"target":9689},{"sys":9690},{"id":9691,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"5lz9zt223pecGvdaqdvSTQ",[],{"data":9694,"content":9698,"nodeType":1086},{"target":9695},{"sys":9696},{"id":9697,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"51GomAj3VOjnbmgd1DWYu0",[],{"data":9700,"content":9701,"nodeType":951},{},[9702,9707],{"data":9703,"marks":9704,"value":9706,"nodeType":502},{},[9705],{"type":989},"This is a live campaign which is still generating detections across our customer base at the time of writing. ",{"data":9708,"marks":9709,"value":9710,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push customers are already protected and do not need to take further action. The malicious page URLs can be found at the end of this report but are not exhaustive and are liable to change. ",{"data":9712,"content":9713,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":9715,"content":9716,"nodeType":1099},{},[9717],{"data":9718,"marks":9719,"value":9721,"nodeType":502},{},[9720],{"type":989},"A fake page, not a fake conversation",{"data":9723,"content":9724,"nodeType":951},{},[9725,9729,9734],{"data":9726,"marks":9727,"value":9728,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Previously reported variants relied on shared ",{"data":9730,"marks":9731,"value":9733,"nodeType":502},{},[9732],{"type":2337},"conversations",{"data":9735,"marks":9736,"value":9737,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — the attacker created a chat that contained step-by-step instructions for the victim to follow, typically involving pasting a command into their terminal. The social engineering was conversational: the \"AI assistant\" appeared to be helpfully guiding the user through an installation process.",{"data":9739,"content":9740,"nodeType":951},{},[9741],{"data":9742,"marks":9743,"value":9744,"nodeType":502},{},[],"But now, rather than a shared conversation, the attacker has used ChatGPT's code rendering feature to create a fully designed, self-contained web page hosted at a chatgpt.com/s/ URL. It renders as what appears to be a ChatGPT service disruption notice:",{"data":9746,"content":9750,"nodeType":1086},{"target":9747},{"sys":9748},{"id":9749,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"1O9gyQab81SnbxhQp2aa5Z",[],{"data":9752,"content":9753,"nodeType":951},{},[9754],{"data":9755,"marks":9756,"value":9757,"nodeType":502},{},[],"A professional-looking error message reads: \"We're experiencing high traffic right now. Our website is temporarily unavailable due to a large number of users. Download our desktop app to continue.\" A prominent download button sits below.",{"data":9759,"content":9760,"nodeType":951},{},[9761],{"data":9762,"marks":9763,"value":9764,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The \"Show code\" toggle at the top of the page reveals what's actually happening — the entire thing is custom HTML and CSS, authored to mimic a ChatGPT system notice, rendered using ChatGPT's code output feature. A web page inside a web page, hosted on a domain that every URL reputation system in the world considers safe.",{"data":9766,"content":9770,"nodeType":1086},{"target":9767},{"sys":9768},{"id":9769,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"4kQTfxB3aVH9W9BeYOuljP",[],{"data":9772,"content":9773,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":9775,"content":9776,"nodeType":1099},{},[9777],{"data":9778,"marks":9779,"value":9781,"nodeType":502},{},[9780],{"type":989},"The download page",{"data":9783,"content":9784,"nodeType":951},{},[9785],{"data":9786,"marks":9787,"value":9788,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Clicking the download button redirects the user to openew[.]app, which presents a convincing clone of ChatGPT's official desktop application download page — complete with OpenAI branding, macOS and Windows download buttons, a Chrome extension link, and a mobile download section.",{"data":9790,"content":9794,"nodeType":1086},{"target":9791},{"sys":9792},{"id":9793,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"4MdFc4OB37ZihTGx506QJ6",[],{"data":9796,"content":9800,"nodeType":1086},{"target":9797},{"sys":9798},{"id":9799,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"LaPUy0zpIeY8s4PF2wkat",[],{"data":9802,"content":9803,"nodeType":951},{},[9804],{"data":9805,"marks":9806,"value":9807,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The site also displays differently depending on who visits it. When Push researchers examined the URL via URLScan, the scanner was redirected to a different page entirely — a generic AR/VR company website with no obvious connection to ChatGPT. ",{"data":9809,"content":9810,"nodeType":951},{},[9811],{"data":9812,"marks":9813,"value":9814,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Real users in a browser see the fake download page; automated scanners and bots see something benign. This kind of conditional rendering is a well-established evasion technique in the malvertising ecosystem, and it makes the malicious infrastructure harder for security teams and threat intelligence services to identify and analyze.",{"data":9816,"content":9817,"nodeType":951},{},[9818,9822,9830],{"data":9819,"marks":9820,"value":9821,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The downloaded executable poses as \"ChatGPT for Desktop\" and is ",{"data":9823,"content":9825,"nodeType":973},{"uri":9824},"https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/de8c50e8ccd240ef9d10ec26c26eeb37a4d1cad7c1e0edf3bb6e5689ec2dde78",[9826],{"data":9827,"marks":9828,"value":9829,"nodeType":502},{},[],"flagged on VirusTotal",{"data":9831,"marks":9832,"value":3017,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":9834,"content":9838,"nodeType":1086},{"target":9835},{"sys":9836},{"id":9837,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"3FSbwoFJYQrcyo9uMsQIWI",[],{"data":9840,"content":9841,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":9843,"content":9844,"nodeType":1099},{},[9845],{"data":9846,"marks":9847,"value":9849,"nodeType":502},{},[9848],{"type":989},"The Claude variant: same campaign, different platform",{"data":9851,"content":9852,"nodeType":951},{},[9853,9857,9864],{"data":9854,"marks":9855,"value":9856,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Alongside the ChatGPT rendered-page variant, Push has also detected the previously reported style of attack using shared Claude.ai conversations. These follow the pattern documented by ",{"data":9858,"content":9859,"nodeType":973},{"uri":9658},[9860],{"data":9861,"marks":9862,"value":9863,"nodeType":502},{},[],"BleepingComputer",{"data":9865,"marks":9866,"value":9867,"nodeType":502},{},[],": a shared chat disguised as a \"Claude Code on Mac\" installation guide, attributed to \"Apple Support,\" containing a curl command that downloads and executes malware.",{"data":9869,"content":9873,"nodeType":1086},{"target":9870},{"sys":9871},{"id":9872,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"5sWayuTsVdiLSLoS4sv2Vc",[],{"data":9875,"content":9876,"nodeType":951},{},[9877],{"data":9878,"marks":9879,"value":9880,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The fact that both the ChatGPT and Claude variants are appearing in Push customer environments suggests a campaign — or at least a shared playbook — that is actively experimenting with different platforms and different social engineering approaches to find what converts best.",{"data":9882,"content":9883,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":9885,"content":9886,"nodeType":1099},{},[9887],{"data":9888,"marks":9889,"value":9891,"nodeType":502},{},[9890],{"type":989},"Malvertising remains one of the top phishing delivery channels",{"data":9893,"content":9894,"nodeType":951},{},[9895],{"data":9896,"marks":9897,"value":9898,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push has detected this variant across multiple customer environments, with users arriving at these shared chat URLs after searching for terms including \"chatgpt,\" \"chatgpt free,\" \"chat gpt,\" and common typos like \"chatgo,\" \"chatgot,\" and \"cvhatgpt.\" ",{"data":9900,"content":9901,"nodeType":951},{},[9902],{"data":9903,"marks":9904,"value":9905,"nodeType":502},{},[],"You can see an example of this below: it's incredibly convincing, and uses the real ChatGPT domain — so even users that are paying attention are liable to fall for it. ",{"data":9907,"content":9911,"nodeType":1086},{"target":9908},{"sys":9909},{"id":9910,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"1GYWOyHpZT1rdTm6IGOKu8",[],{"data":9913,"content":9917,"nodeType":1086},{"target":9914},{"sys":9915},{"id":9916,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"4HpFJRAZH2lbygaEk2xOnN",[],{"data":9919,"content":9920,"nodeType":951},{},[9921,9925,9933,9937,9945,9948,9957],{"data":9922,"marks":9923,"value":9924,"nodeType":502},{},[],"This fits a pattern Push has tracked extensively. ",{"data":9926,"content":9928,"nodeType":973},{"uri":9927},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/verizon-dbir-2026-review/",[9929],{"data":9930,"marks":9931,"value":9932,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Search-based delivery is now the dominant channel for malware distribution",{"data":9934,"marks":9935,"value":9936,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — our own data shows that ClickFix attacks are reached via search results rather than email in 4 of 5 cases, and Push's own research into ",{"data":9938,"content":9940,"nodeType":973},{"uri":9939},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/analysing-a-sophisticated-google-malvertising-attack/",[9941],{"data":9942,"marks":9943,"value":9944,"nodeType":502},{},[],"malvertising campaigns impersonating brands like TradingView",{"data":9946,"marks":9947,"value":992,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":9949,"content":9951,"nodeType":973},{"uri":9950},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/google-search-malvertising-campaign-continues-now-impersonating-ahrefs/",[9952],{"data":9953,"marks":9954,"value":9956,"nodeType":502},{},[9955],{"type":1545},"Ahrefs",{"data":9958,"marks":9959,"value":9960,"nodeType":502},{},[]," has demonstrated how effectively search ads can funnel victims to malicious pages. ",{"data":9962,"content":9963,"nodeType":951},{},[9964],{"data":9965,"marks":9966,"value":9967,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The shared-chat technique adds a new dimension: the destination URL itself is genuine (chatgpt.com, claude.ai), which means even a cautious user who checks the URL before clicking will see nothing suspicious.",{"data":9969,"content":9970,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":9972,"content":9973,"nodeType":1099},{},[9974],{"data":9975,"marks":9976,"value":9978,"nodeType":502},{},[9977],{"type":989},"Legitimate platform abuse is everywhere",{"data":9980,"content":9981,"nodeType":951},{},[9982],{"data":9983,"marks":9984,"value":9985,"nodeType":502},{},[],"This is one example of a much broader pattern that has become one of the defining characteristics of the 2026 threat landscape: attackers systematically abusing legitimate platforms as attack infrastructure. The scale and variety of this abuse in recent months alone is striking, and it spans every stage of the phishing chain.",{"data":9987,"content":9988,"nodeType":1402},{},[9989],{"data":9990,"marks":9991,"value":9992,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Legit platform abuse for delivery",{"data":9994,"content":9995,"nodeType":951},{},[9996,10000,10008,10012,10020,10024,10032],{"data":9997,"marks":9998,"value":9999,"nodeType":502},{},[],"On the delivery side, attackers have been ",{"data":10001,"content":10003,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10002},"https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/amazon-ses-increasingly-abused-in-phishing-to-evade-detection/",[10004],{"data":10005,"marks":10006,"value":10007,"nodeType":502},{},[],"weaponizing stolen AWS credentials to send phishing through Amazon SES",{"data":10009,"marks":10010,"value":10011,"nodeType":502},{},[]," that passes SPF, DKIM, and DMARC validation because SES is a legitimate Amazon service. A Vietnamese operation dubbed ",{"data":10013,"content":10015,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10014},"https://thehackernews.com/2026/05/30000-facebook-accounts-hacked-via.html",[10016],{"data":10017,"marks":10018,"value":10019,"nodeType":502},{},[],"AccountDumpling used Google AppSheet's built-in email capability",{"data":10021,"marks":10022,"value":10023,"nodeType":502},{},[]," as a phishing relay to harvest 30,000 Facebook credentials. ",{"data":10025,"content":10027,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10026},"https://techcrunch.com/2026/05/21/scammers-are-abusing-an-internal-microsoft-account-to-send-spam/",[10028],{"data":10029,"marks":10030,"value":10031,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Scammers exploited Microsoft's own internal notification pipeline",{"data":10033,"marks":10034,"value":10035,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — sending phishing from the same msonlineservicesteam@microsoftonline.com address that delivers legitimate 2FA codes — with Spamhaus confirming months of ongoing abuse.",{"data":10037,"content":10038,"nodeType":1402},{},[10039],{"data":10040,"marks":10041,"value":10042,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Legit platform abuse for hosting",{"data":10044,"content":10045,"nodeType":951},{},[10046,10050,10058,10062,10070],{"data":10047,"marks":10048,"value":10049,"nodeType":502},{},[],"For hosting, the platforms being abused read like a who's who of modern web infrastructure. ",{"data":10051,"content":10053,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10052},"https://www.securityweek.com/over-500-organizations-hit-in-years-long-phishing-campaign/",[10054],{"data":10055,"marks":10056,"value":10057,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Operation HookedWing ran for four years",{"data":10059,"marks":10060,"value":10061,"nodeType":502},{},[]," on GitHub Pages and Vercel, compromising 500+ organizations across more than 100 GitHub Pages domains before anyone documented it publicly. Cofense has separately ",{"data":10063,"content":10065,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10064},"https://cofense.com/blog/steal-smarter-not-harder-malicious-use-of-vercel-for-credential-phishing/",[10066],{"data":10067,"marks":10068,"value":10069,"nodeType":502},{},[],"documented the growing abuse of Vercel",{"data":10071,"marks":10072,"value":10073,"nodeType":502},{},[]," for credential phishing hosting. Pixm's Q1 2026 phishing report tracked over 100 unique Azure Blob Storage subdomain variants hosting phishing content that carried Microsoft's own domain reputation, alongside abuse of Cloudflare CDN, Cloudflare Workers, Cloudflare R2, Backblaze B2, and Supabase. ",{"data":10075,"content":10076,"nodeType":1402},{},[10077],{"data":10078,"marks":10079,"value":10080,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Abuse of compromised websites that are otherwise legit",{"data":10082,"content":10083,"nodeType":951},{},[10084,10088,10096,10100,10108,10112,10120],{"data":10085,"marks":10086,"value":10087,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Compromised legitimate sites are also being repurposed at scale. A mass exploitation of a ",{"data":10089,"content":10091,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10090},"https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/ghost-cms-sql-injection-flaw-exploited-in-large-scale-clickfix-campaign/",[10092],{"data":10093,"marks":10094,"value":10095,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Ghost CMS vulnerability planted ClickFix pages across 700+ websites",{"data":10097,"marks":10098,"value":10099,"nodeType":502},{},[]," including Harvard, Oxford, and DuckDuckGo subdomains. Microsoft recently documented a campaign where ",{"data":10101,"content":10103,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10102},"https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2026/05/26/poisoned-search-results-gpu-mining-cryptojacking-campaign-abusing-screenconnect-microsoft-net-utilities/",[10104],{"data":10105,"marks":10106,"value":10107,"nodeType":502},{},[],"SEO poisoning was combined with AI chatbot recommendation manipulation",{"data":10109,"marks":10110,"value":10111,"nodeType":502},{},[]," to deliver GPU mining malware — extending the poisoning from traditional search results into AI-generated software recommendations. And ",{"data":10113,"content":10115,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10114},"https://www.helpnetsecurity.com/2026/05/27/deno-rat-malware-fake-chatgpt-claude-installers/",[10116],{"data":10117,"marks":10118,"value":10119,"nodeType":502},{},[],"fake ChatGPT and Claude installers on GitHub and SourceForge",{"data":10121,"marks":10122,"value":10123,"nodeType":502},{},[]," have been delivering the DinDoor backdoor and a Deno-based RAT via repositories that mimic legitimate developer tool distributions.",{"data":10125,"content":10126,"nodeType":951},{},[10127],{"data":10128,"marks":10129,"value":10130,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The structural problem is that every one of these platforms is genuinely legitimate, and the security controls that evaluate them — domain reputation, email authentication, URL categorization — confirm them as trusted because they are trusted. This attack extends this pattern into new territory by weaponizing the content-sharing features of AI chatbot platforms specifically, but the underlying principles are the same. ",{"data":10132,"content":10133,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":10135,"content":10136,"nodeType":1099},{},[10137],{"data":10138,"marks":10139,"value":10141,"nodeType":502},{},[10140],{"type":989},"Impact analysis",{"data":10143,"content":10144,"nodeType":951},{},[10145,10149,10157],{"data":10146,"marks":10147,"value":10148,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Shared-chat malware delivery exploits a structural property of AI platforms that traditional security controls aren't designed to handle. Domain reputation, URL categorization, and safe browsing databases all treat chatgpt.com and claude.ai as trusted — because they are. Using these trusted pages to link off to further convincing-looking pages hosting malware allows the attacker to run campaigns that blend in, as well as rotate the phishing delivery pages later in the chain should they ever be flagged, allowing the campaign to continue without interruption (a well known ",{"data":10150,"content":10152,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10151},"https://phishing-techniques.pushsecurity.com/",[10153],{"data":10154,"marks":10155,"value":10156,"nodeType":502},{},[],"detection evasion technique",{"data":10158,"marks":10159,"value":10160,"nodeType":502},{},[],"). ",{"data":10162,"content":10163,"nodeType":951},{},[10164],{"data":10165,"marks":10166,"value":10167,"nodeType":502},{},[],"What makes the rendered-page variant particularly concerning is that it eliminates the most obvious red flag in the earlier attacks. The Claude.ai conversation variants required the victim to recognize that a shared chat instructing them to paste terminal commands might be suspicious — a tall order for many users, but at least the attack surface was visible. The rendered-page variant shows nothing that looks like an attack. It presents what appears to be a routine service disruption with a reasonable call to action: download the desktop app to continue using ChatGPT. ",{"data":10169,"content":10170,"nodeType":1402},{},[10171],{"data":10172,"marks":10173,"value":10175,"nodeType":502},{},[10174],{"type":989},"How Push detected the attack",{"data":10177,"content":10178,"nodeType":951},{},[10179,10183,10187],{"data":10180,"marks":10181,"value":10182,"nodeType":502},{},[],"We've aligned our detection logic for this technique under the name ",{"data":10184,"marks":10185,"value":1645,"nodeType":502},{},[10186],{"type":989},{"data":10188,"marks":10189,"value":10190,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — a technique-level detection that covers shared content abuse across LLM platforms, not tied to any single campaign or set of IOCs. ",{"data":10192,"content":10193,"nodeType":951},{},[10194],{"data":10195,"marks":10196,"value":10197,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Because Push sees the full context of how a user arrived at a page and what that page does once it renders, we can identify LLMShare attacks regardless of which AI platform is being abused or what social engineering wrapper the attacker has chosen. ",{"data":10199,"content":10200,"nodeType":951},{},[10201,10205,10213],{"data":10202,"marks":10203,"value":10204,"nodeType":502},{},[],"When we identified the initial instances of this campaign, we used our ",{"data":10206,"content":10208,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10207},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/can-ai-replace-a-threat-researcher-what-we-learned-building-an-agentic-threat-hunting-pipeline/",[10209],{"data":10210,"marks":10211,"value":10212,"nodeType":502},{},[],"agentic threat hunting pipeline",{"data":10214,"marks":10215,"value":10216,"nodeType":502},{},[]," to hunt for additional examples across our customer telemetry, develop the LLMShare detection, and rapidly deploy it to customers. Push blocks users from interacting with the page before any malicious activity can occur. ",{"data":10218,"content":10219,"nodeType":951},{},[10220],{"data":10221,"marks":10222,"value":10223,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push customers do not need to take any further action.",{"data":10225,"content":10226,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":10228,"content":10229,"nodeType":951},{},[10230],{"data":10231,"marks":10232,"value":1772,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":10234,"content":10235,"nodeType":951},{},[10236],{"data":10237,"marks":10238,"value":1779,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":10240,"content":10241,"nodeType":951},{},[10242,10245,10252],{"data":10243,"marks":10244,"value":21,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":10246,"content":10247,"nodeType":973},{"uri":6294},[10248],{"data":10249,"marks":10250,"value":1793,"nodeType":502},{},[10251],{"type":1545},{"data":10253,"marks":10254,"value":21,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":10256,"content":10257,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":10259,"content":10260,"nodeType":1099},{},[10261],{"data":10262,"marks":10263,"value":10265,"nodeType":502},{},[10264],{"type":989},"Indicators of compromise",{"data":10267,"content":10268,"nodeType":951},{},[10269,10273,10281],{"data":10270,"marks":10271,"value":10272,"nodeType":502},{},[],"As we always say, short-lived IoCs are of limited value when tackling modern phishing attacks due to the rate at which attackers are able to ",{"data":10274,"content":10276,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10275},"https://phishing-techniques.pushsecurity.com/techniques/domain-rotation-redirection/",[10277],{"data":10278,"marks":10279,"value":10280,"nodeType":502},{},[],"quickly spin up and rotate the sites used",{"data":10282,"marks":10283,"value":10284,"nodeType":502},{},[]," in the attack chain. IoC-based detections for campaigns like this are of limited value.",{"data":10286,"content":10287,"nodeType":951},{},[10288],{"data":10289,"marks":10290,"value":10291,"nodeType":502},{},[],"At the time of writing, the indicators observed were:",{"data":10293,"content":10294,"nodeType":4938},{},[10295,10321,10344,10366,10389],{"data":10296,"content":10297,"nodeType":4674},{},[10298,10310],{"data":10299,"content":10300,"nodeType":10309},{},[10301],{"data":10302,"content":10303,"nodeType":951},{},[10304],{"data":10305,"marks":10306,"value":10308,"nodeType":502},{},[10307],{"type":989},"Indicator","table-header-cell",{"data":10311,"content":10312,"nodeType":10309},{},[10313],{"data":10314,"content":10315,"nodeType":951},{},[10316],{"data":10317,"marks":10318,"value":10320,"nodeType":502},{},[10319],{"type":989},"Type",{"data":10322,"content":10323,"nodeType":4674},{},[10324,10334],{"data":10325,"content":10326,"nodeType":4662},{},[10327],{"data":10328,"content":10329,"nodeType":951},{},[10330],{"data":10331,"marks":10332,"value":10333,"nodeType":502},{},[],"hxxps://claude[.]ai/share/8e6401b5-4849-46c4-a3cb-29e1c3c49131",{"data":10335,"content":10336,"nodeType":4662},{},[10337],{"data":10338,"content":10339,"nodeType":951},{},[10340],{"data":10341,"marks":10342,"value":10343,"nodeType":502},{},[],"URL",{"data":10345,"content":10346,"nodeType":4674},{},[10347,10357],{"data":10348,"content":10349,"nodeType":4662},{},[10350],{"data":10351,"content":10352,"nodeType":951},{},[10353],{"data":10354,"marks":10355,"value":10356,"nodeType":502},{},[],"hxxps://chatgpt[.]com/s/cb_6a0f1e6bbec88191aa7fede27163f08d",{"data":10358,"content":10359,"nodeType":4662},{},[10360],{"data":10361,"content":10362,"nodeType":951},{},[10363],{"data":10364,"marks":10365,"value":10343,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":10367,"content":10368,"nodeType":4674},{},[10369,10379],{"data":10370,"content":10371,"nodeType":4662},{},[10372],{"data":10373,"content":10374,"nodeType":951},{},[10375],{"data":10376,"marks":10377,"value":10378,"nodeType":502},{},[],"openew[.]app",{"data":10380,"content":10381,"nodeType":4662},{},[10382],{"data":10383,"content":10384,"nodeType":951},{},[10385],{"data":10386,"marks":10387,"value":10388,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Domain",{"data":10390,"content":10391,"nodeType":4674},{},[10392,10402],{"data":10393,"content":10394,"nodeType":4662},{},[10395],{"data":10396,"content":10397,"nodeType":951},{},[10398],{"data":10399,"marks":10400,"value":10401,"nodeType":502},{},[],"de8c50e8ccd240ef9d10ec26c26eeb37a4d1cad7c1e0edf3bb6e5689ec2dde78",{"data":10403,"content":10404,"nodeType":4662},{},[10405],{"data":10406,"content":10407,"nodeType":951},{},[10408],{"data":10409,"marks":10410,"value":10411,"nodeType":502},{},[],"SHA256",{"data":10413,"content":10414,"nodeType":951},{},[10415],{"data":10416,"marks":10417,"value":21,"nodeType":502},{},[],"LLMShare: how attackers are turning AI chatbot pages into malware delivery platforms","How attackers are using shared content features on AI chatbot platforms to deliver malware via pages hosted on legitimate domains, sent via malvertising.","2026-05-29T00:00:00.000Z","llmshare-malvertising-campaign",{"items":10423},[10424,10426],{"sys":10425,"name":7391},{"id":7390},{"sys":10427,"name":7395},{"id":7394},{"items":10429},[10430],{"fullName":10431,"firstName":10432,"jobTitle":10433,"profilePicture":10434},"Keanu Maharaj","Keanu","Senior Security Researcher",{"url":10435},"https://images.ctfassets.net/y1cdw1ablpvd/VCGOm62jiocjwngWTh32U/e9a30637b1c76bf988d2fec90f5b6c36/1689361049351_1.png",{"__typename":2150,"sys":10437,"content":10439,"title":11192,"synopsis":11193,"hashTags":59,"publishedDate":11194,"slug":11195,"tagsCollection":11196,"authorsCollection":11202},{"id":10438},"5RDOpmzJolwT1hk0fNIxzf",{"json":10440},{"data":10441,"content":10442,"nodeType":947},{},[10443,10462,10468,10475,10482,10485,10493,10512,10531,10538,10544,10551,10557,10564,10572,10579,10597,10627,10633,10639,10647,10654,10672,10702,10734,10741,10746,10754,10761,10773,10780,10818,10823,10864,10901,10907,10910,10918,10925,10931,10938,10945,10951,10958,10965,10992,10995,11003,11010,11018,11025,11032,11051,11058,11064,11071,11079,11086,11103,11110,11128,11131,11139,11146,11153,11160,11163,11169,11175],{"data":10444,"content":10445,"nodeType":951},{},[10446,10450,10458],{"data":10447,"marks":10448,"value":10449,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Back in 2024, we wrote about ",{"data":10451,"content":10453,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10452},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/our-design-philosophy-detecting-what-matters/",[10454],{"data":10455,"marks":10456,"value":10457,"nodeType":502},{},[],"how the Pyramid of Pain shapes Push's detection philosophy",{"data":10459,"marks":10460,"value":10461,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — detections targeting indicators that are easy for attackers to change deliver diminishing returns, while detections targeting attacker techniques impose a cost that's hard to absorb. Two years on, every force that made IoC-based detection fragile has intensified.",{"data":10463,"content":10467,"nodeType":1086},{"target":10464},{"sys":10465},{"id":10466,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"1iuLYxwI8T1wDUIFSom0G0",[],{"data":10469,"content":10470,"nodeType":951},{},[10471],{"data":10472,"marks":10473,"value":10474,"nodeType":502},{},[],"AI hasn't introduced a new problem so much as it's compressed the timelines on an existing one — attackers can generate infrastructure, iterate on tooling, and industrialize newly discovered techniques faster than before. The bottom layers of the Pyramid are collapsing under the weight of machine-speed operations, and the middle layers are starting to buckle too.",{"data":10476,"content":10477,"nodeType":951},{},[10478],{"data":10479,"marks":10480,"value":10481,"nodeType":502},{},[],"These changes mean that technique-level detection is more important than ever. In this article, we’ll dig into how the Pyramid is changing, and what this means for our detection philosophy at Push (TL;DR — it reinforces the path we’re already on: building detections at the top of the Pyramid by harnessing browser visibility). ",{"data":10483,"content":10484,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":10486,"content":10487,"nodeType":1099},{},[10488],{"data":10489,"marks":10490,"value":10492,"nodeType":502},{},[10491],{"type":989},"The bottom of the Pyramid was already crumbling",{"data":10494,"content":10495,"nodeType":951},{},[10496,10500,10508],{"data":10497,"marks":10498,"value":10499,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The case against indicator-based detection didn't need AI to be compelling. ",{"data":10501,"content":10503,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10502},"https://www.spamhaus.org/",[10504],{"data":10505,"marks":10506,"value":10507,"nodeType":502},{},[],"89% of phishing domains are active for fewer than two days",{"data":10509,"marks":10510,"value":10511,"nodeType":502},{},[],", with just 6.5% surviving past 15 days — by the time a domain makes it onto a blocklist, the campaign has moved on.",{"data":10513,"content":10514,"nodeType":951},{},[10515,10519,10527],{"data":10516,"marks":10517,"value":10518,"nodeType":502},{},[],"We've ",{"data":10520,"content":10522,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10521},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/why-most-phishing-attacks-feel-like-a-zero-day/",[10523],{"data":10524,"marks":10525,"value":10526,"nodeType":502},{},[],"written before",{"data":10528,"marks":10529,"value":10530,"nodeType":502},{},[]," about how this makes every phishing attack effectively a zero-day for organizations relying on known-bad detection. The phishing kit's behavior — its page structure, script signatures, malicious payload mechanics — is the only detection target that outlasts a single campaign.",{"data":10532,"content":10533,"nodeType":951},{},[10534],{"data":10535,"marks":10536,"value":10537,"nodeType":502},{},[],"When we blogged about the Pyramid of Pain for modern attacks that happen predominantly over the internet, with minimal (or zero) endpoint contact, it first looked like this: ",{"data":10539,"content":10543,"nodeType":1086},{"target":10540},{"sys":10541},{"id":10542,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"2N04ycJ6RKGfHdX5X1TwU3",[],{"data":10545,"content":10546,"nodeType":951},{},[10547],{"data":10548,"marks":10549,"value":10550,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Now, it looks more like this:",{"data":10552,"content":10556,"nodeType":1086},{"target":10553},{"sys":10554},{"id":10555,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"mfhP4WToOQkrHnVkXU0tX",[],{"data":10558,"content":10559,"nodeType":951},{},[10560],{"data":10561,"marks":10562,"value":10563,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Let’s explore why. ",{"data":10565,"content":10566,"nodeType":1402},{},[10567],{"data":10568,"marks":10569,"value":10571,"nodeType":502},{},[10570],{"type":989},"AI is accelerating phishing rotation and delivery",{"data":10573,"content":10574,"nodeType":951},{},[10575],{"data":10576,"marks":10577,"value":10578,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Attackers are harnessing AI at every stage, speeding up the process of creating, rotating, and replacing phishing infrastructure at every level, as well as capitalizing on AI adoption itself to enhance their lures. The operational signature is more domains, shorter lifespans, more variation, and fewer of the reuse patterns that blocklists depend on.",{"data":10580,"content":10581,"nodeType":951},{},[10582,10586,10593],{"data":10583,"marks":10584,"value":10585,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Attackers can ",{"data":10587,"content":10588,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10207},[10589],{"data":10590,"marks":10591,"value":10592,"nodeType":502},{},[],"vibe-code entire phishing pages in minutes",{"data":10594,"marks":10595,"value":10596,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — not just cloning legitimate login pages but vibe-cloning them, feeding an AI a screenshot and having it rebuild a convincing frontend with a completely unique backend. ",{"data":10598,"content":10599,"nodeType":951},{},[10600,10604,10612,10616,10623],{"data":10601,"marks":10602,"value":10603,"nodeType":502},{},[],"We've seen attackers clone free SaaS tools like background removers and PDF converters, then inject phishing components or ClickFix payloads into what looks like a functional utility. We’ve even seen attackers distributing malware using AI-generated pages shared using ",{"data":10605,"content":10606,"nodeType":973},{"uri":6147},[10607],{"data":10608,"marks":10609,"value":10611,"nodeType":502},{},[10610],{"type":1545},"LLM tool sharing functionality",{"data":10613,"marks":10614,"value":10615,"nodeType":502},{},[],", resulting in phishing delivery pages hosted on real claude.ai and chatgpt.com. And legitimate cloud platforms like ",{"data":10617,"content":10618,"nodeType":973},{"uri":6029},[10619],{"data":10620,"marks":10621,"value":10622,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Railway",{"data":10624,"marks":10625,"value":10626,"nodeType":502},{},[],", Cloudflare Workers, and Vercel host and dynamically rotate attack infrastructure, so the domains feeding into blocklists often belong to reputable services that can't simply be blocked. ",{"data":10628,"content":10632,"nodeType":1086},{"target":10629},{"sys":10630},{"id":10631,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"5yoLmqysyQazfzLITCUTfc",[],{"data":10634,"content":10638,"nodeType":1086},{"target":10635},{"sys":10636},{"id":10637,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"5XK5qZMQU19xlA8L2T5y0Z",[],{"data":10640,"content":10641,"nodeType":1402},{},[10642],{"data":10643,"marks":10644,"value":10646,"nodeType":502},{},[10645],{"type":989},"The kit ecosystem is fragmenting faster than anyone can track",{"data":10648,"content":10649,"nodeType":951},{},[10650],{"data":10651,"marks":10652,"value":10653,"nodeType":502},{},[],"What we see across our install base is a huge and growing variation in phishing kits — new kits, derivative kits of known platforms, derivatives of those derivatives — appearing on a weekly basis.",{"data":10655,"content":10656,"nodeType":951},{},[10657,10661,10668],{"data":10658,"marks":10659,"value":10660,"nodeType":502},{},[],"As we reported in our ",{"data":10662,"content":10663,"nodeType":973},{"uri":8200},[10664],{"data":10665,"marks":10666,"value":10667,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Browser Attacks Report",{"data":10669,"marks":10670,"value":10671,"nodeType":502},{},[],", the most common AiTM kits we detected over the last year were Tycoon 2FA (59% of detections), followed by Sneaky 2FA, FlowerStorm, Evilginx (nominally a red team tool, but widely abused by attackers), NakedPages, Gabagool, and dozens more — but those established names are just the visible layer.",{"data":10673,"content":10674,"nodeType":951},{},[10675,10679,10687,10691,10698],{"data":10676,"marks":10677,"value":10678,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Code is forked, modified, and redeployed across kits in a pattern that ",{"data":10680,"content":10682,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10681},"https://blog.barracuda.com/2026/04/16/threat-spotlight-tycoon-2fa-scattered-everywhere",[10683],{"data":10684,"marks":10685,"value":10686,"nodeType":502},{},[],"resembles open-source development",{"data":10688,"marks":10689,"value":10690,"nodeType":502},{},[]," more than traditional criminal enterprise, and the rate at which new variants appear is accelerating. The ",{"data":10692,"content":10693,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3352},[10694],{"data":10695,"marks":10696,"value":10697,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Venom kit",{"data":10699,"marks":10700,"value":10701,"nodeType":502},{},[]," reuses Sneaky 2FA's AiTM infrastructure but carries different branding and adds device code phishing — whether it's the same developers, stolen code, or a deliberate fork is unclear.",{"data":10703,"content":10704,"nodeType":951},{},[10705,10709,10717,10721,10730],{"data":10706,"marks":10707,"value":10708,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Tycoon 2FA illustrates the scale of the evolution. The kit evolves continuously, addingnew capabilities, new evasion techniques, and hybridizing with other platforms. Even when Sekoia and Microsoft seized 330+ Tycoon domains in March 2026, the techniques it popularized were already embedded across competitors, and the slack was taken up by rival platforms within days. And in any case, Tycoon was back to ",{"data":10710,"content":10712,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10711},"https://www.crowdstrike.com/en-us/blog/tycoon2fa-phishing-as-a-service-platform-persists-following-takedown/",[10713],{"data":10714,"marks":10715,"value":10716,"nodeType":502},{},[],"normal levels of operation",{"data":10718,"marks":10719,"value":10720,"nodeType":502},{},[]," shortly after. It has also been observed ",{"data":10722,"content":10724,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10723},"https://www.okta.com/en-nl/blog/threat-intelligence/tycoon_2fa_phishing_actors_scatter/",[10725],{"data":10726,"marks":10727,"value":10729,"nodeType":502},{},[10728],{"type":1545},"pivoting to add new device code phishing capabilities",{"data":10731,"marks":10732,"value":10733,"nodeType":502},{},[]," (more on that below). ",{"data":10735,"content":10736,"nodeType":951},{},[10737],{"data":10738,"marks":10739,"value":10740,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Tear one down and there are many more to take its place — and meanwhile the original is already evolving into something new.",{"data":10742,"content":10745,"nodeType":1086},{"target":10743},{"sys":10744},{"id":5525,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},[],{"data":10747,"content":10748,"nodeType":1402},{},[10749],{"data":10750,"marks":10751,"value":10753,"nodeType":502},{},[10752],{"type":989},"New techniques are being industrialized faster than ever",{"data":10755,"content":10756,"nodeType":951},{},[10757],{"data":10758,"marks":10759,"value":10760,"nodeType":502},{},[],"As well as the fragmentation of existing kits, we’re seeing new techniques added at an accelerating rate. ",{"data":10762,"content":10763,"nodeType":951},{},[10764,10769],{"data":10765,"marks":10766,"value":10768,"nodeType":502},{},[10767],{"type":989},"Device code phishing",{"data":10770,"marks":10771,"value":10772,"nodeType":502},{},[]," is the clearest case study. From early nation state adoption in 2024, it took until 2026 for criminal adoption to really take off, but the take-up this year is unprecedented. The EvilTokens kit packaged device code phishing into a PhaaS offering with GPT-powered spear-phishing and adaptive landing pages, hitting 340+ organizations across five countries in March 2026. ",{"data":10774,"content":10775,"nodeType":951},{},[10776],{"data":10777,"marks":10778,"value":10779,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Now, device code functionality is now a core phish kit component. We’re tracking 18+ kits with device code phishing capabilities and a 37.5x increase in device code phishing detections this year alone, with the technique moving from state-sponsored exclusivity to something any PhaaS customer can rent.",{"data":10781,"content":10782,"nodeType":951},{},[10783,10787,10794,10798,10803,10807,10815],{"data":10784,"marks":10785,"value":10786,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Similarly, when we ",{"data":10788,"content":10789,"nodeType":973},{"uri":5992},[10790],{"data":10791,"marks":10792,"value":10793,"nodeType":502},{},[],"infiltrated Doko's Panel",{"data":10795,"marks":10796,"value":10797,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — a ",{"data":10799,"marks":10800,"value":10802,"nodeType":502},{},[10801],{"type":989},"real-time vishing and AiTM platform",{"data":10804,"marks":10805,"value":10806,"nodeType":502},{},[]," used by ShinyHunters and affiliated groups — the codebase was full of LLM-generated artifacts. Multiple groups were using the templated vishing panel and spinning up their own variants, but the AI-generated indicators persisted throughout. This approach to real-time vishing + browser payload has been a ",{"data":10808,"content":10809,"nodeType":973},{"uri":4175},[10810],{"data":10811,"marks":10812,"value":10814,"nodeType":502},{},[10813],{"type":1545},"mainstay of the Com affiliates like ShinyHunters this year",{"data":10816,"marks":10817,"value":1864,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":10819,"content":10822,"nodeType":1086},{"target":10820},{"sys":10821},{"id":6005,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},[],{"data":10824,"content":10825,"nodeType":951},{},[10826,10830,10835,10839,10848,10852,10860],{"data":10827,"marks":10828,"value":10829,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The broader ",{"data":10831,"marks":10832,"value":10834,"nodeType":502},{},[10833],{"type":989},"ClickFix",{"data":10836,"marks":10837,"value":10838,"nodeType":502},{},[]," family shows the same acceleration: First reported in early 2024 and adopted by four nation-state groups within a single quarter. Fast forward and ",{"data":10840,"content":10842,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10841},"https://www.crowdstrike.com/en-us/global-threat-report/",[10843],{"data":10844,"marks":10845,"value":10847,"nodeType":502},{},[10846],{"type":1545},"CrowdStrike's data",{"data":10849,"marks":10850,"value":10851,"nodeType":502},{},[]," shows a 563% increase in fake CAPTCHA incidents (one of the more common ClickFix lure types), while ",{"data":10853,"content":10854,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7629},[10855],{"data":10856,"marks":10857,"value":10859,"nodeType":502},{},[10858],{"type":1545},"Microsoft reported",{"data":10861,"marks":10862,"value":10863,"nodeType":502},{},[]," it as making up 47% of observed attacks according to their Digital Defense Report.",{"data":10865,"content":10866,"nodeType":951},{},[10867,10871,10875,10879,10886,10890,10897],{"data":10868,"marks":10869,"value":10870,"nodeType":502},{},[],"And ",{"data":10872,"marks":10873,"value":7699,"nodeType":502},{},[10874],{"type":989},{"data":10876,"marks":10877,"value":10878,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — a combination of ClickFix and OAuth consent phishing techniques — suggests the next compression is already underway. Push researchers ",{"data":10880,"content":10881,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7694},[10882],{"data":10883,"marks":10884,"value":10885,"nodeType":502},{},[],"discovered the technique",{"data":10887,"marks":10888,"value":10889,"nodeType":502},{},[]," in December 2025 — a browser-native ClickFix variant hijacking OAuth consent grants via Azure CLI's localhost redirect. It was later confirmed to be tied to APT29. By January 2026, a ",{"data":10891,"content":10892,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7733},[10893],{"data":10894,"marks":10895,"value":10896,"nodeType":502},{},[],"criminal ConsentFix v3 toolkit",{"data":10898,"marks":10899,"value":10900,"nodeType":502},{},[]," had appeared on the XSS forum with Cloudflare Workers, ZoomInfo targeting, and automated exfiltration via Pipedream.",{"data":10902,"content":10906,"nodeType":1086},{"target":10903},{"sys":10904},{"id":10905,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"41FMif4T0y1maflzonWgL8",[],{"data":10908,"content":10909,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":10911,"content":10912,"nodeType":1099},{},[10913],{"data":10914,"marks":10915,"value":10917,"nodeType":502},{},[10916],{"type":989},"Why technique-level detection is the only layer that holds",{"data":10919,"content":10920,"nodeType":951},{},[10921],{"data":10922,"marks":10923,"value":10924,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The middle of the Pyramid — tool signatures and artifacts — used to offer much more durable detection than infrastructure indicators. Fingerprinting a specific phishing kit by its JavaScript structure or HTML patterns provided a detection target that survived across dozens or hundreds of campaigns, even as the underlying domains rotated. Tool level detections are still better, but not by quite the same margin.",{"data":10926,"content":10930,"nodeType":1086},{"target":10927},{"sys":10928},{"id":10929,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"5pxaYdCIFiFKLPhRaPoldX",[],{"data":10932,"content":10933,"nodeType":951},{},[10934],{"data":10935,"marks":10936,"value":10937,"nodeType":502},{},[],"When the kit landscape was dominated by a handful of platforms, you could write signatures for Tycoon, Sneaky2FA, EvilProxy, and so on, and cover the lion's share of attacks. With the ecosystem now producing new variants and entirely new kits on a weekly basis, detecting by kit fingerprint starts to look uncomfortably similar to detecting by domain.",{"data":10939,"content":10940,"nodeType":951},{},[10941],{"data":10942,"marks":10943,"value":10944,"nodeType":502},{},[],"But many of these proliferating kits do share behavioral patterns at a deeper level than their code signatures. For example, every device code phishing kit implements fundamentally the same flow: present a lure, generate a device code via the OAuth Device Authorization endpoint, get the user to enter it on the legitimate authorization page, and poll for the resulting tokens. The frontends vary, the infrastructure varies, but the behavioral pattern doesn't.",{"data":10946,"content":10950,"nodeType":1086},{"target":10947},{"sys":10948},{"id":10949,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"FyyHayQtsJTwoB1kluMOl",[],{"data":10952,"content":10953,"nodeType":951},{},[10954],{"data":10955,"marks":10956,"value":10957,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Genuinely new attack techniques still require human creativity — an attacker has to identify a gap in how a legitimate protocol or feature can be subverted. That kind of innovation hasn't been automated. But the window to discover a technique, build a detection, and then deploy it before it is adopted by criminals at scale is compressing with each generation.",{"data":10959,"content":10960,"nodeType":951},{},[10961],{"data":10962,"marks":10963,"value":10964,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Organizations that detect at the technique level and deploy before commoditization have a structural advantage that increases over time. Waiting for indicators — even tool-level indicators — means chasing a curve that's accelerating away from you. This is the challenge we grapple with every day as we strive for the most resilient detections possible. ",{"data":10966,"content":10967,"nodeType":1206},{},[10968],{"data":10969,"content":10970,"nodeType":951},{},[10971,10975,10983,10987],{"data":10972,"marks":10973,"value":10974,"nodeType":502},{},[],"As our CPO Jacques Louw put it on ",{"data":10976,"content":10978,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10977},"https://risky.biz/RBNEWSSI128/",[10979],{"data":10980,"marks":10981,"value":10982,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Risky Business",{"data":10984,"marks":10985,"value":10986,"nodeType":502},{},[],": ",{"data":10988,"marks":10989,"value":10991,"nodeType":502},{},[10990],{"type":2337},"\"There's no list of bad domains anywhere in the product. It's a crutch — a false cheat code that stops you from doing the detection in the way that actually is resilient, because the next time you see it, it will be on a different domain.\"",{"data":10993,"content":10994,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":10996,"content":10997,"nodeType":1099},{},[10998],{"data":10999,"marks":11000,"value":11002,"nodeType":502},{},[11001],{"type":989},"What it takes to detect at the top of the Pyramid",{"data":11004,"content":11005,"nodeType":951},{},[11006],{"data":11007,"marks":11008,"value":11009,"nodeType":502},{},[],"If technique-level detection is the only layer that holds, two things have to be true about your detection capability: You need the right vantage point, and you need the research velocity to stay ahead.",{"data":11011,"content":11012,"nodeType":1402},{},[11013],{"data":11014,"marks":11015,"value":11017,"nodeType":502},{},[11016],{"type":989},"You need the right vantage point",{"data":11019,"content":11020,"nodeType":951},{},[11021],{"data":11022,"marks":11023,"value":11024,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Technique-level behaviors in browser-based identity attacks — how a phishing page orchestrates credential entry, how a device code flow presents its authorization prompt, how a ClickFix variant manipulates the clipboard — are visible in the browser session and nowhere else.",{"data":11026,"content":11027,"nodeType":951},{},[11028],{"data":11029,"marks":11030,"value":11031,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Network proxies see encrypted traffic and can attempt to reconstruct page behavior from metadata, but DOM manipulation, user interaction sequences, and script execution aren't visible from that vantage point. Email gateways see the delivery mechanism (or nothing at all in the increasing number of social media and search engine based attacks) but not the payload.",{"data":11033,"content":11034,"nodeType":951},{},[11035,11039,11047],{"data":11036,"marks":11037,"value":11038,"nodeType":502},{},[],"As we disclosed in our ",{"data":11040,"content":11041,"nodeType":973},{"uri":8200},[11042],{"data":11043,"marks":11044,"value":11046,"nodeType":502},{},[11045],{"type":1545},"browser attacks report",{"data":11048,"marks":11049,"value":11050,"nodeType":502},{},[],", 95% of in-browser attacks we detect use some form of bot protection, often combined with conditional loading techniques like referrer and browser checks, reliably defeating automated analysis techniques. ",{"data":11052,"content":11053,"nodeType":951},{},[11054],{"data":11055,"marks":11056,"value":11057,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Behavioral detection at the technique level requires observing what happens on the page at the moment the user interacts with it — analyzing pages, not links. When you see the entire browsing flow — ad click, redirect chain, page render, credential prompt — an attack stands out immediately. Without that context, any detection system is forced to fill in gaps, and the gaps are where attacks hide.",{"data":11059,"content":11063,"nodeType":1086},{"target":11060},{"sys":11061},{"id":11062,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"4804g6u4POUDpL42bzP0EY",[],{"data":11065,"content":11066,"nodeType":951},{},[11067],{"data":11068,"marks":11069,"value":11070,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push sits inside the browser session, observing this in real time. Its detections target the behavioral mechanics of techniques rather than the surface characteristics of individual kits or infrastructure.",{"data":11072,"content":11073,"nodeType":1402},{},[11074],{"data":11075,"marks":11076,"value":11078,"nodeType":502},{},[11077],{"type":989},"You need the research expertise",{"data":11080,"content":11081,"nodeType":951},{},[11082],{"data":11083,"marks":11084,"value":11085,"nodeType":502},{},[],"When the window between technique discovery and industrialized exploitation is measured in weeks rather than years, the detection pipeline needs to operate on that same compressed timescale.",{"data":11087,"content":11088,"nodeType":951},{},[11089,11093,11099],{"data":11090,"marks":11091,"value":11092,"nodeType":502},{},[],"This is where our ",{"data":11094,"content":11095,"nodeType":973},{"uri":10207},[11096],{"data":11097,"marks":11098,"value":10212,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":11100,"marks":11101,"value":11102,"nodeType":502},{},[]," fits. It's tripled our monthly detection output — not by generating bigger blocklists, but by scaling the process of discovering behavioral patterns across the telemetry generated by 3+ million browser deployments.",{"data":11104,"content":11105,"nodeType":951},{},[11106],{"data":11107,"marks":11108,"value":11109,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The detections it produces are technique-class by design, targeting how attacks work rather than the infrastructure or specific tool that implements them. The goal is curation, not accumulation — hundreds of high-fidelity behavioral detections rather than the billions of signatures and domain entries that traditional approaches require.",{"data":11111,"content":11112,"nodeType":951},{},[11113,11117,11124],{"data":11114,"marks":11115,"value":11116,"nodeType":502},{},[],"When we detected the first in-the-wild ",{"data":11118,"content":11119,"nodeType":973},{"uri":7682},[11120],{"data":11121,"marks":11122,"value":11123,"nodeType":502},{},[],"InstallFix attack",{"data":11125,"marks":11126,"value":11127,"nodeType":502},{},[]," through the pipeline — a user had searched for NotebookLM, clicked a paid Google ad, and was redirected to a fake page with a WebAssembly C2 connector — the detection shipped to all customers within minutes. It didn't depend on knowing the domain, the ad creative, or the specific kit. It depended on recognizing the technique itself.",{"data":11129,"content":11130,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":11132,"content":11133,"nodeType":1099},{},[11134],{"data":11135,"marks":11136,"value":11138,"nodeType":502},{},[11137],{"type":989},"Technique-level detection is now the only option",{"data":11140,"content":11141,"nodeType":951},{},[11142],{"data":11143,"marks":11144,"value":11145,"nodeType":502},{},[],"As a framework for detection durability, the Pyramid of Pain is more relevant than ever. ",{"data":11147,"content":11148,"nodeType":951},{},[11149],{"data":11150,"marks":11151,"value":11152,"nodeType":502},{},[],"AI has made infrastructure indicators essentially disposable. The tools tier is compressing as criminal vendors vibe-code, fork, and clone tooling at machine speed. Technique-level detection is the layer that holds long-term to be able to proactively detect and block net-new attacks and the kits that power them. ",{"data":11154,"content":11155,"nodeType":951},{},[11156],{"data":11157,"marks":11158,"value":11159,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Novel attack techniques still require human creativity to discover, and detections built around how those techniques work can survive infrastructure rotation, tool proliferation, and kit fragmentation. Defending that layer requires a vantage point inside the browser session and a research pipeline fast enough to stay ahead of the accelerating path from discovery to industrialization.",{"data":11161,"content":11162,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":11164,"content":11165,"nodeType":951},{},[11166],{"data":11167,"marks":11168,"value":1772,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":11170,"content":11171,"nodeType":951},{},[11172],{"data":11173,"marks":11174,"value":1779,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":11176,"content":11177,"nodeType":951},{},[11178,11181,11189],{"data":11179,"marks":11180,"value":21,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":11182,"content":11183,"nodeType":973},{"uri":1790},[11184],{"data":11185,"marks":11186,"value":11188,"nodeType":502},{},[11187],{"type":1545},"Book a live demo",{"data":11190,"marks":11191,"value":2811,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The Pyramid of Pain in the AI era: Why technique-level detection matters more than ever","AI is accelerating the collapse of indicator-based threat detection. Here's why you need technique-level detection to stay ahead.","2026-06-01T00:00:00.000Z","the-pyramid-of-pain-in-the-ai-era",{"items":11197},[11198,11200],{"sys":11199,"name":7395},{"id":7394},{"sys":11201,"name":7391},{"id":7390},{"items":11203},[11204],{"fullName":2829,"firstName":2830,"jobTitle":2831,"profilePicture":11205},{"url":2833},"blog/from-iocs-to-ttps-an-agentic-threat-hunting-case-study",{"json":11208},{"data":11209,"content":11210,"nodeType":947},{},[11211],{"data":11212,"content":11213,"nodeType":951},{},[11214],{"data":11215,"marks":11216,"value":11217,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Here’s how Push’s agentic detection pipeline turns intel into huntable characteristics of attacker behavior, deriving durable detections from a range of sources. In this case study, we’ll look at how we were able to raise an alert the first time a novel OAuth redirect abuse technique was observed in customer environments.",{"id":6970,"publishedAt":11219},"2026-07-31T09:20:15.969Z",{"items":11221},[11222,11224],{"sys":11223,"name":7391},{"id":7390},{"sys":11225,"name":7395},{"id":7394},"PQdrbinlPKdugjvgN31qfT9B60yhJ_BjzDrM-UlxGjw",{"id":11228,"title":11229,"authorsCollection":11230,"content":11236,"extension":1954,"faqItemsCollection":11812,"faqTitle":12445,"featured":6,"hashTags":59,"meta":12446,"metaTitle":12447,"ogImage":59,"publishedDate":12448,"relatedBlogPostsCollection":12449,"slug":15111,"stem":15112,"subtitle":59,"summary":15113,"synopsis":15124,"sys":15125,"tagsCollection":15128,"__hash__":15134},"blog/blog/the-top-10-browser-security-solutions-in-2026.json","The top 10 browser security solutions: Push Security, Island, LayerX and more",{"items":11231},[11232],{"fullName":4971,"firstName":4972,"jobTitle":942,"socialLinks":11233,"profilePicture":11235},[11234],"https://www.linkedin.com/in/alexhenshall/",{"url":4974},{"json":11237,"links":11706},{"data":11238,"content":11239,"nodeType":947},{},[11240,11247,11254,11285,11292,11300,11306,11309,11317,11360,11379,11385,11388,11396,11403,11422,11425,11433,11440,11447,11450,11458,11465,11472,11475,11483,11490,11508,11511,11519,11526,11533,11536,11544,11551,11558,11561,11569,11588,11591,11599,11606,11613,11619,11622,11630,11637,11644,11647,11655,11661,11679,11685,11691],{"data":11241,"content":11242,"nodeType":951},{},[11243],{"data":11244,"marks":11245,"value":11246,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Ask a security team where most of their tools are and it's the endpoint, network, or cloud. But ask where their users spend most of their time and it's the browser.",{"data":11248,"content":11249,"nodeType":951},{},[11250],{"data":11251,"marks":11252,"value":11253,"nodeType":502},{},[],"So we got a category: browser security. And when it comes to the best browser security tools, there's a problem. Browser security means three different things depending on who's talking: enterprise browser extensions, enterprise browsers, and remote browser isolation (RBI).",{"data":11255,"content":11256,"nodeType":951},{},[11257,11261,11269,11273,11281],{"data":11258,"marks":11259,"value":11260,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The market reflects that confusion, but the momentum is real. According to ",{"data":11262,"content":11264,"nodeType":973},{"uri":11263},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/7-things-omdias-latest-report-tells-us-about-the-secure-enterprise-browser-market",[11265],{"data":11266,"marks":11267,"value":11268,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Omdia's 2026 research",{"data":11270,"marks":11271,"value":11272,"nodeType":502},{},[],", browser security is already a top-five priority for 88% of organizations and the top priority for 26%, with 86% having meaningfully increased their browser security spending in response to emerging threats. ",{"data":11274,"content":11276,"nodeType":973},{"uri":11275},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/the-case-for-best-of-breed-browser-security",[11277],{"data":11278,"marks":11279,"value":11280,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Three browser security startups were acquired",{"data":11282,"marks":11283,"value":11284,"nodeType":502},{},[]," by major platform vendors in 2026 alone — CrowdStrike bought Seraphic, Zscaler absorbed SquareX, and Akamai announced intent to acquire LayerX.",{"data":11286,"content":11287,"nodeType":951},{},[11288],{"data":11289,"marks":11290,"value":11291,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Here's what the browser security market looks like in 2026.",{"data":11293,"content":11294,"nodeType":951},{},[11295],{"data":11296,"marks":11297,"value":11299,"nodeType":502},{},[11298],{"type":989},"The top enterprise browser solutions in 2026 include Push Security, Island, and LayerX.",{"data":11301,"content":11305,"nodeType":1086},{"target":11302},{"sys":11303},{"id":11304,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"5d35fpWpgIytQhhiABQray",[],{"data":11307,"content":11308,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":11310,"content":11311,"nodeType":1099},{},[11312],{"data":11313,"marks":11314,"value":11316,"nodeType":502},{},[11315],{"type":989},"1. Push Security – Enterprise browser extension",{"data":11318,"content":11319,"nodeType":951},{},[11320,11324,11332,11336,11344,11348,11356],{"data":11321,"marks":11322,"value":11323,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push is a browser extension, not a browser, that turns whatever browser your people already use into a detection and response platform for the security team. With no migration, no user disruption, no new browser to manage. It covers ",{"data":11325,"content":11327,"nodeType":973},{"uri":11326},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/the-top-10-security-problems-you-can-solve-in-the-browser-ranked-by-value",[11328],{"data":11329,"marks":11330,"value":11331,"nodeType":502},{},[],"four use cases from a single deployment",{"data":11333,"marks":11334,"value":11335,"nodeType":502},{},[],": detecting and stopping sophisticated browser-based attacks, AI visibility and control, identity and shadow IT security, and DLP and insider investigations. Detections are built on ",{"data":11337,"content":11339,"nodeType":973},{"uri":11338},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/how-to-avoid-the-browser-security-buyers-trap",[11340],{"data":11341,"marks":11342,"value":11343,"nodeType":502},{},[],"in-house threat research",{"data":11345,"marks":11346,"value":11347,"nodeType":502},{},[]," and operationalized by autonomous agents, so what Push catches is based on attacker techniques and behaviors rather than a blocklist. It ",{"data":11349,"content":11351,"nodeType":973},{"uri":11350},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/making-the-business-case-for-a-browser-security-solution",[11352],{"data":11353,"marks":11354,"value":11355,"nodeType":502},{},[],"deploys in minutes",{"data":11357,"marks":11358,"value":11359,"nodeType":502},{},[]," across managed and unmanaged devices.",{"data":11361,"content":11362,"nodeType":951},{},[11363,11367,11375],{"data":11364,"marks":11365,"value":11366,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push detects AiTM and device code phishing kits (",{"data":11368,"content":11369,"nodeType":973},{"uri":8651},[11370],{"data":11371,"marks":11372,"value":11374,"nodeType":502},{},[11373],{"type":1545},"75+ across Tycoon 2FA, Sneaky 2FA, Evilginx, and many others",{"data":11376,"marks":11377,"value":11378,"nodeType":502},{},[],") behaviorally by analyzing page structure and script execution — so detection survives infrastructure rotation. It catches ClickFix-style clipboard injection before the payload executes, detects stolen session tokens via marker injection when they appear in uninstrumented browsers, and monitors OAuth consent flows across 20+ authorization servers. Push is deployed across 3 million browsers worldwide and has been rolled out to 100,000 users in under one hour during normal office hours.",{"data":11380,"content":11384,"nodeType":1086},{"target":11381},{"sys":11382},{"id":11383,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"ZmRwtfBPVptxTOE6wt1Yq",[],{"data":11386,"content":11387,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":11389,"content":11390,"nodeType":1099},{},[11391],{"data":11392,"marks":11393,"value":11395,"nodeType":502},{},[11394],{"type":989},"2. Island – Enterprise browser",{"data":11397,"content":11398,"nodeType":951},{},[11399],{"data":11400,"marks":11401,"value":11402,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Island was one of the first to market in the enterprise browser category and still defines it. It replaces current browsers with a managed Chromium fork that gives IT granular control over copy-paste, screenshots, downloads, session recording, and application access — all enforced at the browser level without routing traffic through a proxy. For highly regulated environments where that degree of governance is a requirement, it's a capable platform with real enterprise traction.",{"data":11404,"content":11405,"nodeType":951},{},[11406,11410,11419],{"data":11407,"marks":11408,"value":11409,"nodeType":502},{},[],"It's a full browser replacement, with primary use cases around VDI replacement, contractor access, BYOD governance, and zero-trust network access. Most organizations plan for a ",{"data":11411,"content":11413,"nodeType":973},{"uri":11412},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/enterprise-browser-vs-browser-extension-which-should-your-security-team-choose",[11414],{"data":11415,"marks":11416,"value":11418,"nodeType":502},{},[11417],{"type":1545},"phased rollout",{"data":11420,"marks":11421,"value":3017,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":11423,"content":11424,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":11426,"content":11427,"nodeType":1099},{},[11428],{"data":11429,"marks":11430,"value":11432,"nodeType":502},{},[11431],{"type":989},"3. Prisma Browser – Enterprise browser",{"data":11434,"content":11435,"nodeType":951},{},[11436],{"data":11437,"marks":11438,"value":11439,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Formerly Talon, now Palo Alto Networks' enterprise browser and the last-mile enforcement layer of its SASE platform. Prisma Browser is a managed Chromium browser with DLP that inspects the rendered page and zero-trust access controls, designed primarily for contractor, BYOD, and remote worker populations accessing corporate apps from unmanaged devices.",{"data":11441,"content":11442,"nodeType":951},{},[11443],{"data":11444,"marks":11445,"value":11446,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Like Island, it's a browser replacement. It integrates natively with the broader Prisma Access and Cortex stack, feeding browser telemetry into Palo Alto Networks' existing correlation and response workflows.",{"data":11448,"content":11449,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":11451,"content":11452,"nodeType":1099},{},[11453],{"data":11454,"marks":11455,"value":11457,"nodeType":502},{},[11456],{"type":989},"4. Seraphic Security (CrowdStrike) – Enterprise browser extension",{"data":11459,"content":11460,"nodeType":951},{},[11461],{"data":11462,"marks":11463,"value":11464,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Seraphic works across any browser through an endpoint agent that adds enterprise security without replacing what's deployed. CrowdStrike acquired Seraphic in early 2026 to extend Falcon past the endpoint and into the browser layer, with the stated goal of correlating endpoint and browser telemetry in a single platform.",{"data":11466,"content":11467,"nodeType":951},{},[11468],{"data":11469,"marks":11470,"value":11471,"nodeType":502},{},[],"For existing CrowdStrike customers, the extension into the browser is a natural addition to the Falcon ecosystem. Cross-browser coverage remains a differentiator for mixed environments.",{"data":11473,"content":11474,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":11476,"content":11477,"nodeType":1099},{},[11478],{"data":11479,"marks":11480,"value":11482,"nodeType":502},{},[11481],{"type":989},"5. LayerX Security (Akamai) – Enterprise browser extension",{"data":11484,"content":11485,"nodeType":951},{},[11486],{"data":11487,"marks":11488,"value":11489,"nodeType":502},{},[],"LayerX is extension-based, focused on real-time DLP and AI governance which captures what happens inside AI tools, flagging sensitive data submissions, and enforcing policy, all without requiring a new browser. Low deployment friction and a growing AI visibility capability are the draw.",{"data":11491,"content":11492,"nodeType":951},{},[11493,11497,11504],{"data":11494,"marks":11495,"value":11496,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Akamai announced the intent to acquire LayerX in mid-2026 to complement its Zero Trust portfolio. For buyers evaluating LayerX as a long-term platform bet, the ",{"data":11498,"content":11499,"nodeType":973},{"uri":11275},[11500],{"data":11501,"marks":11502,"value":11503,"nodeType":502},{},[],"question is what the roadmap looks like 18 months post-close",{"data":11505,"marks":11506,"value":11507,"nodeType":502},{},[],", given Akamai's track record of absorbing acquisitions (Guardicore, Neosec, Inverse) into its broader platform.",{"data":11509,"content":11510,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":11512,"content":11513,"nodeType":1099},{},[11514],{"data":11515,"marks":11516,"value":11518,"nodeType":502},{},[11517],{"type":989},"6. SquareX (Zscaler) – Enterprise browser extension",{"data":11520,"content":11521,"nodeType":951},{},[11522],{"data":11523,"marks":11524,"value":11525,"nodeType":502},{},[],"SquareX takes a detection-minded posture, inspecting files and links while browsing, neutralizing malicious content before it reaches the endpoint, and offering disposable browser environments for high-risk activity. It was clearly built by people who think in attacker terms.",{"data":11527,"content":11528,"nodeType":951},{},[11529],{"data":11530,"marks":11531,"value":11532,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Zscaler acquired SquareX in early 2026, integrating it into the Zero Trust Exchange alongside its existing SSE capabilities.",{"data":11534,"content":11535,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":11537,"content":11538,"nodeType":1099},{},[11539],{"data":11540,"marks":11541,"value":11543,"nodeType":502},{},[11542],{"type":989},"7. Keep Aware – Enterprise browser extension",{"data":11545,"content":11546,"nodeType":951},{},[11547],{"data":11548,"marks":11549,"value":11550,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Keep Aware is an agentless extension built with security operations in mind. It's quick to deploy through MDM or group policy, and focused on surfacing browser threats, extension risk, and AI usage into existing SOC workflows. Detection and response is the throughline, with SIEM integration as a core part of the offering.",{"data":11552,"content":11553,"nodeType":951},{},[11554],{"data":11555,"marks":11556,"value":11557,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Founded in 2022, Keep Aware has been iterating quickly with a focused product roadmap around browser detection and response.",{"data":11559,"content":11560,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":11562,"content":11563,"nodeType":1099},{},[11564],{"data":11565,"marks":11566,"value":11568,"nodeType":502},{},[11567],{"type":989},"8. Menlo Security – Remote browser isolation",{"data":11570,"content":11571,"nodeType":951},{},[11572,11576,11584],{"data":11573,"marks":11574,"value":11575,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Menlo pioneered ",{"data":11577,"content":11579,"nodeType":973},{"uri":11578},"https://pushsecurity.com/solution/tool-replacements/remote-browser-isolation",[11580],{"data":11581,"marks":11582,"value":11583,"nodeType":502},{},[],"remote browser isolation",{"data":11585,"marks":11586,"value":11587,"nodeType":502},{},[],": web content renders in a disposable cloud container and the user receives a clean visual stream, so nothing malicious ever touches the endpoint. For zero-tolerance environments and third-party or contractor access where you don't fully trust the device, the approach has a solid track record. Cloud rendering introduces latency and the occasional site-compatibility issue, though Menlo has invested in reducing both over the years.",{"data":11589,"content":11590,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":11592,"content":11593,"nodeType":1099},{},[11594],{"data":11595,"marks":11596,"value":11598,"nodeType":502},{},[11597],{"type":989},"9. Chrome Enterprise / Edge for Business – Enterprise browser",{"data":11600,"content":11601,"nodeType":951},{},[11602],{"data":11603,"marks":11604,"value":11605,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The security controls are already built into the browsers most of your people use. Chrome Enterprise offers centralized management, Safe Browsing, and identity tool integration across the fleet; Edge for Business adds work-and-personal separation, phishing protection, and tight integration with Microsoft 365 and Defender.",{"data":11607,"content":11608,"nodeType":951},{},[11609],{"data":11610,"marks":11611,"value":11612,"nodeType":502},{},[],"These are baseline controls, and for many organizations they're effectively free with what's already deployed. Most organizations treat them as the foundation that the rest of the tools on this list build on.",{"data":11614,"content":11618,"nodeType":1086},{"target":11615},{"sys":11616},{"id":11617,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"7Gbd8bBWa19gP5DMfeeB7J",[],{"data":11620,"content":11621,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":11623,"content":11624,"nodeType":1099},{},[11625],{"data":11626,"marks":11627,"value":11629,"nodeType":502},{},[11628],{"type":989},"10. SURF Security – Enterprise browser",{"data":11631,"content":11632,"nodeType":951},{},[11633],{"data":11634,"marks":11635,"value":11636,"nodeType":502},{},[],"SURF is a Chromium-based enterprise browser built zero-trust-first, with identity-based access controls, DLP, and session security inside a fully managed environment. Centralized, policy-driven control by default is the pitch, aimed at security-first organizations that want a locked-down browser from day one.",{"data":11638,"content":11639,"nodeType":951},{},[11640],{"data":11641,"marks":11642,"value":11643,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Like Island and Prisma, it's a browser replacement, so it follows the same deployment model — plan for a migration alongside the capabilities.",{"data":11645,"content":11646,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":11648,"content":11649,"nodeType":1099},{},[11650],{"data":11651,"marks":11652,"value":11654,"nodeType":502},{},[11653],{"type":989},"Learn more about Push Security",{"data":11656,"content":11657,"nodeType":951},{},[11658],{"data":11659,"marks":11660,"value":1772,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":11662,"content":11663,"nodeType":951},{},[11664,11668,11675],{"data":11665,"marks":11666,"value":11667,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push is the best choice for organizations looking to ",{"data":11669,"content":11670,"nodeType":973},{"uri":11326},[11671],{"data":11672,"marks":11673,"value":11674,"nodeType":502},{},[],"solve the most impactful security problems in the browse",{"data":11676,"marks":11677,"value":11678,"nodeType":502},{},[],"r, with use cases including detecting and stopping advanced attacks, data loss and insider investigations, identity and shadow IT security, and AI visibility and control. ",{"data":11680,"content":11684,"nodeType":1086},{"target":11681},{"sys":11682},{"id":11683,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"4nGzT9cNG0Yid93uUCCuTt",[],{"data":11686,"content":11687,"nodeType":951},{},[11688],{"data":11689,"marks":11690,"value":1779,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":11692,"content":11693,"nodeType":951},{},[11694,11697,11703],{"data":11695,"marks":11696,"value":2799,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":11698,"content":11699,"nodeType":973},{"uri":1790},[11700],{"data":11701,"marks":11702,"value":2807,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":11704,"marks":11705,"value":2811,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"entries":11707},{"hyperlink":11708,"inline":11709,"block":11710},[],[],[11711,11742,11767,11804],{"sys":11712,"__typename":1830,"content":11713,"name":11741,"title":59},{"id":11304},{"json":11714},{"data":11715,"content":11716,"nodeType":947},{},[11717,11734],{"data":11718,"content":11719,"nodeType":951},{},[11720,11724,11731],{"data":11721,"marks":11722,"value":11723,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Enterprise browsers are also commonly referred to as Secure Enterprise Browsers (SEBs). These are functionally the same thing, but buyers looking specifically for Secure Enterprise Browsers tend to be focused more on security use-cases (protecting users, and by extension business, from external threats). But all enterprise browsers tend to cover security use cases to a ",{"data":11725,"content":11726,"nodeType":973},{"uri":11326},[11727],{"data":11728,"marks":11729,"value":11730,"nodeType":502},{},[],"lesser or greater degree",{"data":11732,"marks":11733,"value":1864,"nodeType":502},{},[],{"data":11735,"content":11736,"nodeType":951},{},[11737],{"data":11738,"marks":11739,"value":11740,"nodeType":502},{},[],"So, this list applies to Secure Enterprise Browsers too. ","Top 10 browser solutions IB3",{"sys":11743,"__typename":1830,"content":11744,"name":11766,"title":59},{"id":11383},{"json":11745},{"data":11746,"content":11747,"nodeType":947},{},[11748],{"data":11749,"content":11750,"nodeType":951},{},[11751,11755,11763],{"data":11752,"marks":11753,"value":11754,"nodeType":502},{},[],"In a 30-day proof-of-value deployment at a ~4,500-employee financial services organization with a mature existing security stack, Push detected and blocked 6 ClickFix attacks and 10 AiTM phishing attempts — none of which were visible to any other tool in place. ",{"data":11756,"content":11758,"nodeType":973},{"uri":11757},"https://pushsecurity.com/customer-stories",[11759],{"data":11760,"marks":11761,"value":11762,"nodeType":502},{},[],"You can read more customer stories here",{"data":11764,"marks":11765,"value":1864,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Top 10 browser solutions IB1",{"sys":11768,"__typename":1830,"content":11769,"name":11803,"title":59},{"id":11617},{"json":11770},{"nodeType":947,"data":11771,"content":11772},{},[11773],{"nodeType":951,"data":11774,"content":11775},{},[11776,11779,11787,11791,11799],{"nodeType":502,"value":3812,"marks":11777,"data":11778},[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":11780,"content":11781},{"uri":11263},[11782],{"nodeType":502,"value":11783,"marks":11784,"data":11786},"Omdia",[11785],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":11788,"marks":11789,"data":11790},", 86% of organizations have meaningfully increased browser security investment in response to emerging threats — 85% expect to spend more over the next 12–24 months. The built-in controls in Chrome and Edge are a foundation, but they're ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":11792,"content":11793},{"uri":11350},[11794],{"nodeType":502,"value":11795,"marks":11796,"data":11798},"insufficient against the current threat landscape",[11797],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":11800,"marks":11801,"data":11802}," on their own.",[],{},"Top 10 browser solutions IB2",{"sys":11805,"__typename":1814,"title":11806,"caption":11807,"layoutMode":59,"file":11808},{"id":11683},"Comparing ease of deployment x security value for browser security solutions","Comparing ease of deployment x security value for browser security solutions.",{"url":11809,"width":11810,"height":11811},"https://images.ctfassets.net/y1cdw1ablpvd/4z1RAFROesqaBF4H3qR8yu/1e21a68602402773bfa843fd0208d4ca/Screenshot_2026-07-27_at_10.36.43.png",1408,952,{"items":11813},[11814,11838,11875,11898,11929,11956,12090,12125,12183,12286,12310,12362,12414],{"answer":11815,"question":11837},{"json":11816},{"nodeType":947,"data":11817,"content":11818},{},[11819],{"nodeType":951,"data":11820,"content":11821},{},[11822,11826,11833],{"nodeType":502,"value":11823,"marks":11824,"data":11825},"Browser security refers to the tools and practices that protect users, data, and organizations from threats that originate inside the web browser. The browser is where modern work happens: employees access SaaS applications, interact with AI tools, and handle sensitive data — which makes it ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":11827,"content":11828},{"uri":11326},[11829],{"nodeType":502,"value":11830,"marks":11831,"data":11832},"the most targeted attack surface in the enterprise",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":11834,"marks":11835,"data":11836},". When people discuss browser security solutions, they usually mean secure enterprise browser (SEB) extensions or full-stack enterprise browsers. Remote browser isolation (RBI) is a third category that is not really comparable to the other two, but comes up through virtue of sounding similar. ",[],{},"What is browser security?",{"answer":11839,"question":11874},{"json":11840},{"nodeType":947,"data":11841,"content":11842},{},[11843,11850,11857],{"nodeType":951,"data":11844,"content":11845},{},[11846],{"nodeType":502,"value":11847,"marks":11848,"data":11849},"An enterprise browser extension deploys into whatever browser your users already have and adds security capabilities without changing the user experience or requiring a migration. An enterprise browser replaces the existing browser entirely with a managed application that embeds security controls at the browser level.",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":11851,"content":11852},{},[11853],{"nodeType":502,"value":11854,"marks":11855,"data":11856},"Extensions offer faster deployment with no migration required and are typically built for the security team's need to detect and respond to threats — Gartner explicitly notes that extensions have become the preferred deployment option in the category. Full-stack enterprise browsers offer deeper workspace controls (copy/paste restrictions, watermarking, VDI replacement) and are typically built for the IT team's need to govern access. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":11858,"content":11859},{},[11860,11864,11871],{"nodeType":502,"value":11861,"marks":11862,"data":11863},"The two are not mutually exclusive — many organizations use an enterprise browser for contractors or regulated populations and an extension like Push across the rest of the workforce. We cover this in detail in ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":11865,"content":11866},{"uri":11412},[11867],{"nodeType":502,"value":11868,"marks":11869,"data":11870},"Enterprise browser vs. browser extension: Which should your security team choose?",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":21,"marks":11872,"data":11873},[],{},"What is the difference between an enterprise browser extension and an enterprise browser?",{"answer":11876,"question":11897},{"json":11877},{"nodeType":947,"data":11878,"content":11879},{},[11880],{"nodeType":951,"data":11881,"content":11882},{},[11883,11887,11893],{"nodeType":502,"value":11884,"marks":11885,"data":11886},"No. enterprise browser extensions like Push Security, Seraphic (CrowdStrike), LayerX (Akamai), SquareX (Zscaler), and Keep Aware deploy into existing browsers without requiring users to switch. Enterprise browsers like Island, Prisma Browser, and SURF do require browser replacement. According to ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":11888,"content":11889},{"uri":11263},[11890],{"nodeType":502,"value":11268,"marks":11891,"data":11892},[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":11894,"marks":11895,"data":11896},", 48% of organizations cite the ability to use their existing browsers as an important attribute in a secure browsing solution, and 80% expect to use browser security alongside existing tools rather than as a replacement.",[],{},"Do I need to replace my browser to use an enterprise browser?",{"answer":11899,"question":11928},{"json":11900},{"nodeType":947,"data":11901,"content":11902},{},[11903,11910],{"nodeType":951,"data":11904,"content":11905},{},[11906],{"nodeType":502,"value":11907,"marks":11908,"data":11909},"CrowdStrike, Zscaler, and Akamai all acquired browser security startups in 2026. This is significant validation of the the browser security market that the browser is a gap that network and endpoint security vendors have acknowledged and are attempting to close. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":11911,"content":11912},{},[11913,11917,11925],{"nodeType":502,"value":11914,"marks":11915,"data":11916},"But whether acquired products retain their innovation velocity as they're absorbed into larger platforms is a ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":11918,"content":11919},{"uri":11275},[11920],{"nodeType":502,"value":11921,"marks":11922,"data":11924},"legitimate concern for buyers evaluating long-term roadmaps",[11923],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":3017,"marks":11926,"data":11927},[],{},"What do browser security vendor acquisitions mean for buyers?",{"answer":11930,"question":11955},{"json":11931},{"nodeType":947,"data":11932,"content":11933},{},[11934],{"nodeType":951,"data":11935,"content":11936},{},[11937,11941,11951],{"nodeType":502,"value":11938,"marks":11939,"data":11940},"Yes, but it depends on the approach and vendor. According to",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":11942,"content":11943},{"uri":11263},[11944,11947],{"nodeType":502,"value":1261,"marks":11945,"data":11946},[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":11783,"marks":11948,"data":11950},[11949],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":11952,"marks":11953,"data":11954},", 32% of users access corporate applications from an unmanaged device at least occasionally. Enterprise browsers can be installed on unmanaged devices, but require the user to download and switch to a new browser application. Enterprise browser extensions like Push can be deployed to contractor and BYOD machines without MDM — via email or landing page self-enrollment — providing threat detection and policy enforcement without browser replacement or device management overhead.",[],{},"Can browser security be deployed to unmanaged or BYOD devices?",{"answer":11957,"question":12089},{"json":11958},{"nodeType":947,"data":11959,"content":11960},{},[11961,12028,12046],{"nodeType":951,"data":11962,"content":11963},{},[11964,11968,11977,11980,11989,11992,12001,12004,12013,12017,12024],{"nodeType":502,"value":11965,"marks":11966,"data":11967},"The most common attacks include ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":11969,"content":11971},{"uri":11970},"https://pushsecurity.com/solution/stop-browser-based-attacks/adversary-in-the-middle-attacks",[11972],{"nodeType":502,"value":11973,"marks":11974,"data":11976},"AiTM phishing",[11975],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":3824,"marks":11978,"data":11979},[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":11981,"content":11983},{"uri":11982},"https://pushsecurity.com/solution/stop-browser-based-attacks/clickfix-fix-variants",[11984],{"nodeType":502,"value":11985,"marks":11986,"data":11988},"ClickFix-style social engineering",[11987],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":3824,"marks":11990,"data":11991},[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":11993,"content":11995},{"uri":11994},"https://pushsecurity.com/solution/stop-browser-based-attacks/malicious-browser-extensions",[11996],{"nodeType":502,"value":11997,"marks":11998,"data":12000},"malicious browser extensions",[11999],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":2323,"marks":12002,"data":12003},[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":12005,"content":12007},{"uri":12006},"https://pushsecurity.com/solution/stop-browser-based-attacks/malicious-oauth-integrations",[12008],{"nodeType":502,"value":12009,"marks":12010,"data":12012},"malicious OAuth consent grants",[12011],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":12014,"marks":12015,"data":12016},". In 2026, ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":12018,"content":12019},{"uri":5233},[12020],{"nodeType":502,"value":5236,"marks":12021,"data":12023},[12022],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":12025,"marks":12026,"data":12027}," has become a core part of the attacker’s arsenal too, with 25+ unique attacker kits now offering the technique. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":12029,"content":12030},{},[12031,12035,12042],{"nodeType":502,"value":12032,"marks":12033,"data":12034},"Among browser-based attack victims surveyed by ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":12036,"content":12037},{"uri":11263},[12038],{"nodeType":502,"value":11783,"marks":12039,"data":12041},[12040],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":12043,"marks":12044,"data":12045},", phishing was the most common attack type (40%), followed by data loss or leakage (38%), malicious browser extensions (34%), and credential theft (28%). ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":12047,"content":12048},{},[12049,12053,12085],{"nodeType":502,"value":12050,"marks":12051,"data":12052},"It's worth noting the distinction between",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":12054,"content":12056},{"uri":12055},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/why-modern-browser-attacks-evade-edr",[12057,12060,12065,12070,12075,12081],{"nodeType":502,"value":1261,"marks":12058,"data":12059},[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":12061,"marks":12062,"data":12064},"attacks ",[12063],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":8016,"marks":12066,"data":12069},[12067,12068],{"type":1545},{"type":2337},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":12071,"marks":12072,"data":12074}," the browser and attacks ",[12073],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":12076,"marks":12077,"data":12080},"inside",[12078,12079],{"type":1545},{"type":2337},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":8021,"marks":12082,"data":12084},[12083],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":12086,"marks":12087,"data":12088},". A number of the solutions in this list were designed to stop browser exploitation and prevent sandbox escapes. But the vast majority of the attacks in the wild are identity based — they happen in the browser, not on it. ",[],{},"What are the most common browser-based attacks in 2026?",{"answer":12091,"question":12124},{"json":12092},{"nodeType":947,"data":12093,"content":12094},{},[12095,12102],{"nodeType":951,"data":12096,"content":12097},{},[12098],{"nodeType":502,"value":12099,"marks":12100,"data":12101},"EDR monitors the operating system layer — processes, file system activity, registry changes, memory behavior. Browser security operates inside the browser session — observing the rendered page, credential entry, session tokens, and user interaction. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":12103,"content":12104},{},[12105,12109,12120],{"nodeType":502,"value":12106,"marks":12107,"data":12108},"The two are complementary:",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":12110,"content":12111},{"uri":12055},[12112,12115],{"nodeType":502,"value":1261,"marks":12113,"data":12114},[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":12116,"marks":12117,"data":12119},"EDR catches malware execution and endpoint-level attacks, while browser security catches credential phishing, session hijacking, OAuth consent abuse, and browser-native social engineering",[12118],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":12121,"marks":12122,"data":12123}," like ClickFix that never touch the endpoint in ways EDR can observe. CrowdStrike's acquisition of Seraphic in 2026 reflects the industry recognition that endpoint and browser are separate detection layers that both need to be instrumented.",[],{},"Do I need browser security if I already have EDR?",{"answer":12126,"question":12182},{"json":12127},{"nodeType":947,"data":12128,"content":12129},{},[12130,12137,12164],{"nodeType":951,"data":12131,"content":12132},{},[12133],{"nodeType":502,"value":12134,"marks":12135,"data":12136},"Yes, but the effectiveness depends on the tool and its detection approach. AiTM phishing kits relay credentials and MFA tokens in real time, so most forms of MFA are bypassed. Browser security tools with behavioral detection — analyzing page structure, script behavior, and credential-harvesting mechanics — can detect phishing kits regardless of which domain they're hosted on or how quickly the infrastructure rotates. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":12138,"content":12139},{},[12140,12144,12150,12154,12160],{"nodeType":502,"value":12141,"marks":12142,"data":12143},"Tools that rely primarily on URL blocklists or reputation scores are less effective because ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":12145,"content":12146},{"uri":2857},[12147],{"nodeType":502,"value":10507,"marks":12148,"data":12149},[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":12151,"marks":12152,"data":12153},". It's also worth noting that not all MFA-bypass phishing works the same way. ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":12155,"content":12156},{"uri":5233},[12157],{"nodeType":502,"value":10768,"marks":12158,"data":12159},[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":12161,"marks":12162,"data":12163}," sidesteps authentication entirely — the user authorizes a device on a legitimate identity provider page, and the attacker receives a valid token without ever touching the credential exchange. ",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":12165,"content":12166},{},[12167,12170,12178],{"nodeType":502,"value":21,"marks":12168,"data":12169},[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":12171,"content":12172},{"uri":8651},[12173],{"nodeType":502,"value":12174,"marks":12175,"data":12177},"With attacks evolving so quickly, telemetry isn't enough on its own",[12176],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":12179,"marks":12180,"data":12181}," — the vendor needs dedicated threat research expertise to turn that visibility into detections that keep pace with attacker innovation. 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Browser security tools can discover which AI tools are in use (including shadow AI), monitor what data users share with them, observe OAuth consent flows for AI agent permissions, and block access to unsanctioned AI applications. According to ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":12334,"content":12335},{"uri":11263},[12336],{"nodeType":502,"value":11783,"marks":12337,"data":12338},[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":12340,"marks":12341,"data":12342},", generative AI application security was the #1 capability organizations want from a secure browsing solution at 59%, ahead of data loss prevention and general web security. ",[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":12344,"content":12345},{"uri":2869},[12346],{"nodeType":502,"value":12347,"marks":12348,"data":12350},"Push data shows the average organization has 16 unique AI apps, 17 AI browser extensions, and 17 AI OAuth integrations",[12349],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":12352,"marks":12353,"data":12354}," in active use — most unapproved (or simply not known about).",[],{},{"nodeType":951,"data":12356,"content":12357},{},[12358],{"nodeType":502,"value":6330,"marks":12359,"data":12360},[],{},"How does browser security help with AI governance?",{"answer":12363,"question":12413},{"json":12364},{"nodeType":947,"data":12365,"content":12366},{},[12367,12407],{"nodeType":951,"data":12368,"content":12369},{},[12370,12373,12382,12385,12393,12397,12404],{"nodeType":502,"value":21,"marks":12371,"data":12372},[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":12374,"content":12376},{"uri":12375},"https://pushsecurity.com/solution/tool-replacements/secure-web-gateways",[12377],{"nodeType":502,"value":12378,"marks":12379,"data":12381},"SWGs",[12380],{"type":1545},{},{"nodeType":502,"value":992,"marks":12383,"data":12384},[],{},{"nodeType":973,"data":12386,"content":12388},{"uri":12387},"https://pushsecurity.com/solution/tool-replacements/cloud-access-security-broker",[12389],{"nodeType":502,"value":12390,"marks":12391,"data":12392},"CASBs",[],{},{"nodeType":502,"value":12394,"marks":12395,"data":12396}," operate at the network/proxy layer, inspecting traffic metadata and URLs. 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The architecture is designed to scramble the browser’s JavaScript runtime and prevent exploits from detonating and breaking out of the browser sandbox. This is browser hardening: defending the browser as software against exploitation by attackers who want to compromise the underlying device.",{"data":14393,"content":14394,"nodeType":951},{},[14395,14400],{"data":14396,"marks":14397,"value":14399,"nodeType":502},{},[14398],{"type":989},"The second camp:",{"data":14401,"marks":14402,"value":14403,"nodeType":502},{},[]," and the one Push Security occupies uniquely, focuses on what happens inside the browser when a user is working normally. Phishing pages harvesting credentials. Session tokens being stolen. Malicious OAuth applications being granted access through social engineering. Adversary-in-the-middle proxies intercepting authentication flows. These attacks don't exploit the browser. They exploit the human — and now agents — using it via the browser's legitimate capabilities (think of it as LOTL, browser edition).",{"data":14405,"content":14408,"nodeType":1086},{"target":14406},{"sys":14407},{"id":7553,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},[],{"data":14410,"content":14411,"nodeType":951},{},[14412],{"data":14413,"marks":14414,"value":14415,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The question for any security team evaluating this space: which of these threat models presents the greatest risks to my organization?",{"data":14417,"content":14418,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":14420,"content":14421,"nodeType":1099},{},[14422],{"data":14423,"marks":14424,"value":14426,"nodeType":502},{},[14425],{"type":989},"How organizations are actually being breached",{"data":14428,"content":14429,"nodeType":951},{},[14430],{"data":14431,"marks":14432,"value":14433,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Let's look at the major breach campaigns of the last three years without the marketing filter and a pattern emerges immediately. Scattered Spider and its successors breached MGM Resorts, Caesars, M&S, JLR, and Salesforce customers — not through browser exploits, but through social engineering, phishing and Adversary-in-the-Middle attacks that stole session tokens and SSO credentials. ",{"data":14435,"content":14439,"nodeType":1086},{"target":14436},{"sys":14437},{"id":14438,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"2qIMTiyyIsQFAyGJ9Ikyej",[],{"data":14441,"content":14442,"nodeType":951},{},[14443],{"data":14444,"marks":14445,"value":14446,"nodeType":502},{},[],"In every case, the attack happened in the browser — using stolen identities to log into legitimate cloud services — not on the browser through exploitation of the browser engine itself.",{"data":14448,"content":14449,"nodeType":951},{},[14450],{"data":14451,"marks":14452,"value":14453,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The data from major threat intelligence sources is unambiguous:",{"data":14455,"content":14456,"nodeType":1031},{},[14457,14476,14495,14514,14533,14548],{"data":14458,"content":14459,"nodeType":1035},{},[14460],{"data":14461,"content":14462,"nodeType":951},{},[14463,14467,14472],{"data":14464,"marks":14465,"value":14466,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Identity weaknesses played a material role in ",{"data":14468,"marks":14469,"value":14471,"nodeType":502},{},[14470],{"type":989},"almost 90% of Unit 42 incident response investigations",{"data":14473,"marks":14474,"value":14475,"nodeType":502},{},[]," (Palo Alto Networks Unit 42 IR Report)",{"data":14477,"content":14478,"nodeType":1035},{},[14479],{"data":14480,"content":14481,"nodeType":951},{},[14482,14486,14491],{"data":14483,"marks":14484,"value":14485,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Credential abuse and phishing combined accounted for ",{"data":14487,"marks":14488,"value":14490,"nodeType":502},{},[14489],{"type":989},"38% of all breaches",{"data":14492,"marks":14493,"value":14494,"nodeType":502},{},[],", making identity the single largest breach vector (Verizon DBIR 2025)",{"data":14496,"content":14497,"nodeType":1035},{},[14498],{"data":14499,"content":14500,"nodeType":951},{},[14501,14505,14510],{"data":14502,"marks":14503,"value":14504,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Cloud-conscious intrusions — attackers using stolen identities to access cloud services — rose ",{"data":14506,"marks":14507,"value":14509,"nodeType":502},{},[14508],{"type":989},"37% in 2025",{"data":14511,"marks":14512,"value":14513,"nodeType":502},{},[],", up 266% among state-nexus actors (CrowdStrike 2026 Global Threat Report)",{"data":14515,"content":14516,"nodeType":1035},{},[14517],{"data":14518,"content":14519,"nodeType":951},{},[14520,14524,14529],{"data":14521,"marks":14522,"value":14523,"nodeType":502},{},[],"In cloud-related incidents, identity issues drove initial access in ",{"data":14525,"marks":14526,"value":14528,"nodeType":502},{},[14527],{"type":989},"83% of cases",{"data":14530,"marks":14531,"value":14532,"nodeType":502},{},[]," (Mandiant / Google Cloud Threat Horizons H1 2026)",{"data":14534,"content":14535,"nodeType":1035},{},[14536],{"data":14537,"content":14538,"nodeType":951},{},[14539,14544],{"data":14540,"marks":14541,"value":14543,"nodeType":502},{},[14542],{"type":989},"82% of attack detections are now malware-free",{"data":14545,"marks":14546,"value":14547,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — they don't touch the endpoint and abuse legitimate access and functionality (CrowdStrike 2026 Global Threat Report)",{"data":14549,"content":14550,"nodeType":1035},{},[14551],{"data":14552,"content":14553,"nodeType":951},{},[14554,14559],{"data":14555,"marks":14556,"value":14558,"nodeType":502},{},[14557],{"type":989},"49% of organizations",{"data":14560,"marks":14561,"value":14562,"nodeType":502},{},[]," suffered a successful browser-based attack in the last 12 months (Omdia 2026)",{"data":14564,"content":14565,"nodeType":951},{},[14566],{"data":14567,"marks":14568,"value":14569,"nodeType":502},{},[],"These aren't edge cases. 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When a browser vulnerability is discovered, Google typically deploys a patch within days.",{"data":14668,"content":14672,"nodeType":1086},{"target":14669},{"sys":14670},{"id":14671,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"5XWKHTT5J06yWcgZIOL95t",[],{"data":14674,"content":14675,"nodeType":951},{},[14676],{"data":14677,"marks":14678,"value":14679,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The bottom line: browser exploits are extraordinarily expensive to develop, increasingly difficult to execute reliably against a hardened modern browser, and patched rapidly when discovered. In sharp contrast, identity attacks are cheap to run, highly scalable, and have a low technical barrier to adoption — that’s why they’re responsible for the overwhelming majority of enterprise breaches. Attackers have voted with their resources.",{"data":14681,"content":14682,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":14684,"content":14685,"nodeType":1099},{},[14686],{"data":14687,"marks":14688,"value":14690,"nodeType":502},{},[14689],{"type":989},"What you're actually buying with each vendor",{"data":14692,"content":14693,"nodeType":951},{},[14694],{"data":14695,"marks":14696,"value":14697,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Understanding the core architectural choice each vendor has made helps decode what their solution can and cannot protect you from.",{"data":14699,"content":14700,"nodeType":1402},{},[14701],{"data":14702,"marks":14703,"value":14705,"nodeType":502},{},[14704],{"type":989},"Seraphic (CrowdStrike)",{"data":14707,"content":14708,"nodeType":951},{},[14709],{"data":14710,"marks":14711,"value":14712,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Seraphic's architecture is built to inject into the browser's JavaScript runtime at the OS layer, scrambling browser internals to prevent exploits from executing. This is a technically sophisticated approach to a technically interesting problem that is, by every threat intelligence measure, not the problem causing enterprise breaches at scale.",{"data":14714,"content":14715,"nodeType":951},{},[14716],{"data":14717,"marks":14718,"value":14719,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Beyond the threat model mismatch, there are structural concerns with the approach itself. Injecting an agent into the browser's JS runtime is a technique with well-documented stability consequences. This is the same approach antivirus vendors have used for years, often at the cost of system stability. Seraphic now runs alongside the CrowdStrike Falcon sensor on managed devices, combining two heavyweight agents on the same machine. For any organization with CrowdStrike already deployed, the question isn't theoretical: how has that combination been validated in production environments?",{"data":14721,"content":14722,"nodeType":951},{},[14723,14727,14734,14738,14747],{"data":14724,"marks":14725,"value":14726,"nodeType":502},{},[],"There's also the managed-device limitation. Seraphic requires a kernel-level agent, which means it loses meaningful capability on unmanaged devices, BYOD machines, and contractor endpoints. This is not a niche concern: according to ",{"data":14728,"content":14729,"nodeType":973},{"uri":2652},[14730],{"data":14731,"marks":14732,"value":14733,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Omdia's 2026 browser security survey",{"data":14735,"marks":14736,"value":14737,"nodeType":502},{},[],", 32% of users access corporate applications from unmanaged devices at least occasionally. Agent-based solutions are blind to nearly a third of your actual attack surface by design. The Okta breach began on a support engineer's personal device, where ",{"data":14739,"content":14741,"nodeType":973},{"uri":14740},"https://pushsecurity.com/blog/browser-sync-attacks-where-personal-account-hacks-lead-to-corporate-breaches/",[14742],{"data":14743,"marks":14744,"value":14746,"nodeType":502},{},[14745],{"type":1545},"corporate credentials had synced",{"data":14748,"marks":14749,"value":14750,"nodeType":502},{},[]," via Chrome's built-in profile sync. No agent, no visibility.",{"data":14752,"content":14753,"nodeType":951},{},[14754],{"data":14755,"marks":14756,"value":14757,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Teams evaluating Seraphic today are also buying into an integration roadmap, not a shipped capability. The acquisition by CrowdStrike closed in early 2026. The work of wiring browser telemetry into Falcon Fusion and correlating it with endpoint signals is currently a promise, not a production feature.",{"data":14759,"content":14760,"nodeType":1402},{},[14761],{"data":14762,"marks":14763,"value":14765,"nodeType":502},{},[14764],{"type":989},"SquareX (Zscaler)",{"data":14767,"content":14768,"nodeType":951},{},[14769],{"data":14770,"marks":14771,"value":14772,"nodeType":502},{},[],"SquareX's core capability is sandboxing suspicious file downloads inside disposable browser containers before they reach the endpoint. This is a legitimate approach to a real but declining problem. 82% of attack detections are now malware-free (CrowdStrike 2026 Global Threat Report) — attacks don't arrive as files to be sandboxed, they arrive as authenticated sessions. And the delivery channel shift makes the picture even starker: across Push's customer base, 1 in 3 phishing payloads are now delivered outside of email entirely — via social media, ads, and messaging platforms — and 4 in 5 ClickFix payloads arrive through search engines, not email. The threat that SquareX was architecturally designed to address is a shrinking share of the actual attack surface, and it's shrinking fast.",{"data":14774,"content":14775,"nodeType":951},{},[14776],{"data":14777,"marks":14778,"value":14779,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Zscaler already has sandboxing built into ZIA. For an existing Zscaler customer evaluating SquareX, the honest question is: what does this add beyond some extension analysis capability and what you already have? The AiTM phishing campaign that stole your user's credentials and accessed your cloud applications generates no malicious file, triggers no sandbox, and produces no network signal for Zscaler's traffic inspection to catch — because it happened entirely inside a browser session using legitimate authentication flows.",{"data":14781,"content":14782,"nodeType":951},{},[14783],{"data":14784,"marks":14785,"value":14786,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The acquisition also raises product focus questions. Being absorbed into a network-centric platform means SquareX is now optimized for Zscaler's priorities, not for standalone browser detection and response. Teams that care about investigation, threat hunting, and incident response should ask specifically what SquareX adds in those workflows under Zscaler ownership.",{"data":14788,"content":14789,"nodeType":1402},{},[14790],{"data":14791,"marks":14792,"value":14794,"nodeType":502},{},[14793],{"type":989},"LayerX",{"data":14796,"content":14797,"nodeType":951},{},[14798],{"data":14799,"marks":14800,"value":14801,"nodeType":502},{},[],"LayerX is primarily a policy enforcement and risk scoring platform focused on internal governance — controlling which applications employees access, what data moves through the browser, and whether behavior complies with internal rules.",{"data":14803,"content":14804,"nodeType":951},{},[14805],{"data":14806,"marks":14807,"value":14808,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push Security covers that ground too. Push provides full visibility over AI tool usage, shadow SaaS, unmanaged identities, and data loss vectors — including sensitive data submitted through AI prompts, file uploads to personal cloud destinations, and OAuth grants to third-party applications. The same browser telemetry that detects external attacks also surfaces insider risks and powers DLP controls and compliance audit evidence, all from a single extension.",{"data":14810,"content":14811,"nodeType":951},{},[14812],{"data":14813,"marks":14814,"value":14815,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The critical difference is that Push goes significantly further. Where LayerX scores risk and enforces policy, Push detects active external attack techniques in real time: AiTM phishing kits as they execute, session tokens being stolen, ClickFix lures through behavioral analysis of page structure. These are the attacks causing the most damaging breaches today, and they don't surface on a risk score until after the damage is done. Push addresses both the governance problem and the external threat problem from the same platform. LayerX addresses only the first.",{"data":14817,"content":14818,"nodeType":1095},{},[],{"data":14820,"content":14821,"nodeType":1099},{},[14822],{"data":14823,"marks":14824,"value":14826,"nodeType":502},{},[14825],{"type":989},"Securing the organization via the browser: Push Security",{"data":14828,"content":14829,"nodeType":951},{},[14830,14835],{"data":14831,"marks":14832,"value":14834,"nodeType":502},{},[14833],{"type":989},"Push Security is built on a different architectural premise:",{"data":14836,"marks":14837,"value":14838,"nodeType":502},{},[]," the browser is not primarily a piece of software to harden against exploitation. It is the primary workplace, the primary SaaS access point, and the arena where the majority of modern identity attacks play out. The goal is to secure the organization via the browser — not just to secure the browser itself.",{"data":14840,"content":14841,"nodeType":951},{},[14842],{"data":14843,"marks":14844,"value":14845,"nodeType":502},{},[],"This means Push's detection surface is built around the attacks that are actually causing breaches: adversary-in-the-middle phishing, ClickFix and its many variants, credential stuffing against shadow identities, session token theft and replay, OAuth consent abuse, and the full spectrum of identity-based initial access techniques that dominate the modern threat landscape.",{"data":14847,"content":14848,"nodeType":951},{},[14849],{"data":14850,"marks":14851,"value":14852,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The deployment model reflects the threat model. Push deploys as a lightweight browser extension — no kernel-level agent, no device dependency, no migration to a new browser. It works on managed and unmanaged devices, across every traditional, enterprise and AI browser where employees are doing work and attackers are targeting them. The operational overhead is minimal by design: Push has been deployed to 100,000 users in under one hour during normal business hours.",{"data":14854,"content":14855,"nodeType":1402},{},[14856],{"data":14857,"marks":14858,"value":14860,"nodeType":502},{},[14859],{"type":989},"Detection philosophy: targeting what attackers can't change",{"data":14862,"content":14863,"nodeType":951},{},[14864],{"data":14865,"marks":14866,"value":14867,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push's detection approach targets attacker TTPs rather than indicators of compromise that attackers can rotate in minutes. 95% of attacks detected by Push used some form of bot protection service — meaning the specific domain and IP were deliberately obscured. If your primary detection relies on blocklists, recent reports tell us that 89% of phishing domains will evade you: because they're active for less than two days, they can be spun up, down, and replaced faster than blocklists can keep up.",{"data":14869,"content":14870,"nodeType":951},{},[14871],{"data":14872,"marks":14873,"value":14874,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Behavioral detection of the attack technique — the AiTM relay structure, the credential entry on a cloned login page, the anomalous session context — remains valid regardless of what domain the attack is hosted on or which PhaaS kit was used to build it.",{"data":14876,"content":14877,"nodeType":1402},{},[14878],{"data":14879,"marks":14880,"value":14882,"nodeType":502},{},[14881],{"type":989},"Measuring the identity attack surface (it's bigger than you realize)",{"data":14884,"content":14885,"nodeType":951},{},[14886],{"data":14887,"marks":14888,"value":14889,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Because Push has visibility into actual login behavior across thousands of organizations, it can quantify the attack surface that identity-based attacks exploit. Of the last million logins observed by Push:",{"data":14891,"content":14892,"nodeType":1031},{},[14893,14908,14923,14938],{"data":14894,"content":14895,"nodeType":1035},{},[14896],{"data":14897,"content":14898,"nodeType":951},{},[14899,14904],{"data":14900,"marks":14901,"value":14903,"nodeType":502},{},[14902],{"type":989},"15 corporate identities were identified per employee",{"data":14905,"marks":14906,"value":14907,"nodeType":502},{},[]," used to access cloud apps",{"data":14909,"content":14910,"nodeType":1035},{},[14911],{"data":14912,"content":14913,"nodeType":951},{},[14914,14919],{"data":14915,"marks":14916,"value":14918,"nodeType":502},{},[14917],{"type":989},"1 in 4",{"data":14920,"marks":14921,"value":14922,"nodeType":502},{},[]," were password logins, not SSO",{"data":14924,"content":14925,"nodeType":1035},{},[14926],{"data":14927,"content":14928,"nodeType":951},{},[14929,14934],{"data":14930,"marks":14931,"value":14933,"nodeType":502},{},[14932],{"type":989},"2 in 5",{"data":14935,"marks":14936,"value":14937,"nodeType":502},{},[]," were not protected by MFA",{"data":14939,"content":14940,"nodeType":1035},{},[14941],{"data":14942,"content":14943,"nodeType":951},{},[14944,14949],{"data":14945,"marks":14946,"value":14948,"nodeType":502},{},[14947],{"type":989},"1 in 5",{"data":14950,"marks":14951,"value":14952,"nodeType":502},{},[]," used a weak, breached, or reused password",{"data":14954,"content":14955,"nodeType":951},{},[14956,14960,14965],{"data":14957,"marks":14958,"value":14959,"nodeType":502},{},[],"And it's not just login hygiene. Across Push's customer base, ",{"data":14961,"marks":14962,"value":14964,"nodeType":502},{},[14963],{"type":989},"46%+ of browser extensions in corporate environments have the permission combinations required for direct account takeover via session theft if they are malicious or compromised by an attacker",{"data":14966,"marks":14967,"value":14968,"nodeType":502},{},[],". Most organizations have no inventory of what's running in their employees' browsers, let alone visibility into what those extensions can access.",{"data":14970,"content":14971,"nodeType":951},{},[14972,14976,14983],{"data":14973,"marks":14974,"value":14975,"nodeType":502},{},[],"These aren't theoretical vulnerabilities. They're the specific weaknesses that browser-native identity attacks are designed to exploit. ",{"data":14977,"content":14978,"nodeType":973},{"uri":3303},[14979],{"data":14980,"marks":14981,"value":14982,"nodeType":502},{},[],"This visibility turns browser security from a reactive posture into a proactive one",{"data":14984,"marks":14985,"value":14986,"nodeType":502},{},[]," — you can see and remediate the identity weaknesses before an attacker exploits them, not just detect the attack while it's in progress.",{"data":14988,"content":14989,"nodeType":1402},{},[14990],{"data":14991,"marks":14992,"value":14994,"nodeType":502},{},[14993],{"type":989},"The ROI case",{"data":14996,"content":14997,"nodeType":951},{},[14998],{"data":14999,"marks":15000,"value":15001,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The ROI question for any security investment is: what quantum of real risk does this tool address, at what cost in money and operational friction?",{"data":15003,"content":15004,"nodeType":951},{},[15005],{"data":15006,"marks":15007,"value":15009,"nodeType":502},{},[15008],{"type":989},"That calculation looks very different depending on your threat model.",{"data":15011,"content":15012,"nodeType":951},{},[15013],{"data":15014,"marks":15015,"value":15016,"nodeType":502},{},[],"A solution focused on browser engine exploits and sandbox escapes is defending against an attack category that represents a tiny fraction of actual enterprise breaches, requires extraordinary attacker resources to execute, and is increasingly mitigated by browser vendors themselves through hardening and rapid patching. Chrome's automatic update cycle means that even when a browser vulnerability is discovered and disclosed, it is typically in front of users as a patch within days. The defenders here are Google, Mozilla, and Microsoft — with multi-billion dollar security teams and full access to the browser internals.",{"data":15018,"content":15019,"nodeType":951},{},[15020],{"data":15021,"marks":15022,"value":15023,"nodeType":502},{},[],"A solution focused on identity attacks via the browser — phishing, credential theft, session hijacking, OAuth abuse, malicious browser extensions — is defending against the primary cause of enterprise breaches, one that is accelerating (cloud-conscious intrusions up 37% in 2025, browser-based attacks increasing at 68% of organizations over the past two years per Omdia) and increasingly automated through PhaaS infrastructure that gives low-skill attackers enterprise-grade capability for $1,000 a year.",{"data":15025,"content":15026,"nodeType":951},{},[15027],{"data":15028,"marks":15029,"value":15030,"nodeType":502},{},[],"There's also a forward-looking dimension. The threat landscape isn't moving toward more browser exploitation. It's moving further into identity abuse. AI-powered phishing lowers the social engineering barrier. Agentic browsers will automate credential stuffing and account takeover at a scale that wasn't previously possible. And attackers are already adapting to authentication improvements: device code phishing has increased 37x since the start of 2026, a technique specifically designed to circumvent passkeys by bypassing the authentication flow entirely — the attacker never encounters a login page. The investment in identity-centric browser detection compounds over time as the attack surface evolves in the same direction.",{"data":15032,"content":15036,"nodeType":1086},{"target":15033},{"sys":15034},{"id":15035,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"cQ6WPV2NMYvDMZXifqzK1",[],{"data":15038,"content":15039,"nodeType":1402},{},[15040],{"data":15041,"marks":15042,"value":15044,"nodeType":502},{},[15043],{"type":989},"The verdict",{"data":15046,"content":15047,"nodeType":951},{},[15048],{"data":15049,"marks":15050,"value":15051,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Browser security is a real and growing priority — according to Omdia Research, it is now a top-five priority for 88% of security leaders and the top priority for 26% of them. 85% expect their browser security spending to increase over the next 12–24 months. The question isn't whether to invest. It's what to invest in.",{"data":15053,"content":15054,"nodeType":951},{},[15055],{"data":15056,"marks":15057,"value":15058,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The browser is where your users work, where attackers target them, and where the identity attacks causing the majority of enterprise breaches play out. But not all browser security investments address the same problem.",{"data":15060,"content":15063,"nodeType":1086},{"target":15061},{"sys":15062},{"id":11683,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},[],{"data":15065,"content":15066,"nodeType":951},{},[15067],{"data":15068,"marks":15069,"value":15070,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Solutions like Seraphic are built to defend against a browser being exploited by an attacker trying to break out of the sandbox — an attack that represents a historic low as a share of enterprise incidents, and one that Google's own hardening and rapid patching increasingly mitigates automatically. SquareX is built around malware sandboxing — a legitimate but declining share of the initial access landscape, and a capability Zscaler's existing customers already partially have. LayerX focuses on internal governance rather than external threats.",{"data":15072,"content":15073,"nodeType":951},{},[15074],{"data":15075,"marks":15076,"value":15077,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Push Security is built to defend against the attacks that are behind the major breaches hitting the headlines: identity theft, credential abuse, session hijacking, and the full identity attack kill chain that plays out inside the browser every time an attacker logs in as your user. Every major threat intelligence report points to these as the primary breach vectors. The economics of attack choice guarantee they'll remain so.",{"data":15079,"content":15080,"nodeType":951},{},[15081],{"data":15082,"marks":15083,"value":15084,"nodeType":502},{},[],"The security team that deploys Push gets the greatest coverage of the highest-impact threats, on managed and unmanaged devices, with the lightest operational footprint. That is the browser security investment that moves the needle on real organizational risk — not the browser security investment that defends the software nobody's actually attacking.",{"data":15086,"content":15090,"nodeType":1086},{"target":15087},{"sys":15088},{"id":15089,"type":1091,"linkType":1092},"3a2sEWgWKZulGLCFfODwk0",[],{"data":15092,"content":15093,"nodeType":951},{},[15094],{"data":15095,"marks":15096,"value":21,"nodeType":502},{},[],"How to avoid the browser security buyer's trap","Securing the browser vs. securing the organization via the browser — what's the difference?","2026-05-13T00:00:00.000Z","how-to-avoid-the-browser-security-buyers-trap",{"items":15102},[15103,15105],{"sys":15104,"name":2825},{"id":2824},{"sys":15106,"name":2821},{"id":2820},{"items":15108},[15109],{"fullName":4971,"firstName":4972,"jobTitle":942,"profilePicture":15110},{"url":4974},"the-top-10-browser-security-solutions-in-2026","blog/the-top-10-browser-security-solutions-in-2026",{"json":15114},{"data":15115,"content":15116,"nodeType":947},{},[15117],{"data":15118,"content":15119,"nodeType":951},{},[15120],{"data":15121,"marks":15122,"value":15123,"nodeType":502},{},[],"Your guide to browser security vendors in 2026. Understand the different approaches to browser security and the vendors that are leading the respective categories, and how to know which one meets your requirements.","Browser security means a lot of different things depending on who's talking. Here's your guide to the browser security market from a vendor perspective in 2026.",{"id":15126,"publishedAt":15127},"ThcZepauVfA5fKossdkbm","2026-08-11T12:36:05.865Z",{"items":15129},[15130,15132],{"sys":15131,"name":2825},{"id":2824},{"sys":15133,"name":7395},{"id":7394},"CN1Uvugui_4mkmyJnvfHp7kZEwoTuN50lFQaabsCkp8",1786728100361]